Al（OH）3和Mg（OH）2阻燃EVA性能的研究

选用形貌、粒径尺寸及分布相近的两种无机阻燃剂氢氧化铝（Al（OH）3）和氢氧化镁（Mg（OH）2），研究了二者用量对乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物（EVA）复合材料的力学性能和阻燃性能的影响，并比较了添加红磷的复合材料的力学性能和阻燃性能。研究表明：Al（OH）3和Mg（OH）2用量对复合材料性能影响比较相似，随着阻燃剂用量的增加，复合材料的阻燃性能提高，拉伸强度增加，但断裂伸长率下降；通过锥形量热仪数据看出：Al（OH），的点燃时间短，最大热释放速率和平均热释放速率低，火行为指数大，阻燃效果比Mg（OH）2好；红磷的加入对复合材料力学性能影响不大，而对阻燃性能影响较大。Mg（OH）2与红磷复配能提高复合材料的氧指数，但是，从水平和垂直燃烧角度考虑，Al（OH）3与红磷之间的阻燃协效效果更好。     

PCL包覆Al(OH)_3填充PLA的结构与性能

采用高速混合机将低熔点的聚己内酯(PCL)包覆在Al(OH)3表面,然后通过熔融混炼法分别制备了包覆Al(OH)3、未包覆Al(OH)3以及纯PCL填充聚乳酸(PLA)的复合材料,研究了包覆前后的Al(OH)3及其与PLA复合材料的微观形态,以及复合材料的力学性能、流变性能、热性能和降解性能。结果表明:PCL包覆Al(OH)3填充PLA可以显著提高复合材料的拉伸性能,当Al(OH)3/PCL=100/20时,在PLA中加入5phr包覆Al(OH)3后,复合材料的断裂伸长率可以提高到176%;PCL能有效改善包覆Al(OH)3颗粒在PLA中的分散性及与PLA之间的界面结合力,同时,填料表面多余的PCL能以微球粒子形式分散在PLA中,起到良好的增塑作用;少量包覆Al(OH)3能显著提高PLA的结晶度降,低其结晶温度促,进其降解。     

磷酸铝包覆氧化铁黄颜料的制备及其耐温性能研究

氧化铁黄颜料受热易脱水变色,限制了其在温度较高环境下的应用。提高氧化铁黄的热稳定性具有很重要的意义。通过液相水解沉积的方法对氧化铁黄表面进行磷酸铝表面包覆,研究了磷酸铝包膜的工艺条件（pH、包膜量、温度）对氧化铁黄包覆的表面形貌和微观结构的影响。结果表明：在pH为7、磷酸铝的包膜量为13%、包覆温度为65 ℃时,在氧化铁黄表面的包覆效果最佳。采用色差法研究了在最佳条件下进行磷酸铝包覆的氧化铁黄颜料,结果表明其耐温性得到显著提高。     

超细改性Al（OH）3阻燃剂的研究

国产氢氧化铝经超细加工,表面改性和阻燃增效作用,合成的阻燃剂平均粒径可达到１～２μｍ,对ＥＰＤＭ的阻燃性能评价表明氧指数可达到３４～４４％,垂直燃烧达到美国ＵＬ－９４Ｖ－０级标准。     

PP/Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2复合材料阻燃性能研究

制备了PP（聚丙烯）/Al（OH）3/Mg（OH）2／硼酸锌和PP／Al（OH）3／Mg（OH）2阻燃复合材料,并测定了复合材料的氧指数（OI）、水平燃烧速度和烟密度。结果表明,OI随着阻燃剂质量分数的增加而升高,随着粒径的增大而降低;燃烧速度随着阻燃剂用量的增加而下降,随着粒径的增大先升后降;烟密度随着阻燃剂用量的增加而降低,随着粒径的增大而增大;添加硼酸锌后具有显著的抑烟效果。     

超细Al（OH）3对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响

以端羟基聚丁二烯和甲苯二异氰酸酯等为主要基材，以超细A1(OH)3作为阻燃消烟剂，制备了聚氨酯弹性体，研究了A1(OH)3粒度和含量对弹性体的物理力学性能和阻燃性能的影响，测试了材料的物理力学性能、可见光的透过率和燃烧性能。结果表明，通过改变填料的粒度和含量，可以大幅度提高材料的物理力学性能和阻燃消烟性能，当粒度(50％填料粒子的粒径)为7．12μm，含量为15份时，聚氨酯材料可以获得较佳的阻燃消烟效果和物理力学性能。     

Al（OH）3在UP树脂中的阻燃性能及应用

本文根据UP树脂的燃烧机理及阻燃理论,探讨了Al(OH)_3及与红磷共同作用在UP树脂中的阻燃效能。     

Al（OH）3粉体煅烧过程的物理化学性质变化

用Ｄ／ｍａｘ－３ＢＸ－射线衍射仪研究了α－Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３粉体在２００－１５００℃煅烧过程中的物相转变特征,并研究了煅物的比表面积、安息角、松装密度有效密度折光率、白度、灼减等物理化学性质的变化。     

表面原位化学组合改性Al（OH）3粉体的机理研究

采用表面原位化学组合的方法，在Al（OH）3表面分批结合上甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）、烷基酚醛树脂（PF）、丁腈橡胶（NBR）等几种改性剂，形成极性逐渐过渡的梯度界面层。电镜分析表明，Al（OH）3颗粒的平均粒径随改性剂种类的增加依次减小。通过红外光谱、热分析证明了改性剂在Al（OH）3的表面原位形成多层化学键合结构，得到“硬核-软壳”结构的粒子，从而提出表面原位化学组合改性Al（OH）3粉体的微观相界面模型，解释了表面原位化学组合方法改性Al（OH）3填充PVC复合材料具有良好力学性能的原因。     

包覆型耐温氧化铁黄颜料制备技术研究进展

氧化铁黄颜料受热易脱水变色,因此其在塑料加工和烘烤型涂料等高温场合中应用受到限制。本文对国内外有关通过表面包覆方法提高氧化铁黄颜料耐温性的相关技术进行了综述,涉及的方法包括水热法、沉淀法、聚合反应包覆法等,并对各种方法的优缺点进行了比较。此外,氧化铁黄原位改性合成、固相法合成铁酸盐等耐温黄色颜料新技术将有广阔的市场前景。     

Hydrotalcite synthesis via co-precipitation reactions using MgO and Al(OH)3 precursors

Hydrotalcite (Mg₆Al₂(OH)₁₆(CO₃)·4H₂O), also known as aluminum-magnesium layered double hydroxide (LDH) or anionic clay, is a synthetic compound that was broadly investigated in the past decade due to its many potential applications, such as clinic anti-acid, catalyst support, adsorptive flotation, flame retardant, acid scavengers in polymer composites and as a raw material for high temperature insulating porous ceramics. This compound is usually produced by controlled chemical equilibrium shifting processes (such as co-precipitation) that requires various other purification steps (centrifugation, for example) and careful drying (freeze drying or ultrafiltration). In this paper, a novel route to synthesize hydrotalcite is presented, based on the hydration, dissolution and co-precipitation reactions carried out almost simultaneously in aqueous suspension containing reactive magnesium oxide and aluminum hydroxide. Compared to other methods (the regular co-precipitation, particularly), it presents various technological advantages such as low time-energy consumption, no further purification step requirement, high output and competitive production costs.     

滴加法制备铁黄颜料工艺研究

采用滴加法制备铁黄颜料，即采用硫铁矿烧渣直接制得的硫酸亚铁及硫酸亚铁结晶母液为原料。用空气作氧化剂，用氨水作沉淀剂制品种；在二步氧化中滴加氨水和硫酸亚铁结晶母液。探讨了亚铁浓度、空气流量等对晶种形成的影响，以及晶种比、空气流量、溶液pH、硫酸铵浓度等因素对铁黄生成的影响。确定了晶种制备和二步氧化的最佳工艺条件，即二步氧化中溶液pH控制在2．5～3．5，亚铁浓度控制在0．18～0．25mol／L的范围。检测结果表明：铁黄各项指标均达到原化工部HG／T2249--1991一级品标准。     

PP/AI(OH)_3/Mg(OH)_2复合材料阻燃性能研究

制备了PP(聚丙烯)/Al(OH)_3/Mg(OH)_2/硼酸锌和PP/Al(OH)_3/Mg(OH)_2阻燃复合材料,并测定了复合材料的氧指数(OI)、水平燃烧速度和烟密度。结果表明,OI随着阻燃剂质量分数的增加而升高,随着粒径的增大而降低;燃烧速度随着阻燃剂用量的增加而下降,随着粒径的增大先升后降;烟密度随着阻燃剂用量的增加而降低,随着粒径的增大而增大;添加硼酸锌后具有显著的抑烟效果。     

Evaluation of commercial Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3 and TiO2 as antimicrobial additives in thermoplastic elastomers

Health concerns have driven the production of antimicrobial materials aimed at controlling the spread of diseases. Styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS)-based thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) incorporated with titanium dioxide (TiO₂), magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) and aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)₃) are one way to produce antimicrobial polymers. The purpose of this study is to characterise SEBS-based TPE compounds incorporated with TiO₂, Mg(OH)₂ and Al(OH)₃. The mechanical, optical and antimicrobial characteristics of TPE samples were investigated. The differences between the means in the mechanical properties of all loaded materials were not significant. The optical results show a reduction in polymer transparency, with total opacity after the incorporation of TiO₂. Among the additives tested, TiO₂ offered the best antimicrobial action. There was no fungal growth on the loaded TPE surface. The incorporation of TiO₂ in SEBS-based TPE materials may be used in the industry to develop antimicrobial products, which, when complemented with additional disinfection treatments, can contribute to public health.     

PP/Al(OH)_3/Mg(OH)_2复合材料的导热性能

制备了PP（聚丙烯）/Al(OH)₃/Mg(OH)₂导热复合材料,并用稳态平板导热系数测试仪在不同测试温度下测定该复合材料的导热系数。结果表明,加入Al(OH)₃和Mg(OH)₂使PP导热系数提高。复合材料的导热系数随着填料含量的增加而非线性提高,随着测试温度的升高而非线性提高,随着填料粒径的增大而非线性增大。     

Effects of the coating characteristics of Y(OH)3 on the electrochemical performance of spherical Ni(OH)2 at elevated temperature

The effects of the coating characteristics of Y(OH)₃ on the high-temperature performance of spherical Ni(OH)₂ were studied. The coating was performed by chemical surface precipitation under different conditions, and the characterization of Y(OH)₃-coating layer was evaluated accordingly. The electrochemical properties of three as-prepared samples with different coating surface were characterized and compared at different temperature. The results reveal that the sample with dense and porous surface retains the excellent performance at elevated temperatures, and the necessary coating amount is only 0.55 at.%. The mechanism analysis suggests that the chemical nature and morphology of the coating layer plays an important role in oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The coating surface with dense and porous morphology, larger relative surface content and higher utilization ratio of yttrium is more effective on controlling OER and improving the high-temperature performance of Ni(OH)₂ electrode for nickel-metal hydride (Ni/MH) batteries.     

Ni(OH)2 versus Ni/Al layered double hydroxides as matrices to immobilize glucose oxidase

Ni hydroxide and Ni/Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) were electrochemically deposited on Pt electrodes in the presence of glucose oxidase in the electrolytic solution, in order to verify if the performances of the two biosensors were dependent on the Ni content of the inorganic matrix used to entrap the enzyme. The comparative study was conducted by recording the current response due to the oxidation of H₂O₂, produced enzymatically after glucose additions, at +0.45 V versus SCE, pH 7.0 and T = 25 °C.A higher sensitivity and a narrower linearity range were observed for nickel hydroxide based biosensor (up to 5 mM against 15 mM exhibited when LDH was the immobilizing matrix). These results suggested that the amount of the enzyme entrapped on the electrode surface was higher when the matrix was Ni(OH)₂ and they were confirmed by EQCM measurements. On the contrary, the selectivity displayed by the two biosensors in the presence of interfering compounds, such as acetaminophen, citric, uric and ascorbic acids, was almost the same.     

Mg(OH)2/Al(OH)3/包覆红磷阻燃SEBS/PS共混物

研究了Al(OH)3,Mg(OH)2包覆红磷(10份)对苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)/聚苯乙烯(PS)阻燃性能的影响.结果表明,Mg(OH)2用量为80份时阻燃级别达V-2,氧指数达到29%,但力学性能较差;AI(OH)3用量为80份时阻燃效果不很理想,但对力学性能影响较小;Mg(OH)2/Al(OH)3/包覆红磷体系中Mg(OH)2用量大于Al(OH)3时综合阻燃效果最好.阻燃体系的热释放速率降低,有效燃烧热出现峰值延后.