响应面法对红薯茎叶中总黄酮提取工艺的优化

采用Design-Expert软件中的Box-Behnken中心组合设计研究了提取温度、乙醇浓度和料液比3个独立因子对提取红薯茎叶中类黄酮得率的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面建立了提取红薯茎叶中的类黄酮的二次多项数学模型,并进一步验证了该模型的有效性,同时利用响应面分析法对提取条件进行了优化。结果表明:红薯茎叶中类黄酮的最佳提取条件为乙醇浓度70%、浸泡时间6h、提取温度90℃、提取时间15min、料液比1:30,该条件下的类黄酮的得率为13.78%。     

超声波法提取紫薯茎叶中总黄酮的工艺优化

以紫薯茎叶为实验材料,采用超声波辅助溶剂法提取其中的总黄酮,考察液料比、提取时间、提取温度、超声功率和乙醇体积分数对紫薯茎叶中总黄酮得率的影响。基于单因素实验,选取四个主要影响因素液料比、超声时间、超声功率、乙醇浓度,应用Box-Behnken响应面实验设计法优化工艺条件。研究表明,紫薯茎叶中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件是:液料比18:1 (mL/g)、提取时间50 min、超声功率200 W、乙醇体积分数75%,总黄酮实际得率为3.46%,与预测值3.51%相接近,研究结果为总黄酮的高效提取及紫薯茎叶的综合利用提供了参考。     

响应面法优化超高压处理提取金银花绿原酸工艺

以金银花为原料,经过超高压处理后,加入乙醇进行提取,经浓缩纯化后,得到金银花绿原酸提取物。通过单因素实验,以金银花绿原酸得率为指标,研究了提取压力、保压时间、提取时间、料液比、乙醇浓度对金银花绿原酸得率的影响;在此基础之上,通过响应面优化实验对超高压处理提取金银花绿原酸工艺进行优化。结果表明,超高压处理提取金银花绿原酸的最优条件为压力325 MPa,保压时间10 min,提取时间2 h,料液比1:10 g/mL,乙醇浓度60%。在此条件下,绿原酸得率为4.872%±0.049%。表明超高压处理能提高金银花绿原酸的产量。     

响应面法优化微波提取菝葜绿原酸工艺

目的:优化微波提取菝葜中绿原酸的条件,提高绿原酸得率。方法:选取工艺参数液料比、乙醇浓度、微波功率、微波温度、微波时间5个因素,分析其对绿原酸得率的影响。按试验设计做上述工艺参数的优化试验。采用Design-Expert软件对试验数据进行二次响应面分析。结果:最佳工艺条件:乙醇体积分数50%,微波功率300 W,液料比30∶1(m L/g),微波时间87 s,微波温度48℃。实际绿原酸平均得率为9.3972 mg/g。     

响应面法优化微波超声双辅助提取金银花绿原酸工艺

以金银花为原料,采用微波超声双辅助提取绿原酸。通过单因素实验对乙醇浓度、超声温度、超声时间、料液比、微波功率、微波时间等工艺参数进行研究,并通过响应面法优化提取工艺,建立二次多项数学模型。结果表明,单因素和响应面优化金银花绿原酸的最优工艺参数为:微波功率400W、微波时间94s、液料比42∶1mL/g、乙醇浓度70%、超声温度为60℃、超声时间60min,此条件下金银花绿原酸提取率为5.45%。     

响应面法优化超声辅助醇提黄芪黄酮最佳工艺

采用超声辅助醇提法提取黄芪中的黄酮,利用响应面法对黄芪黄酮提取工艺进行优化。在单因素实验基础上,通过响应面法对影响黄芪黄酮提取得率的乙醇浓度、料液比、提取温度、超声时间四个因素进行优化,确定最佳工艺条件为:乙醇浓度60%、料液比1∶20(g∶m L)、提取温度76℃、超声时间30min,黄酮得率为3.30%。     

响应面分析法优化黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素提取工艺的研究

采用响应面优化黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素的提取工艺。在超声功率、提取时间、乙醇浓度、提取温度、料液比的单因素实验基础上,固定提取温度50℃、料液比0.1∶15 g/m L,利用响应面分析法优化,建立二次多项式回归方程模型,确定最佳提取工艺为:超声功率340 W、提取时间60 min、乙醇浓度为60%。经工艺验证,金丝桃苷得率为4.97 mg/g,异槲皮苷得率为4.84 mg/g、槲皮素得率为2.02 mg/g,与理论值的相对误差分别为2.5%、4.5%、6.9%。采用响应面设计分析得到最佳提取工艺条件具有较高的实用价值,可为工业化提取提供理论参考。     

微波超声辅助优化葵花籽粕绿原酸的提取工艺

研究了乙醇溶液为溶剂微波超声辅助提取葵花籽粕中绿原酸的优化工艺。在单因素实验的基础上采用星点设计响应面法,选择三因素(料液比、乙醇体积分数、超声时间)的最适值作为响应面优化的中心点,进行响应面分析优化提取工艺。结果表明:各因素对绿原酸得率影响的显著性顺序依次为料液比超声时间乙醇体积分数;最佳提取条件为微波功率160 W、微波时间12 s、超声功率280 W、料液比1∶19、乙醇体积分数42%、超声时间16 min,在此条件下绿原酸得率为3.095%。     

响应面分析法优化缬草中黄酮类化合物的提取工艺

本文以产自贵州地区的缬草为实验材料,以乙醇为浸提试剂,探究缬草中黄酮类化合物的提取工艺。方法:在乙醇浓度、料液比、浸提温度和浸提时间四个单因素实验基础上,采用响应面设计方法优化提取工艺参数。结果表明:最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度53.0%,料液比1∶29 g/m L,浸提温度73℃,浸提时间2.6 h。在此条件下,实际得到的黄酮类化合物得率为2.133%,与理论提取率相比较,其RSD为3.5%。结论:响应面法优化的缬草中黄酮类化合物提取工艺稳定,具有可靠性。     

响应面法优化菠萝蜜果皮黄酮提取工艺

采用乙醇浸提法从菠萝蜜果皮中提取黄酮,研究了液料比、乙醇浓度、提取时间和提取温度等对菠萝蜜果皮黄酮得率的影响并采用响应面实验设计和多元二次回归分析优化了此提取工艺。结果表明,乙醇浓度76%,料液比1∶22(g/m L),提取温度68℃,提取时间2 h为最佳提取工艺条件。验证实验得到黄酮提取量为23.512 mg/g且黄酮对DPPH自由基的清除能力与V_C相当。各因素对菠萝蜜黄酮得率的影响次序是:提取温度料液比乙醇浓度提取时间。因此,从菠萝蜜果皮中也能获得较高得率的黄酮,且该黄酮具有良好的抗氧化能力。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press