基于节点优化与清洗的改进A*路径规划算法

针对传统A*算法利用OpenList和CloseList进行路径规划时存在冗余节点数量多、部分转角节点可被删除的情况,提出一种基于节点优化与清洗的改进A*路径规划算法.改进A*算法首先对已规划路径进行优化,包括删除直线段路径的中间节点,并判断障碍物到规划路径的距离,删除最小距离大于0的可省略转角节点,从而保证用于路径规...     

基于结构洞指数的网络节点重要度评估

首先定义节点的限制度效率和等级度效率,由此构建节点的重要性评价矩阵,从而提出一种利用节点间的结构来判断通信网中节点重要性的方法.该方法通过考虑三个节点之间的关系结构来确定节点的重要性,克服单独分析各个节点重要性的不足。最后,利用该算法对ARPA网的节点重要性进行分析,并与已有的节点收缩法作对比。     

一种通信网络抗毁性评价的改进模型

分析了现代战场通信网抗毁性评价的需求,针对现有通信网抗毁性测度评价模型无法准确评价网络抗毁性测度和节点重要性,以及不同节点数的网络间抗毁性的问题,利用基于最短路径数和跳面节点法节点重要性多指标评价方法对该模型进行改进。在此基础上,提出一种基于节点的全网平均等效抗毁性测度的网络抗毁性评价模型,并验证了模型的有效性。     

基于多属性综合评价的食品安全标准引用网络重要节点发现方法

针对如何利用食品安全标准引用网络来从众多的食品安全国家标准中找到对食品安全检验、检测影响较大的关键标准，提出了一种基于多属性综合评价的食品安全标准引用网络重要节点发现方法。首先，利用社交网络分析中的度中心性、紧密度中心性、介数中心性以及Web页面重要度评价算法PageRank，分别对标准节点的重要性进行评价；然后，使用层次分析法（AHP）计算各个评价指标在重要性评价中的权重，通过基于逼近理想解排序法（TOPSIS）的多属性决策方法综合评价标准节点的重要性并寻找到重要节点；其次，将基于综合评价得到的重要节点与基于度的评价得到的重要节点分别从各自的引用网络中删除，并检验重要节点删除后引用网络的连通性，连通性越差，说明节点越重要；最后，使用Louvain社区发现算法检验网络的连通性，即对网络节点进行社区发现，没有被划入社区的节点越多，说明网络的连通性越差。实验结果表明，相较于基于度的评价方法，基于多属性的综合评价方法发现的重要节点被删除后不能划入社区的节点更多，证明后者能更好地发现引用网络中的重要节点。可见所提方法有助于标准制定者在修改、更新标准时，快速把握核心内容与关键节点，对食品安全国家标准的体系构建起到指导作用。     

基于敏感度方差重要性的RBF 神经网络结构优化算法

针对RBF 神经网络的结构设计问题, 提出一种基于输出敏感度方差重要性的结构优化算法. 首先, 检验网络隐层节点的输出敏感度在样本集上的方差是否与零有显著差异, 以此作为依据增加或删除相应的隐层节点; 然后,对调整后的网络参数进行修正, 使网络具有更好的拟合精度和收敛性; 最后, 对所提出的优化算法进行仿真实验, 结果表明, 所提出的算法可根据研究对象自适应地调整RBF 的网络结构, 具有良好的逼近能力和泛化能力.

     

用熵权法估计地域通信网络节点

评估网络节点的重要性,是研究地域通信网网络可靠性的重要内容。本文将节点拓扑权重、节点运行情况、交换能力、抗毁能力、设施费用和节点通信能力指标通过熵权法综合的反映到节点重要性权重中,使得节点重要性的评价更全面。结合实例,对用熵权法估计节点重要性权重进行了说明,为地域通信网的可靠性研究和实战应用提供重要参考。     

基于循环自构形算法的神经网络结构优化

BP(back propagation)神经网络中隐层节点的个数过多将影响网络的泛化性能和效率,自构形学习算法通过考察网络隐层节点输出之间的相关性来删除和合并隐层节点.但自构形算法在节点的删除和合并时存在网络收敛不一致问题,因此,在自构形算法中引入随机度概念,在分治算法思想的基础上提出了循环自构形算法来优化网络结构.Matlab实验对比验证了循环自构形算法能从不同或相同的隐层节点数剪枝到一致的网络结构,并将网络结构优化至最精简.     

一种改进的RBF神经网络参数优化方法

提出了一种改进的RBF神经网络参数优化算法。通过资源分配网络算法确定隐含层节点个数,引入剪枝策略删除对网络贡献不大的节点,用改进的粒子群算法对RBF网络的中心、宽度、权值进行优化,使RBF网络不仅可以得到合适的结构,同时也可以得到合适的控制参数。将此算法用于连续搅拌釜反应器模型的预测,结果表明,此算法优化后的RBF网络结构小,并且具有较高的泛化能力。     

基于惯性蚁群算法的机器人路径规划

栅格环境下蚁群算法规划出的移动机器人路径存在运行慢、路径弯多、转折次数多、局部最优等问题。为获得较优路径,提出了惯性蚁群算法。在传统蚁群算法规划的路径上,采用惯性优化原理,对每一个节点进行遍历,当两个节点间的优化路径上无障碍物时,将中间节点删除,换成优化路径。根据优化信息,动态调整信息素挥发系数,提高了算法环境适应能力。仿真结果表明,相比传统蚁群算法,惯性蚁群算法能更快地找到较优路径,能有效优化路径质量。     

基于路由最短路径树的动态多节点删除算法

提出一种基于路由最短路径树的多节点删除动态算法。算法建立一个最短路径树更新队列,将所有将被删除节点的子孙节点保存到该队列;从原最短路径树中删除需要被删除的节点和其所有子孙节点;从队列中选取与根节点距离最短的节点进行更新,已更新节点不再被插入队列,从而减少节点更新次数。实验结果表明,该算法能有效减少节点的更新冗余。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。