Zero magnetic field type magnetic field sensor

This paper presents a new magnetic field sensor named the zero magnetic field type, on the basis of its principle of operation, which is as follows: when the magnetic field level in the core used as a sensor is shifted by an unknown field to be detected, a controlled field is so superimposed in the opposite direction to the unknown field that the original zero magnetic field state is resotred. Then the unknown field can easily be detected from the controlled field. Consequently, detection performance is expected to be unaffected by geometrical configurations, magnetization properties, and demagnetization effects of the core used as a sensor. Moreover, temperature variations of the core and the existence of resistance and leakage inductance in the windings arranged on the core also do not directly degrade performance. This paper certifies that the proposed sensor certainly has the forementioned properties. In addition, the following are clarified: (1) the upper limit of the detectable range does not exist in principle; (ii) the accuracy is 0.02 percent for the full scale 20 kA/m and realizes the order of 4 × 10^?4 percent/^oC for temperature variations of ?76^o C to 300^oC; (iii) the magnetization property required of the core used as a sensor is that it has as sharply a rectangular B-H loop as possible; (iv) as a result, sensor design is greatly simplified.     

无源高温超导磁浮轴承磁悬浮力的计算

本文应用有限元方法和超导临界态理论，推导了高温超导体电流分布和电流密度计算方程。由高温超导体电流计算了高温超导磁浮轴承悬浮力。利用实验测量结果验证了此方法的有效性。     

强磁按摩器与旋磁机研制

采用直径较大的单个永磁体,同下边是玉石圆壁及上边是穿联圆珠构成的强磁按摩器(磁宝),能产生较大辐射面积的磁力线与远红外线,并以阴阳双线的配合可产生较强的活血化瘀作用,进而在加温后的贴身使用中对多种疾病产生较好的缓解及保健功效;这种玉壁加热并放置于胸前,可用于心梗急救,放置于肩周或腰部也有较理想的缓解及止疼效果,对老年人也能产生延年益寿的功效.在筒型壳体中沿轴心配设旋转盘与固定盘,利用固定盘的电磁线圈或电动机产生旋转磁场,并由其同轴的旋转盘及其若干永磁环,对机体产生旋转磁场;用端头设置的玉石组件及电气石圆珠产生远红外线的配合作用,达到快速理疗的效果.     

Storing magnetic data

Magnetic recording data storage innovation and product evolution is arguably higher than it has ever been. For example, the current record in high density recording is 23.8 Gbit/in², which was demonstrated by Seagate Technology. Data is stored by creating a pattern of magnetization in the media using a recording head. Basically, the head is a split ring-shaped core of easily magnetized material wrapped by a few turns of wire. When current flows in the wire, it induces a magnetic flux in the core and a field across the recording gap. Reversing the current's direction changes the direction of the magnetic field. Because the field lines spread out as they bridge the gap, they magnetize the media in a small zone near the gap. Since data is stored as binary digits, a pattern of current reversals can be coded to represent binary digits. For example, “1” might be represented by a magnetization reversal and “0” by the absence of a reversal. Data is read by sensing the fields that arise from the magnetization transition zones in the media. These fields are caused by a concentration of magnetic poles at the ends of each magnetized region. Since these fields point in the opposite direction to the media's magnetization, they are called “demagetizing fields” These fields extend beyond the media's surface. Thus, they can induce responses in a read head if it is brought close to the media     

Adjustable magnetic gear

A mathematical interpretation of a combined electromechanical device possessing the properties of a synchronous machine connected to a frequency converter and of a magnetic gear with a variable reduction factor is considered. The stator winding of the synchronous machine is concentrated (tooth winding), and its spatial period covers the full number of teeth z. An expression for the frequency response of the magnetomotive force (MMF) of the tooth winding was obtained. In the variant under consideration (z = 36), the fundamental harmonic of the magnetic field, which sets the number of stator pole pairs, is v = p = 17. The MMF of the magnets of the internal rotor is represented as a Fourier series. Formulas are given making it possible to calculate the magnetic fields in two air gaps of the magnetic gear caused by the stator current and magnets of a high-speed rotor (using the method of specific magnetic conductivity). The electromagnetic torques of the gear shafts are calculated by the stretch method. The electromagnetic torque caused by the stator winding is determined on the basis of the instantaneous values of the EMF of rotation and transformation of each winding coil without using the winding coefficients. A differential equation system for calculating the transient processes in three channels of a wind-power plant is obtained: in two mechanical channels and in one electrical channel. A closed system with a PID controller is proposed making it possible to stabilize the rotational speed of the electric generator of a wind-power plant with a variable wind speed.     

磁梯度张量在磁体测距中的应用研究

磁测距技术具有全方向定位、对环境依赖低等优点,拥有广阔的应用空间.传统的磁测距技术以磁场总量测量为主,但计算量大,定位实时性差.针对这一不足,在磁偶极子模型的基础上建立了磁梯度张量测距模型.通过欧拉反褶积法理论推导出磁梯度张量定位的距离公式,根据该公式确立了5传感器测距模型,并以霍尼韦尔5883L微型磁阻传感器为核心设计、制作了磁梯度张量测距仪.经过实验验证,该测距仪具有短程测距的功能,可以有效测量1m内目标磁体距离.该结果表明,利用磁梯度张量测量距离的方法是行之有效的,且具有较高的精度.     

采用Halbach磁场的新型被动磁轴承仿真

为了提高永磁磁轴承的轴向承载力和刚度,在对理想Halbach磁场进行分析的基础上,利用分段磁环构成的近似Halbach磁场设计了一个新型的轴向永磁磁轴承.通过有限元软件对这种磁轴承进行了建模仿真,计算了最大承载力以及刚度,并分析了磁环的厚度与高度比值对磁轴承刚度的影响.仿真结果表明,采用Halbach磁场的轴向磁轴承最大可以提供2×106N/m的刚度,高于相同永磁材料用量条件下传统轴向磁轴承的刚度.考虑到这种磁轴承的结构要比传统结构复杂,因此这种磁轴承更适合在对刚度要求高的场合应用.     

用于室温磁制冷机的高场强永磁磁路设计

把基于磁热效应的室温磁制冷技术应用到空调及家用冰箱上,除了开发出具有巨磁热效应的磁致冷材料(磁工质)外,高场强永磁磁路的设计与制造也是其关键。由于在空调及家用冰箱上采用结构复杂、价钱昂贵的超导磁体或电磁铁是不合适的,而传统永磁体回路的设计方法很难使永磁体产生较高的场强。本文在中空圆柱型磁场源(hollowcylindricalfluxsource)的基础上,设计出了用于室温磁制冷机(往复式和旋转式)的高场强永磁磁路,在磁路工作气隙为20mm时,工作气隙中心的场强分别为1 86T和1 97T。     

磁性磨粒光整加工设备的磁场影响因素分析

通过对现有磁性磨粒光整加工设备的结构以及加工机理的分析总结,得出了使用电磁铁作为磁场源的磁性磨粒光整加工设备的磁场影响因素。利用Ansoft Maxwell 3D对线圈在磁轭磁芯回路中的三种不同布置位置的磁场分布进行了仿真计算,并对计算结果中磁感应强度分布场图和关键路径上磁感应强度分布曲线进行了对比分析,结果表明线圈布置在磁轭磁芯回路的两侧或者后侧时,加工间隙的磁感应强度较大。这种利用仿真计算软件指导磁场形成部件设计的方法,为磁场形成部件的设计提供了理论依据,为后续设计提供了更多的可行性方案。     

大外径多环嵌套永磁轴承轴向磁力模型

为了提高永磁轴承承载力,设计了大外径多环嵌套永磁轴承结构.基于与实验吻合的径向磁化双环永磁轴承轴向磁力数学模型,结合大外径多环嵌套永磁轴承结构特点及线性叠加原理,建立了径向磁化大外径多环嵌套永磁轴承轴向磁力解析模型.分析表明:该型永磁轴承轴向磁力与磁环剩磁的平方成正比;磁力随磁环间隙的增大而减小,随磁环数、磁路总磁导的增大而增大;在正常轴向工作范围内,轴向磁力随轴承轴向偏移的增大而增大.该型永磁轴承充分利用了磁环两个极面,产生磁力的磁环间隙数增加,故轴向磁力明显增大.实验及有限元计算验证了该解析模型的正确性.     

多模式磁偏码器设计

为了提供电动机伺服控制所需要的不同模式的位置信号而设计的磁编码器采用了一种全新的双磁钢复合磁路结构。利用2S-10芯片的三轴霍尔效应,感应平行芯片表面的磁场,把磁信号转换成正余弦电信号;在对原始信号误差进行理论分析的基础上,通过DSP对原始正余弦信号进行误差补偿并对角度进行反正切运算,实现增量模式、PWM模式和同步串口模式信号;三步锁定型开关霍尔元件输出无刷直流电机换相信号,最终实现了3种模式信号同时输出。信号右达8位精度、10位分辨率。     

Electric and magnetic fields

Increasing electrification brings increased human exposures to electric and magnetic fields, commonly called EMFs, and growing evidence suggests that exposure to even low frequency, low energy, electric and magnetic fields may be related to adverse health effects. This paper focuses on magnetic fields and strategies that address them. The challenges faced by scientists in understanding magnetic field interactions with humans, and of mitigating their effects, are discussed. The management of magnetic fields created by power systems are discussed including shielding and interference technology     

快速非线性仿真法在开关磁阻电机等效磁网络模型中的应用

针对开关磁阻电机的双凸极结构特点和严重的磁路饱和现象，提出了一种等效磁网络模型和快速非线性仿真法相结合的方法，实现了开关磁阻电机性能计算的准确性和快速性的协调统一，既建立了准确的数学模型，又实现了运行性能的快速仿真，为开关磁阻电机的优化设计奠定了基础。     

均匀磁场强化磁性液体导热系数实验研究

将封有聚α-烯烃合成油基磁性液体的两玻璃管放置于磁场中,为消除磁场力、重力所引起的磁性液体自然对流的影响,消除端部效应,研制了磁性液体在均匀磁场中瞬态双热线导热系数的实验测量系统.实验测量了均匀磁场对不同体积浓度的磁性液体导热系数的影响.结果显示,均匀磁场显著强化磁性液体的导热系数,其导热系数随磁场强度的增加而近似线性...