用机械定时器控制变电站水箱自动上水

本项小发明是针对康巴什变电站生活水箱溢水没法控制的情况而设计,加装机械定时器制控制上水时间,造成本低廉,电路简单易实现,操作省时省力,解决了变电站生活中的小困难,实现了水箱上水的半自动化     

浅析居住区景观中的水景设计

当前水景热暴露出水景观规划设计中存在的诸多问题,本文归纳了水景设计的基本原则,提出了具体的设计手法,认为,水景设计应加强满足居民审美心理水景设计、可参与性水景设计和合理的植物应用设计三个方面设计,才能出现真正意义上的可持续、舒适、技术化、人性化以及和谐的居住区高档水景观。     

基于模块化的水刺机设计方法研究

针对水刺机设计生产过程中的问题,提出基于模块化的设计方法。阐述了水刺机模块的建模原则,介绍了W1573M水刺机具体的模块化设计过程。水刺机模块化设计方法把单件定制生产改变为大批量生产,可有效缩短水刺机的设计和生产周期,降低生产和后期运行成本,提升产品竞争力。     

自动着水机可控执行机构的研究

本文首先分析自动着水机着水系统工作原理。在着水执行机构设计方面,通过气动和电动调节阀执行机构的对比,根据控制精度、稳定性、系统结构和便于操作等要求,提出采用电动调节阀作为着水系统的执行机构。阐述了电动阀可调比、流量特性、减速机构、断电保护等设计思想。通过应用证明该执行机构对着水系统的特性有很大的改善。     

浆料滤水性能的研究

浆料滤水性能的研究纸浆的滤水性能是纸浆抄造性能的重要指标之一，它关系到纸浆在造纸机网部等处的脱水能力，是造纸工艺制定、造纸新原料开发和造纸机网案设计的科学依据。因而较为真实地测定和反映纸浆的滤水性能是非常重要的。本文参考ＴＡＰＰＩＴ２２１ｃｍ－９３标...     

成形网滤水性能探析

为了更准确理解、认识和掌握成形网的滤水性能,本文从成形网滤水性能的设计、控制和使用等多方面进行探析。     

适配体功能化的DNA水凝胶的制备及其在食品安全小分子快速检测中的应用

DNA水凝胶是具有三维聚合物网络的高保水性材料。研究人员设计了多种DNA水凝胶交联制备方法,并通过向其中引入其他功能分子或与其他类型的功能材料相互结合,构建了具有优异性能的DNA水凝胶,受到了广泛关注。适配体是基于指数富集的配体系统进化(systematicevolutionofligandsbyexponential enrichment,SELEX)技术从随机寡核苷酸文库中筛选获得的对目标物质具有良好特异性与亲和力的寡核苷酸序列。适配体功能化的DNA水凝胶具有靶向范围广、稳定性好、易于修饰、操作简单和成本低等优点,得到了广泛应用。本文概述了构建适配体功能化的DNA水凝胶的基本设计原则与分类,重点介绍了适配体功能化的DNA水凝胶在食品安全检测中的最新策略,最后,讨论了适配体功能化的DNA水凝胶面临的挑战以及对未来的展望,旨在为其在食品安全领域的应用提供参考。     

滨水景观的可持续性生态设计理论探究

滨水沿海地区作为城市重要的开放区域,以其独特的自然条件、文化内涵及经济地位已成为当今社会的开发热点地区。建立生态、可持续性的沿海城市景观受到越来越多的关注。文章从目前滨水景观开发难点出发,分析了大量可持续型滨水景观的要素,总结了相关的设计原则与技术手段。     

不同配方对猪肉水汆丸子品质的影响

影响水汆丸子品质的因素有馅料中淀粉的含量,拌馅料时的加水量以及蛋清的量,本文在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验设计,对上述3个影响因素进行了综合试验,得出猪肉水汆丸子的最佳配方为:淀粉添加量25%、蛋清添加量10%、水添加量为20%。     

苗绣图案的艺术特征分析及设计创新——以水涡纹为例

苗绣纹样中的水涡纹是苗族服饰中的传统纹样。研究贵州省黔东南州地区苗绣纹样的来源与民族历史,分析苗绣纹样中的水涡纹图案文化内涵及艺术特色,提出水涡纹图案设计方法新思路。提取水涡纹的形态设计因子,细分纹样结构、层次、形状、色彩等元素,在设计的过程中从水涡纹的构图和布局方式进行创新,设计富有时代气息的现代水涡纹样,并应用到时尚的丝巾设计中,让传统苗绣图案走进现代人的生活。     

高压针形喷淋对纸机成形网清洁效果的影响

该文简单阐述成形网高压针形喷淋管的安装位置、距离、喷淋角度、喷淋管的摆动幅度及速度等对成形网清洁效果的影响,目的在于进一步提高成形网清洁及洗涤效果,提高纸机效率并减少高压喷淋对成形网的损坏。     

高压针形喷淋对纸机成形网清洁效果的影响

该文简单阐述成形网高压针形喷淋管的安装位置、距离、喷淋角度、喷淋管的摆动幅度及速度等对成形网清洁效果的影响,目的在于进一步提高成形网清洁及洗涤效果,提高纸机效率并减少高压喷淋对成形网的损坏。     

Using water to cool cattle: behavioral and physiological changes associated with voluntary use of cow showers

Water is commonly used to cool cattle in summer either at milking or over the feed bunk, but little research has examined how dairy cows voluntarily use water separate from these locations. The objectives were to describe how and when dairy cattle voluntarily used an overhead water source separate from other resources, such as feed, and how use of this water affected behavioral and physiological indicators of heat stress. Half of the 24 nonlactating cattle tested had access to a “cow shower” composed of 2 shower heads activated by a pressure-sensitive floor. All animals were individually housed to prevent competition for access to the shower. Over 5 d in summer (air temperature = 25.3 ± 3.3°C, mean ± standard deviation), cattle spent 3.0 ± 2.1 h/24 h in the shower, but considerable variability existed between animals (individual daily values ranged from 0.0 to 8.2 h/24 h). A portion of this variation can be explained by weather; shower use increased by 0.3 h for every 1°C increase in ambient temperature. Cows preferentially used the shower during the daytime, with 89 ± 12% of the time spent in the shower between 1000 and 1900 h. Respiration rate and skin temperature did not differ between treatments [53 vs. 61 breaths/min and 35.0 vs. 35.4°C in shower and control cows, respectively; standard error of the difference (SED) = 5.6 breaths/min and 0.49°C]. In contrast, body temperature of cows provided with a shower was 0.2°C lower than control cows in the evening (i.e., 1800 to 2100 h; SED = 0.11°C). Cows with access to a shower spent half as much time near the water trough than control animals, and this pattern became more pronounced as the temperature-humidity index increased. In addition, cattle showed other behavioral changes to increasing heat load; they spent less time lying when heat load index increased, but the time spent lying, feeding, and standing without feeding did not differ between treatments. Cows had higher respiration rate, skin temperature, and body temperature as heat load index increased, regardless of treatment. These data suggest that cattle, when given the opportunity, will make considerable use of a shower to reduce heat load, but that individuals are highly variable in their use of this resource. The variability between cows indicates that the behavioral response to water is likely an important, but poorly understood, consideration in the design of sprinkler systems used for summer cooling.     

高速纸机压榨部喷淋设备与节水技术

介绍了国外高速造纸机压榨部上的几种新型喷淋设备的原理与结构，及其应用在造纸工业清洁生产和节水方面的新技术。采用合适的喷淋水压和水温、耗水量、喷淋器的喷淋距离和角度、喷淋器的摆动速度等，能明显改进喷淋器的清洁和节水效果。还可以采用抗粘附化学品助剂和中性毛毯，防止毛毯受到污染，从而降低清洗喷淋的耗水量。     

高速纸机网部的喷淋设备与节水技术

分析了国外高速造纸机网部上几种新型喷淋设备的原理与结构,及其在造纸工业中清洁生产和节水方面的新技术。随着纸机车速的提高,网部节水更为困难,采用DuoC leaner喷嘴头,其耗水量只有6 L/m in,节水效果非常明显。尽量采用经微滤和膜过滤过的澄清水,可减少新鲜水的用量,也为网部节水提供了一种新的技术。     

国产纸机真空系统的配置特点及优化

通过对国内外几种典型纸板机真空系统的能力比较和各脱水元件工艺参数的对比分析,提出了真空系统的优化设计方案,从而在确保其高效脱水的前提下,降低电能消耗.     

喷淋装置在纸机上的应用与用水节水措施

阐述了当前纸机用冲洗、溢流喷淋管、润滑喷淋管、化学品喷淋管和高压针形喷淋管等喷淋装置的作用机理和主要作用,并将这些喷淋管在湿部、压榨部和干燥部等的安装位置和应用技术参数进行了全面的分析和介绍,同时论述了使用喷淋装置过程中的节水措施。     

纸机压榨部与BOM毛毯

本文叙述了吉林纸厂１１号纸机压榨部几次改造的情况，比较了几种不同压榨类型的使用和近几年使用ＢＯＭ毛毯情况，介绍了ＢＯＭ毛毯的特点及无纺毛毯的结构特点并，根据几年来的生产实践重点讨论了ＢＯＭ毛毯在使用过程中应注意的问题。     

Inhalation exposure to haloacetic acids and haloketones during showering

Inhalation exposure to haloacetic acids (HAAs) and haloketones (HKs) in contaminated drinking water occurs during showering. The size distribution of the aerosols generated by a shower was determined using an eight size-range particle counter, which measured particles from 0.1 to >2 microm. An exponential increase in aerosol numbers was observed while the shower water was on, while the aerosol numbers declined exponentially once the water was turned off. The half-lives of the shower aerosols were longer than 5 min after the shower water was turned off. Although the majority of the shower-generated aerosols were smaller than 0.3 microm, these aerosols only contributed approximately 2% to the measured total aerosol mass. The total shower-generated particulate HAA and HK concentrations collected on an open face filter were approximately 6.3 and 0.13 microg/m3, respectively, for shower water HAA and HK concentrations of 250 and 25 microg/L, respectively. The vapor-phase HK concentrations were 25-50 microg/m3. The estimate of the dose from inhalation exposure of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in the particulate phase indicate that they represent less than 1% of the ingestion dose, so inhalation is not expected to be an important exposure route to nonvolatile water contaminants or the portion of volatile DBPs that stay in the particulate phase, unless the lung is the target organ. The vapor-phase levels of volatile HKs, though, are significantly higher and can contribute greater than 10% of the ingestion dose during a shower. Thus, risk assessment to the these DBPs needs to consider the inhalation route.     

造纸机网部聚酯网高压冲洗

造纸机网部高压冲洗是保证聚酯网滤水性能和使用寿命的一项重要操作,高压冲洗效果与喷嘴与网面的距离及喷嘴的位置和喷射角度等操作参数的选择是密切相关的,本文在实验的基础上,对上述操作参数进行了研究。