微乳液增溶导数分光光度法直接测定水中可溶性磷酸盐

研究了在OP微乳液的作用下，用一阶导数磷钼蓝分光光度法直接测定水中可溶性磷酸盐的最佳条件。OP微乳液大大改变了磷钼蓝的最大吸收波长，并提高了测定的稳定性和灵敏度。本法可有效地消除硅、砷和悬浮物等的干扰，其服从比耳定律的线性范围为0-1.92mg/L，检出限为0.007mg/L，加标回收率在98％－101％之间，测定准确、快速。     

液膜富集铀（VI）与水中痕量铀的测定

应用液膜技术富集水中的痕量铀（Ⅳ），研究了分离、富集铀（Ⅵ）的最佳液膜组成，实验了Ｓｐａｎ８０－ＴＢＰ－ＣＣｌ４－液体石蜡－ＨＣｌＯ４液膜混合体系的最适宜条件，用该法富集工业废水中的痕量铀（Ⅳ）富集倍数为７５以上，该法已成功地应用于测定水和废水样品中的痕量铀，相对标准偏差为２．１％，回收率为９９．０％～１００．８％。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定菊花中多种微量元素的研究

研究了用硝酸＋高氯酸消解样品，试液用ICP－AES法同时测定菊花中锌，铁，锰，铜，镁的新方法，在选定的最佳条件下测锌，铁，锰，铜，镁的检出限分别为4．2，18，0．4，7．3，4．8ug.mL^-1，回收率为95．5％－102．8％，RSD为1．3％－3．9％，法准确，快速，简便，应用于菊花样品的测定，结果满意。     

水中痕量芳烃化合物的富集及测定

研究采用ＧＤＸ－３０１多孔微球为吸附剂，环己烷为脱附剂，富集水中痕量芳烃的条件。富集后的洗脱液直接注入２．０％ＤＮＰ－２．５％的有机皂士／１０１白色担体柱中，用ＦＩＤ检测器，恒温下进行气相色谱分离。采用单点校正法进行定量。大大提高了方法的灵敏度，已成功地应用于水中痕量芳烃化合物的测定。本法简便、快速，适用于微量、痕量杂质的富集测定。     

磷钼杂多酸催化合成乙酸乙酯的研究

以磷钼杂多酸为催化剂，以乙醇和乙酸为原料合成乙酸乙酯。经实验确定了最佳反应条件：酸醇比为2．5：1—3．0：1磷钼酸用量为酸质量的2．5％一3．0％，反应时间为4．5h，酯化率达94％以上。     

流动注射分析法测定食盐中的碘酸盐

本文采用流动注射分析法测定了食盐中的碘酸盐含量，最佳操作条件为０．１５％碘化钾－１．５％磷酸－０．１％淀粉溶液，水为载液，线性范围０．４～１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，检测限为０．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ连续１１次测定含碘量为１８．９２ｍｇ／ｋｇ食盐样品，变异系数２．２８４％，回收率９９．８％～１００．３％。     

原子荧光法测定Se元素最佳测定条件的研究

原子荧光法测定各种元素时测定条件对分析结果影响很大，本文通过对灯电流，炉高，载气流量，盐酸（硝酸）浓度，还原剂浓度等实验条件的研究，确定了原子荧光测砷硒．汞的最佳仪器和试剂条件，并对方法的检出限、最佳线形范围、准确度和精密度进行了研究。结果表明，Se的最佳灯电流为70—80mA；最佳炉高为6-7mm；最佳载气流量500ml／min左右；最佳盐酸浓度为5-30％，最佳硝酸浓度5—10％；Se的最佳还原剂浓度为1-2％。在最佳测定条件下，AFS测定Se的最低检出限0．041ug／mL；测定的最佳浓度范围0-30ug／g；用标准溶液测得的Se的测定相对标准差为3．766％,加标回收率为95．55％     

铋磷钼蓝光度法测定水系沉积物中的磷

本文提出了一种铋磷钼蓝光度法测定化探样品中磷的分析方法，研究了显色体系的最佳条件，比较了样品的不同分析方法。实验结果表明，在本系中加甲醇后，可使显色更稳定、迅速，灵敏度有所提高。该法检出限为0．0152μg/ml，加标回收率达95．0％-99．5％，样品测定结果良好。     

磷钼杂多酸—孔雀绿分光光度法测定水中微量磷

对磷钼杂多酸－孔雀绿分光光度法测定水中微量磷进行了探讨,对测定条件,精密度与工,干扰因素等进行了综合实验。该法灵敏度高,操作简便,络合物稳定时间长,精密度好,准确度高,干扰因素少,适合于水中微量磷的测定。     

磷氮溴协效阻燃剂的合成及应用研究

作者以三氯氧磷季戊四醇、苯胺和液溴为原料合成了具有成碳结构的磷氮溴阻燃剂季戍四醇双磷三溴苯胺盐。中间体季戌四醇双磷苯胺盐能最佳合成条件为：苯胺与季戊四醇舣磷酰氯摩尔比2．4．1，反应条件80℃，反应时间2h；在此条件下，中间体能收率可达94％。产物季戍四醇双磷酸三溴苯胺盐的最佳合成条件为：溴素与中间体的摩尔比为8：1，     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。