热处理工艺对TA15钛合金冲击性能的影响

热处理工艺是调整TA15钛合金显微组织和力学性能的重要手段之一。以往文献较多地研究了热处理制度对TA15钛合金拉伸性能的影响。研究了退火温度对TA15钛合金锻件、棒材显微组织和冲击性能的影响,目的是通过改变退火温度调整合金的显微组织参量,改善TA15钛合金冲击性能。其结果表明:提高退火温度可以增加初生α相尺寸和次生α相片层厚度,从而提高合金的冲击性能。特别是对小规格锻件,退火温度从810℃提高到850℃,冲击值可提高10 J.cm-2以上。     

退火温度对TC4ELI钛合金大规格环材组织和力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、万能材料试验机和金属摆锤式冲击试验机研究了退火温度对TC4ELI钛合金大规格环材(Φ3384 mm/Φ3300 mm×1950 mm)的显微组织和力学性能的影响.显微组织分析结果表明:退火温度在850℃以下时,TC4ELI钛合金大规格环材退火后的显微组织与热加工态的显微组织基本相同;900℃退火后,TC...     

新型TC21钛合金热处理工艺参数与显微组织演变的关系研究

TC21钛合金是新型的高强韧损伤容限型钛合金，其模锻件为网篮组织，锻后热处理工艺采用双重退火工艺。本研究采用金相法、SEM等方法系统研究了TC21钛合金模锻件的锻后热处理工艺和显微组织演变规律。试验分析了TC21钛合金模锻件锻后第1次退火加热温度、第2次退火加热温度和保温时间等工艺参数条件下的初生α相数量、形状以及网篮组织形貌特征的变化规律，为TC21钛合金模锻件获得高强、高韧和损伤容限优良综合性能奠定基础。     

热处理对激光选区熔化TC4钛合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

研究了激光选区熔化(SLM) TC4钛合金沉积态和退火态显微组织的特征及其对力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:合金组织沿激光选区熔化成形高度方向呈现外延生长,形成柱状晶,晶内存在大量的针状马氏体α’相。退火后,晶内的针状α’相转变为α+β板条组织。随着退火温度的升高,组织中α相含量逐渐降低,α片层逐渐粗化,β相含量逐渐升高;室温拉伸强度逐渐降低,塑性逐渐升高,显微硬度逐渐降低。经过800℃×2 h/FC退火热处理后,激光选区熔化成形TC4钛合金具有最佳的强度与塑性匹配。     

热处理对航空用TC4钛合金薄板力学性能影响研究

研究了TC4钛合金薄板经普通退火、α+β两相区固溶加时效处理及β单相区固溶加普通退火处理后,显微组织与力学性能的关系。结果表明,普通退火处理对TC4钛合金板材显微组织的影响较小,α+β两相区固溶加时效处理后能够获得双态组织,而β单相区固溶加普通退火处理能获得粗大的魏氏组织;其中双态组织的TC4钛合金薄板表现出优异的拉伸性能,而魏氏组织的TC4钛合金薄板具有较低的疲劳裂纹扩展速率及较高的裂纹扩展阻力。     

激光沉积修复TA15/TC17热处理组织与力学性能

研究了不同退火热处理温度对激光沉积修复TA15/TC17钛合金显微组织及力学性能的影响规律。研究表明:TC17基体经退火热处理后双态组织中α片层长度、宽度及长宽比无明显变化。TA15修复区沉积态组织为粗大的原始β柱状晶,晶粒内为α/β网篮组织;当退火温度由610℃,630℃升到650℃后,TA15修复区α片层宽度明显增大,体积分数逐渐减少,长宽比下降,呈短棒状分布。经退火热处理后修复试样抗拉强度与塑性均明显提高,当退火温度为650℃时,抗拉强度最高为1102 MPa,与沉积态相比提高7. 1%,达到TC17锻件的98. 4%;断后伸长率为13. 5%,与沉积态相比明显提高,且高于TC17与TA15锻件标准;退火温度变化对显微硬度影响不大。     

热处理对IMI834铸造用高温钛合金组织与性能的影响

本文研究了热处理工艺对铸造IMI834高温钛合金组织及力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,IMI834高温钛合金铸态组织以集束状的片状α组织为主,热处理后的晶粒得到细化,适当的热处理制度可以有效提高合金的室温及高温强度。采用1020℃×1.5h,AC;700℃×2h,AC的双重退火工艺可以得到较理想的显微组织和良好的综合性能。     

TA15ELI显微组织及损伤容限性能研究

采用一火β区热轧和一火两相区上部温度热轧获得了片状组织的TA15ELI钛合金厚板，通过两相区900℃、930℃、950℃和β区980℃退火热处理进一步调整合金显微组织和损伤容限性能，测定了不同热处理状态下合金的显微组织特征参数和室温拉伸性能、断裂韧性、疲劳裂纹扩展速率，分析了显微组织对损伤容限性能的影响关系。研究发现：两相区退火，随着退火温度的升高，TA15ELI钛合金组织中初始β晶粒尺寸和α集束尺寸基本不变，α片平均厚度有所增加，合金强度和塑性均有所下降，da／dN降低，KIC提高；合金在β区980℃退火较两相区退火具有更好的损伤容限性能和综合性能。     

两种典型热处理工艺对TC18钛合金组织性能的影响

采用两阶段退火和固溶强化两种典型的热处理制度,通过力学性能检测、显微组织分析和XRD物相分析,系统研究了整体热处理工艺对TC18钛合金大型锻件组织和性能的影响。结果表明：两阶段退火态的组织不仅满足强度和塑性匹配,而且断裂韧性墨。值可达75MPa·m^1/2;固溶强化热处理后的组织虽具有比前者更高的强度,但塑性损失较大,断裂韧性Kk值较低。     

退火制度对TC25钛合金棒材组织和力学性能的影响

研究了不同退火制度对TC25钛合金棒材显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：TC25钛合金棒材组织随退火温度的升高逐渐由等轴组织转变为双态组织,经920~940℃/1 h AC＋550℃/6 h AC双重退火处理后获得等轴组织,经960~980℃/1 h AC＋550℃/6 h AC双重退火处理后获得双态组织。TC25钛合金棒材的较佳热处理温度为960~980℃/1 h AC＋550℃/6 h AC,经该制度处理后棒材的室温拉伸性能和高温（500℃）拉伸性能均优良。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.