喷射成形高强度AZ91镁合金的组织与力学性能

在保护气氛中采用喷射成形制备技术制备了形状完整的AZ91镁合金沉积圆柱坯.对沉积坯进行显微组织分析,结果表明:喷射沉积AZ91镁合金具有均匀、细小的等轴晶组织,平均晶粒尺寸约17 μm,有效地改善了离异共晶β-Mg17Al12相在晶界的偏析;挤压变形过程引发的动态再结晶使喷射成形AZ91镁合金的组织进一步细化;经175 ℃时效时,析出相中多数为不连续析出,连续析出所占比例很小;后期阶段时效过程加快,长时间时效未见片状及针状析出物球化现象.喷射成形AZ91 镁合金经挤压变形和T6处理后,抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到435和360 MPa,伸长率为9.2%,实现了强度和韧性的同步大幅度提高.     

Si对喷射成形AZ91镁合金微观组织的影响

在保护气氛中采用喷射成形技术制各AZ91和AZ91+2.0%Si镁合金,采用OM、SEM、XRD及TEM等技术分别对合金的微观组织进行观察和分析.结果表明:与相同成分的铸造镁合金相比,喷射成形技术显著细化合金组织;喷射成形沉积态AZ91镁合金具有均匀、细小的等轴晶组织,平均晶粒尺寸约为17 μm,离异共晶β-Mg17Al12相在晶界的偏析被有效改善:对于喷射成形AZ91+2.0%Si镁合金,喷射成形过程中高的冷却速度抑制了Mg2Si相的长大,细小的Mg2Si相呈现为近球形或多边形态,与基体结合良好且弥散分布,并可以作为а-Mg异质彤核核心,使合金组织得到充分细化.     

Ca，Y对AZ91镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

向AZ91镁合金中加入具有阻燃作用的合金元素Ca和Y，研究了单独加入Ca和同时加入Ca，Y对AZ91合金铸态显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：向AZ91合金中单独加入Ca可使该合金的铸态组织明显细化，当Ca含量大于1ω％时，合金铸态组织中生成了Al2Ca新相，使该合金的抗拉强度得到提高。在此基础上加入少量的Y（0．10％-0．50％）（质量分数，下同）可使合金的铸态组织进一步细化，该合金的抗拉强度随Y含最的增加先提高后降低。     

C2 Cl6对AZ91镁合金显微组织及力学性能的影响

使用光学显微镜（OM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM），研究了C2Cl6对AZ91镁合金铸态显微组织与力学性能的影响，并利用Imagetool软件测量了晶粒尺寸和晶粒面积。结果表明，少量的C2Cl6（0．3％-0．8％）对α-Mg晶粒有明显地细化作用，平均晶粒尺寸由106μm降至约53μm，晶粒面积也明显减小，C2Cl6的最佳加入量为0．3％。而且，C2Cl6加入导致β-Mg17Al12相弥散细小。此外，显微组织的改善导致合金的力学性能明显提高。     

钇对AZ91镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

研究了Y对AZ91镁合金组织和性能的影响.试验结果显示:Mg-7.5%Al-0.7%Zn-0.15%Mn-xY铸造镁合金的显微组织主要由α(Mg)基体、β(Mg17Al12)相、λ(Al2Y)相组成.一定量的Y能明显改善合金的组织,有效提高合金的室温和高温力学性能.过量的Y则使合金组织粗大,降低合金的力学性能.     

钇对AZ91镁合金晶粒大小显微组织及力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等分析测试手段,研究了添加Y(0.3%~1.3%,质量分数)对AZ91镁合金晶粒大小、显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,随Y添加量增加合金晶粒尺寸先由0.419mm增大到1.117mm后减小到0.864mm,共晶组织先由网状分布变为离散岛状分布,随后又有聚集为断网状的趋势。当Y添加量为0.7%时,合金共晶组织最细小,晶粒最大,Y与合金中Al反应生成块状新相Al2Y。向AZ91镁合金中添加少量Y后,常温下铸态合金力学性能下降,高温(200℃)下合金力学性能增强。     

复合添加Ce、Sr和La对AZ91镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

研究了Ce、Sr和La对AZ91镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,复合添加Ce、Sr、La可显著细化镁合金铸态组织,使呈网状分布的β-Mg17Al12相断裂成块状或粒状,均匀分布在基体中,并在合金组织中生成杆状或者针状的Al4Ce和Al4La相。复合添加0.5%Ce-0.3%La-0.2%Sr的镁合金显微组织最佳,并且抗拉强度达到了270 MPa,伸长率达到了7.75%。     

AZ113镁合金显微组织和力学性能的研究

采用OM、SEM和XRD等手段对AZ113镁合金铸态、挤压态、热处理状态下合金相的种类、形态、数量和分布进行了分析,探讨了各种状态下AZ113镁合金的力学性能;同时研究了短时高温对AZ113镁合金的组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,AZ113镁合金挤压后,晶粒由原来的120μm减小到30μm,抗拉强度从212.8MPa提高到353.0MPa,断后伸长率从2.8%提高到9.5%;T4处理后,合金伸长率达到最大值(10.3%);T5处理后,合金的抗拉强度达到最大值(420.3MPa);T6处理后,合金的抗拉强度和伸长率分别为365.1MPa和8%.     

Sn对AZ91镁合金显微组织与力学性能的影响

研究了Sn对AZ91镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：合金中加入Sn形成的颗粒相MgzSn使合金组织晶粒变细,使晶间组织β相由连续网状变得不连续,并且提高了合金的力学性能。当Sn含量为1％时,合金的力学性能最佳,抗拉强度为187MPa,硬度为76HV,与未加Sn的aZ91相比,分别提高了30％和31％。     

Nd和Ce对AZ91镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

利用SEM和XRD等方法研究了总含量为2.5%的单独或复合加入Nd和Ce的AZ91镁合金的铸态显微组织和相组成,并测试和分析了合金的室温力学性能.结果表明,单独加Nd和单独加Ce的AZ91合金中形成的稀土相分别是块状的Al2Nd相和针状的Al11Ce3相,二者混合加入时两种稀土相同时出现,两种稀土相的相对含量与两种RE元素的相对含量相关.当混合加入Nd和Ce时,合金的Al2Nd相中的部分Nd和A11Ce3相中的部分Ce分别被Ce和Nd置换;Nd和Ce的加入可以明显改善AZ91合金的力学性能,其原因与稀土相消耗基体中部分Al、RE的晶粒细化、弥散强化等有关.其中AZ91+1.0Nd+1.5Ce合金的力学性能最好,其铸态合金的抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到240 MPa和11%.     

Hot rolling characteristics of spray-formed AZ91 magnesium alloy

AZ91 magnesium alloy was prepared by spray forming. The spray-deposited alloy was subsequently hot-rolled with a 80% reduction at 350℃. The microstructural features of the as-spray-deposited and hot-rolled alloy were examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The results show that the spray-formed AZ91 magnesium alloy has, compared with the as-cast ingot, a finer microstructure with less interrnetallic phase Mg17Al12 dispersed in the matrix due to fast cooling and solidification rates of spray forming process, and, therefore showing excellent workability. It can be hot-rolled with nearly 20% reduction for one pass at lower temperatures （330-360℃）, and the total reduction can reach 50% prior to annealing. After proper thermo-mechanical treatment, the spray-formed AZ91 magnesium alloy exhibits outstanding mechanical properties.     

固相合成AZ91D镁合金的组织和性能

利用固相合成方法在挤压比为11∶1的条件下,将AZ91D镁合金屑分别在573、623、673和723 K时制备成试样,对试样进行微观组织观察和力学性能测试。结果表明:在573~673 K时,AZ91D镁合金的抗拉强度和延伸率随合成温度的升高而增大,高于673 K时其抗拉强度和延伸率随合成温度的升高而降低,在合成温度为673 K时,其抗拉强度最高,达到384.4 MPa;在热挤出过程中氧化层被均匀弥散在组织中且发生动态再结晶,使固相合成AZ91D镁合金的力学性能与铸态和用铸锭热挤出制备的镁合金相比明显提高,在合成温度为673 K时,其延伸率为5.8%,比铸态增加152%;AZ91D镁合金屑在挤出过程中不能完全结合且出现较多的微裂纹,使其延伸率与铸锭热挤出制备的AZ91D镁合金相比低44%。     

连铸AZ31镁合金的热挤压变形组织与性能(英文)

文章研究了电磁连铸AZ31镁合金经热挤压变形后的微观组织和力学性能。结果表明,挤压过程中的动态再结晶能够显著细化晶粒,局部细晶区的平均晶粒为2μm。与铸态合金相比,挤压后的AZ31镁合金具有更细小的晶粒和更均匀的微观组织。挤压变形后产生强烈的基面织构;挤压后材料的力学性能显著提高。屈服强度、抗拉强度和断面收缩率随着挤压比的增大而增大。挤压比为25时,屈服强度、抗拉强度和断面收缩率分别为259MPa,357MPa和30.5%,比铸态合金分别提高了86.33%,64.52%和67.40%。随着挤压比的增大,晶粒细化效果更为明显,微观组织更均匀。断口形貌分析表明,挤压变形后材料由韧脆混合型断裂,转变为韧性断裂。     

AZ91筒形件旋压的组织衍化及微纳力学性能

本文采用强力正旋的方式对AZ91镁合金筒形件进行多道次旋压,通过光学显微镜(OM)和配有电子背散射衍射和能谱的扫描电子显微镜(SEM-EBSD-EDS)对不同旋压道次的微观组织衍化进行观察,结合EDS和X-Ray衍射仪（XRD）对筒形件的物相进行分析,通过纳米压痕试验仪对不同旋压道次镁合金的微区力学性能进行测试。研究结果表明：当AZ91镁合金筒形件的壁厚减薄率达到88.3%时,表面成形良好,无裂纹、褶皱产生;在旋压的初期,主要为外壁镁合金发生塑性变形,随着旋压变形量的增加,筒形件内外壁镁合金变形趋于一致,组织均匀,脆性相Mg17Al12发生破碎,呈流线形弥散地分布在镁合金内部,同时镁合金晶粒也得到细化,并发生动态再结晶;随着变形量的增加,筒形件的强度提高,硬度最高可达1.036 GPa,强化方式主要为第二相弥散强化和细晶强化。     

挤压温度对AZ91D合金组织性能的影响

为提高AZ91D镁合金的综合性能,对其进行热挤压变形。分别采用300、330、360、390、420℃五个挤压温度,挤压比为45,在6300kN快速成形油压机上进行正挤压,并对挤压试样进行拉伸测试和金相观察。结果表明,热挤压变形过程发生动态再结晶,晶粒细化并均匀化,有效提高了合金综合性能。并且随温度升高,抗拉强度和屈服强度都有升高趋势,但是自390℃之后,虽然再结晶彻底,但晶粒逐渐长大,所以屈服强度继续增大而抗拉强度降低。390℃下挤压,其抗拉强度可达390MPa,屈服强度达288MPa,伸长率达11%,为较好的工艺方案。     

Effect of extrusion ratio on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy recycled from scraps by hot extrusion

A method for recycling AZ91D magnesium alloy scraps directly by hot extrusion was studied. Various microstructural analyses were performed using the techniques of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS). Microstructural observations revealed that all the recycled specimens consisted of fine grains due to the dynamic recrystallization. The main strengthening mechanism of the recycled specimen was grain refinement strengthening and homogeneous distribution of oxide precipitates. The interfaces of individual scraps of extruded materials were not identified when the scraps were extruded with the extrusion ratio of 40:1. Oxidation layers of the scraps were broken into pieces by high compressive and shear forces under the extrusion ratio of 40:1. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure increased with increasing the extrusion ratio. Recycled specimens with the extrusion ratio of 40:1 showed higher ultimate tensile strength of 342.61 MPa and higher elongation to failure of 11.32%, compared with those of the cast specimen.     

合金化对AZ91D镁合金组织与力学性能的影响

利用光学显微镜（OM）和X射线衍射（XRD）分析了分别加入合金化元素Ce，Si和Ca后AZ91D合金的铸态组织和相组成，测试了合金室温拉伸性能和硬度。结果表明：加入Ce和Si后合金组织中分别生成杆状Al4Ce和汉字状Mg2Si相，而加入Ca后无新相生成，加入的Ca主要固溶于β相中；Al4Ce和Mg2Si相在合金凝固过程中被推移到生长界面，Ca原子偏聚在生长界面前沿，从而阻碍枝晶的自由生长，细化合金铸态组织：Ce和Ca的加入可提高合金室温综合力学性能，且前者提高程度要高于后者提高程度，而Si的加入却降低合金室温综合力学性能。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy by expendable pattern shell casting with different mechanical vibration amplitudes and pouring temperatures

To refine the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties of AZ91 D alloy by expendable pattern shell casting(EPSC),the mechanical vibration method was applied in the solidification process of the alloy.The effects of amplitude and pouring temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 D magnesium alloy were studied.The results indicated that the mechanical vibration remarkably improved the sizes,morphologies and distributions of the primaryα-Mg phase andβ-Mg17 Al12 phase,and the densification and tensile properties of the AZ91 D alloy.With an increase in amplitude,the microstructures were gradually refined,resulting in a continuous increase in mechanical properties of the AZ91 D alloy.While,with the increase of pouring temperature,the microstructures were continuously coarsened,leading to an obvious decrease of the mechanical properties.The tensile strength and yield strength of the AZ91 D alloy with a vibration amplitude of 1.0 mm and a pouring temperature of 730℃were 60%and 38%higher than those of the alloy without vibration,respectively.     

AZ91镁合金热轧退火过程中的织构演变

将具有随机初始织构的工业 AZ91镁合金在450°C 进行均匀化热处理。经热处理后,合金中出现弱的{0001}-{1010}-{1120}三重纤维织构。经400°C热轧后,合金的变形织构是典型的(0001)基面,其基极沿轧制方向分裂。在450°C 退火36 h后,其残余变形织构中的基极沿基面分布更均匀,没有出现晶粒的异常长大。     

Enhanced corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of AZ91 magnesium alloy developed by ultrasonic-assisted friction stir processing

In this study, ultrasonic-assisted friction stir processing (UaFSP) and friction stir processing (FSP) were conducted on AZ91 magnesium alloy sheets, and their microstructure, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties were comparatively investigated. Scanning electron microscopy, open-circuit potential, and potentiodynamic polarization were used to study the corrosion behavior of the material. Electrochemical measurements reveal that employing UaFSP, the corrosion rate of the AZ91 magnesium alloy was significantly reduced where lower corrosion current density for UaFSP specimens was obtained (2.09 µA/cm²) compared with 3.42 µA/cm² for the FSP and 6.82 µA/cm² for the base metal. This is mainly attributed to the alteration of morphology and better distribution of the β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase during UaFSP. By using ultrasonic vibration in FSP, a finer grain structure was obtained, which improved the tensile strength and hardness of the AZ91 Mg alloy.