聚合物无机纳米复合材料的研究进展

介绍了纳米粒子的特性和无机纳米粒子对聚合物改性的机理。总结了聚合物无机纳米复合材料的制备方法。     

聚合物基纳米复合材料的制备与研究

综述了聚合物基纳米复合材料的分类及制备方法．分别从无机纳米粒子改性、蒙脱土插层改性以及碳纳米管改性等方面阐述了近年来聚合物基纳米复合材料的研究状况。纳米粒子团聚是聚合物基纳米复合材料制备过程中存在的主要问题之一。实现工业化是聚合物基纳米复合材料的发展方向。     

纳米科技在聚合物改性方面的应用

无机纳米粒子改性的聚合物复合材料综合了无机、有机、纳米材料的优良特性,在许多领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文概述了国内外无机纳米粒子对聚合物改性,尤其是增强增韧的应用成果及最新进展,并分析了改性机理,指出了国内纳米粒子改性聚合物的发展前景与方向。     

纳米技术在聚合物改性方面的研究进展

综述了国内外纳米技术在聚合物改性方面的最新进展。无机纳米粒子改性聚合物的方法包括；直接生成法，原位生成法，插层复合法和反相微乳液法，其中直接生成法简单易行，但解决不了纳米粒子的团聚问题，其余方法则可使纳米粒子均匀分散在聚合物中形成纳米复合材料，无机纳米粒子改性后的聚合物既具有突出的力学性能，又有许多功能性，综合了无机，有机，纳米材料的优良性能，在许多领域有广阔的应用前景。     

纳米科学技术进展和前景（Ⅲ）—兼论在化工新材料（含涂料）领域的应用

２．１．３ 聚合物基纳米复合材料的小结 除上述聚合物／无机纳米粒子复合材料、聚合物／有机插层改性无机纳米复合材料外,还有聚合物／聚合物分子复合材料。聚合物基纳米复合材料性能与用途见表５;聚合物基纳米复合材料的制法和应用汇总于图７;团聚的纳米粒子分散在聚合物基体中见图８;接技纳米粒子分散在聚合物基体中的可能结构见图９。２．２ 在医药、生化、环保上应用前景２．２．１ 在药物输运系统上应用 纳米技术导致药物制造和输运的根本改变,有望影响下个１０年全世界价值３ ８００亿美元的药物市场的一半,其中美国公司的市场…     

异氰酸酯改性纳米粒子的制备方法与应用

综述了异氰酸酯改性纳米粒子的制备方法、分散稳定性及其接枝聚合物形成纳米复合材料的性能特征。概括了经接枝改性后形成的有机/无机杂化纳米复合材料在涂料、生物医疗等领域广泛的应用前景和研究价值,提出了今后纳米复合材料研究的重点和方向。     

纳米粒子改性丙烯酸酯制备复合材料

作为分散相的纳米粒子以独立的相态形式通过改性,分散到作为连续相的丙烯酸酯聚合物基体中形成一种既保留无机材料的热稳定性与硬度,又兼具聚合物韧性与介电性能的复合材料,该过程不是无机相与有机相的简单混合,而是在纳米尺度内两相的有机复合。综述了近年来纳米粒子改性丙烯酸酯复合材料,重点介绍了纳米粒子种类、纳米粒子表面改性、复合材料制备方法及其工业应用等方面的研究成果,并对其发展方向进行了分析和展望。     

纳米CaCO3改性聚合物基复合材料研究进展

纳米碳酸钙是一种原料丰富、性能优良的无机填料,在聚合物填充改性方面,纳米碳酸钙填充聚合物基复合材料具有一些普通填充体系无法达到的优良性能。本文综述了纳米碳酸钙在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚氯乙烯和聚丙烯等材料中的改性研究进展,并对纳米填充粒子和聚合物基体的相容性及增强增韧机理进行了讨论。     

无机/聚合物杂化纳米复合材料的研究综述

无机/聚合物杂化纳米复合材料是纳米材料发展的一个重要方面,本文介绍了纳米粒子效应,以及纳米复合材料的特殊性能,并详细介绍了无机/聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方法,最后对无机/聚合物纳米复合材料研究进行了展望.     

无机填料对聚合物复合材料摩擦学性能的影响

参阅大量英语文献的基础上,简述了纳米无机粒子填料对聚合物及聚合物复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。主要包括微米/纳米无机粒子尺寸、含量及无机粒子与其它材料的协同作用对聚合物基复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,对科研工作者深入探索和研究聚合物复合材料的摩擦学性能有一定的参考价值。     

Particulate multi‐phase polymeric nanocomposites

The present research focuses on a model system of a blend of two immiscible polymers containing an inorganic nanofiller, exploring the effect of various melt processing procedures on structuring and on the resulting properties. Binary polypropylene/alumina and ternary polypropylene/nylon/alumina composites were produced by batch compounding under various processing conditions and compositions. Several types of polypropylene and alumina grades were examined. The alumina nanoparticles vary primarily in their mean particle size (13, 50, 500 nm). The morphology of the nanocomposites produced and their thermal, and rheological properties were studied. It was found that under certain processing conditions the nanoparticles significantly affect the morphology of the polypropylene/nylon polymer blend causing compatibilization. Also, the alumina nanoparticles affect the melt viscosity of the polypropylene/nylon blends, whereas their effect on either polypropylene or nylon melts was found insignificant. POLYM. COMPOS., 27:425–430, 2006. © 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Hybrid thermoplastic composites using ceramic reinforcements

Abstract

Polyethylene-based and polypropylene-based composites, incorporating silica nanoparticles and geopolymers, were prepared by melt compounding. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images indicate that the silica nanoparticles do not distribute uniformly as fine particles in the matrix, but are unevenly distributed as clusters. As a result, the tensile properties of those composites are inferior to those of the matrix polymer. A novel concept of in situ formation of a reinforcing phase has been investigated as a method of resolving that problem. The reinforcing elements are microcrystalline phases developed during melt processing of mixtures of geopolymer precursors with polyethylene or polypropylene. Preliminary tensile test data on injection moulded specimens show some improvement in mechanical properties of both geopolymer–polyethylene and geopolymer–polypropylene composites relative to the matrix polymers. Scanning electron micrographs clearly show the presence in the composites of a nanoscale acicular crystalline structure that is thought to act as a fibre-like reinforcement.     

Advances in Thermal and Mechanical Behaviors of PP/Clay Nanocomposites

This article presents a review of several research works on polypropylene/clay nanocomposites. In this study, we investigate the influence of preparation and treatment parameters of polypropylene/clay nanocomposite on the resulting thermomechanical properties. Compared to pure polymers and conventional composites, composites based on nanoclay particles are increasingly developed in industrial and academic fields as they promote an improvement of the starting polymers properties such as high modulus, heat resistance, gas impermeability, and biodegradability. The improvement of these properties depends on different parameters such as the content of clay and the nanoclay/polymer interaction.     

聚合物/新型导热填料复合电介质的研究进展

综述了非常规新型导热粒子如纳米金刚石、碳化物、铁电陶瓷及其他无机功能粒子及其填充聚合物电介质的最新研究进展,重点探讨了新型导热粒子的含量、表面改性、加工方式等对聚合物复合材料的导热及介电性能的影响。介绍和分析了基于有机分子晶体为连续声子传递通路改性聚合物导热性能的研究及机理;在基体树脂内利用无机导热粒子及有机分子晶体可构筑连续的声子导热通路,从而达到降低界面热阻、提高体系热导率的目的。相比传统导热粒子,新型导热粒子在提高绝缘聚合物热导率的同时,还赋予体系其他物理性能如磁性、优良介电性能及储能等性能。     

聚丙烯复合材料声学特性研究进展

针对聚丙烯复合材料的声学特性,对近年此类材料的研究工作进行了回顾。以增强材料种类为区分,重点综述了玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料、天然纤维/聚丙烯复合材料和无机填料聚丙烯复合材料吸隔声性能的相关研究,归纳了目前所报道的吸声材料的相关机理,总结了影响吸声性能的主要因素以及不同材料对不同频率噪声源的应用效果。     

Interfacial effects in polypropylene–silica nanocomposites

Grafted inorganic nanoparticles can greatly improve the mechanical performance of polymers. To examine the effects of the interfacial characteristics generated by the grafting polymer bonded to nanoparticle surfaces, we chemically grafted nano‐silica with different polymers and then melt‐mixed it with polypropylene (PP). We extracted the homopolymers produced during the graft polymerization from the grafted products before the composites were manufactured to get rid of the side effects of the nongrafting polymers. We tailored the interfacial interaction between the grafted nano‐SiO₂ and PP matrix by changing the amount of the grafting polymers on the nanoparticles, that is, the grafting percentage. Mechanical tests indicated that all the composites incorporated with grafted nano‐SiO₂ particles possessed much higher impact strength than untreated SiO₂/PP composites and neat PP. The greatest contribution of the particles was made at a low grafting percentage. Tensile measurements showed that the treated nanoparticles could provide PP with stiffening, strengthening, and toughening effects at a rather low filler content (typically 0.8 vol %) because of the enhanced interfacial adhesion resulting from molecular entanglement and interdiffusion between the grating polymers on the nanoparticles and matrix macromolecules. The presence of grafting polymers on the nanoparticles provided the composites with a tailorable interphase. The tensile performance of the composites was sensitive to the nature of the grafting polymers. Basically, a hard interface was beneficial to stress transfer, whereas a soft one hindered the development of cavities in the matrix. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1771–1781, 2004     

减摩耐磨用无机颗粒／高分子复合材料研究的进展

综述了减摩抗磨用无机颗粒／高分子复合材料的最新研究进展,重点阐述了不同类型无机颗粒的作用机理及其对复合材料最终性能的影响,指出这类材料的发展趋势在于应用纳米填料,通过发展适当的分散技术,同时加强粒子与基体的结合,有可能克服现有微米颗粒复合材料中存在的缺点,全面提高复合材料的综合性能。     

Processing and property improvement of polymeric composites with added ZnO nanoparticles through microinjection molding

The use of nanoparticulates in polymeric materials has become a potential alternative for organic–inorganic composite materials because of their versatility in property modification and ease of batch fabrication. This paper investigates the kneading and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) with added nano‐ZnO powder in sizes of 10–30 nm, through batch kneading and microinjection molding processes. The results show that the PP microgears with added ZnO nanoparticles are well replicated with clear structural definition. The resulting composites with a small amount of nanofiller added exhibit significant improvement in wear resistance and mechanical properties. The possible strengthening and wearing mechanisms is discussed based on the investigation of the worn and fractured surfaces of the composites. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 6009–6016, 2006     

官能团化聚烯烃在聚丙烯复合材料中的应用

综述官能团化聚烯烃(FPO)在无机填料填充、增强、增韧,纤维增强、填充和阻燃等类型聚丙烯复合材料中的应用,并讨论了FPO改善复合材料界面粘结和提高力学性能的作用机理。