竹叶青酒免疫调节功效的研究

通过动物实验与理化分析相结合对竹叶青酒的功能特性进行了研究,以昆明小鼠为受试动物,分为空白对照组(饮用蒸馏水)、酒基(即汾酒)对照组和给药组(竹叶青酒)低、中、高3个剂量(中剂量相当于体重70 kg人体,约150 mL/d),进行动物实验.结果表明,给竹叶青酒实验动物体内刀豆素A(ConA)诱导的脾脏淋巴细胞转化能力及NK细胞活性均提高30%以上,证实竹叶青酒在提高机体免疫力方面有切实的功效.     

黄酒和竹叶青酒抗氧化活性比较

通过采用抗亚油酸过氧化活性、清除DPPH自由基活性、清除超氧阴离子活性、还原力4个指标,分为低、中、高3个剂量组、空白对照和阳性对照,对黄酒和竹叶青酒的抗氧化活性进行比较研究,并用福林-酚法测定其中酚类物质的含量。结果表明,黄酒和竹叶青酒均具有较强的抗亚油酸过氧化活性、清除自由基活性和还原能力,且均存在一定的量效关系。同时,酚类物质的测定结果表明,黄酒和竹叶青酒中酚类物质的含量分别为165.1μg/mL和85.2μg/mL,这在一定程度上解释了黄酒的抗氧化活性高于竹叶青酒。     

超高效液相色谱法快速测定竹叶青酒中栀子苷的含量

建立了一种快速测定竹叶青酒中栀子苷含量的超高效液相色谱分析方法。使用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18（1.7μm,2.1×50mm）色谱柱,以乙腈-水（10∶90,V/V）为流动相,采用紫外检测器（检测波长238nm）对竹叶青中的栀子苷进行测定。结果表明,在24~960mg/ml范围内竹叶青酒中栀子苷含量与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999986,精密度和稳定性试验相对标准偏差均小于5%,加样回收率达到99.43%。该测定方法简单、准确、精密度高、重现性好,且分析速率大大提高。     

UPLC测定竹叶青酒中橙皮苷成分的研究

目的：采用超高效液相色谱法（UPLC）建立保健酒竹叶青中橙皮苷的含量测定方法。方法：采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱（1.7μm,2.1×50mm）,流动相为混合流动相（甲醇∶醋酸∶水=35∶4∶61）∶水=72∶28,检测波长283nm,柱温30℃。结果橙皮苷进样量在0.0021~0.126μg范围内,与峰面积线性关系良好,橙皮苷的平均回收率为95%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.8％（n=3）。结论：该方法简便、快速,准确、重复性好,可用于竹叶青酒中橙皮苷的检测。     

竹叶青酒中中药材成分指纹图谱构建的探讨

对竹叶青酒中中药成分指纹图谱构建的重要性进行了分析;对中药材质量控制的传统方法和现代仪器分析方法进行了比较分析;提出了竹叶青酒中中药成分指纹图构建的程序和常见方法;阐述了竹叶青酒中药材指纹图谱在实际生产中的具体应用和功能作用。     

不同条件下青享竹叶青酒的稳定性研究

本文采用色度与浊度的联合跟踪检测方法,研究了青享竹叶青酒在不同条件下色度与浊度的变化规律,为研发类似酒提供参考依据。结果显示,在3个不同保存条件下,青享竹叶青的色度a值上升,色度b值下降,色度L值上升,浊度值上升。     

短期口服菊粉提高小鼠的抗疲劳能力

本文研究了短期食用菊粉对于小鼠抗疲劳能力的影响。通过不间断灌胃给予小鼠低(0.4 mg/kg)、高(2 mg/kg)剂量的菊粉45 d,在末次给药半小时后,测试了小鼠力竭游泳时间,强迫游泳后血清肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK)活性、血乳酸(lactic acid,LA)和血尿氮素(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)含量及小鼠粪便菌群丰度。结果显示,低剂量与高剂量组的力竭游泳时间与空白组相比分别提高45.62%与90.52%倍(p<0.05)。在剧烈运动后,与空白组相比,低剂量组与高剂量组小鼠血清中的CK活性分别下降为17.07%与53.65%(p<0.05);BUN含量分别下降68.70%与81.28%(p<0.05);全血中的LA含量分别下降为16.29%与41.85(p<0.05)。在调节肠道菌群方面,相较于空白组,给药组肠道有害菌(变形菌门细菌)均有下调,其中高剂量组的菌群丰度最高。实验结果说明短期食用菊粉可以提高机体的抗疲劳能力,其作用机制可能与菊粉能调节肠道菌群丰度相关。     

迎玺牌“硬是好”酒对小鼠的抗疲劳作用

目的:研究迎玺牌"硬是好"酒对小鼠的抗疲劳作用。方法:将120只雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为4组,灌胃15d后称量小鼠体重,分别检测小鼠力竭游泳时间,运动后血清尿素氮、全血乳酸以及肝、肌糖原含量。结果:迎玺牌"硬是好"酒对小鼠的体重增长无明显影响,但迎玺牌"硬是好"酒明显延长小鼠力竭游泳时间,降低运动后血清尿素氮和血乳酸浓度,升高肝糖原和肌糖原含量,与阴性对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:迎玺牌"硬是好"酒对小鼠有明显的抗疲劳作用。     

枸杞子多糖通过改善氧化应激延缓疲劳作用的研究

本文研究枸杞子多糖（LBP）对小鼠疲劳的延缓作用及机制。将昆明种小鼠分为空白对照组（给予生理盐水）和高、中、低剂量枸杞子多糖处理组（剂量分别为100、50和25 mg/kg/day）,灌胃给药2周,通过跑步、疲劳转棒和负重游泳实验考察枸杞子多糖对小鼠的抗疲劳作用,并对运动后小鼠体内肝糖原、肌糖原以及血清、肝脏和肌肉中抗氧化指标进行检测。实验结果表明,LBP可以明显延长小鼠的运动时间,增加小鼠肝糖原和肌糖原含量,同时明显提高血清、肝脏和肌肉中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性,显著降低肝脏和肌肉中丙二醛（MDA）和活性氧（ROS）含量及血清中MDA含量。LBP具有延缓疲劳的作用,其机制可能是减弱氧化应激和提高糖原含量。      

生晒参-甘草-桂花提取物对Balb/C小鼠运动疲劳抗性的影响

通过动物实验研究生晒参-甘草-桂花混合提取物对Balb/C小鼠的抗疲劳作用，并初步探讨其抗疲劳机制。本实验将160只Balb/C小鼠随机分为4组:空白组和提取物低、中、高（30、150、300）mg·L?1剂量组。生晒参-甘草-桂花混合后经热水回流工艺提取、过滤和浓缩后，按比例配制为灌胃材料。4组实验小鼠经过环境适应后开始灌胃实验，每日一次，每次2 mL，为期28 d，每周记录各组小鼠体重，并在最后一次灌胃结束后，采用负重游泳实验、常压耐缺氧实验和生化法检测小鼠的肝糖原含量、血尿素氮、血乳酸含量变化及T-SOD活力和MDA含量等指标。结果表明，给药组小鼠游泳前后血乳酸比空白组下降明显；血尿素氮含量增幅与空白组比较明显降低，部分剂量组别具有显著性差异；给药组小鼠血清T-SOD活力（218.71±8.14、217.21±7.82、204.33±7.78 U·mL?1）和肝糖原水平（11.75±1.02、12.03±1.21、11.84±0.67 mg/g）显著高于空白组（121.18±17.58 U·mL?1、7.91±0.89 mg/g）；给药组小鼠血清MDA含量（11.24±1.18、13.62±0.65、15.25±0.91 nmol·mL?1）显著低于空白组（21.18±1.62 nmol·mL?1）；给药过后可显著延长小鼠负重游泳时间和常压缺氧条件下小鼠存活时间。综上说明生晒参甘草桂花提取物具有明显的抗疲劳作用，其作用机理可能与富含皂苷、黄酮和多糖，调节小鼠肝糖原含量、提高小鼠体内清除氧自由基水平有关。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the