超音速火焰喷涂锡青铜-钢基双金属材料摩擦性能

采用超音速火焰喷涂QWFSn8Zn3粉末制备钢背双金属材料。研究不同润滑介质、不同表面粗糙度和不同摩擦载荷对超音速喷涂锡青铜-钢基涂层摩擦性能的影响。分析锡青铜涂层的磨损形貌和磨损机制。研究结果表明:抗磨液压油润滑条件下,涂层有最小的摩擦因数0.093,30#润滑油、液体石蜡和固体MoS2润滑下涂层摩擦因数分别为0.099、0.107和0.099;随表面粗糙度减小,喷涂锡青铜-钢基涂层摩擦因数逐渐减小;随着摩擦载荷的增加,喷涂层摩擦因数逐渐减小;不同润滑介质条件下,涂层存在磨粒磨损、黏着磨损和疲劳磨损共同作用的磨损机制。     

激光熔覆WC/Ni60B涂层磨损析出强化研究

采用激光熔覆的方法,以45#钢为基体,Ni60B自熔性合金粉末为基体相,微米和纳米WC-12%Co为增强相,研究制备了WC-12%Co颗粒增强金属基复合涂层.采用MM-200环块磨损试验机,对熔覆涂层在干摩擦滑动磨损条件下进行相同载荷不同磨损距离的磨损试验,分析了涂层在干摩擦磨损中的析出现象.试验结果表明:磨损后,2种熔覆涂层的表面显微硬度均比磨损前有所提高;磨损过程中,熔覆涂层中有析出现象;析出相有望改善涂层的磨损性能.     

TiN涂层在一般零件表面的摩擦磨损性能

摩擦磨损现象存在于各类机械设备中,造成了很大的经济损失。选用了一般零件最常用的45#钢作为实验材料,研究45#钢表面沉积TiN涂层后,在摩擦磨损试验机上的摩擦磨损性能。通过实验比较不同载荷、不同转速对TiN涂层的摩擦磨损性能影响,由结果显示,TiN涂层不能降低摩擦系数,但能有效降低基体表面的磨损率。     

PCrNiMo材料摩擦磨损特性研究

采用自制的销盘式干滑动摩擦磨损试验机，研究了不同硬度炮钢材料PCrNiMo自配副时的摩擦磨损特性。研究结果表明：材料的磨损率随着速度、载荷的增加而增大，摩擦因数随着速度、载荷的增加而减小；低速低载条件下，接触表面以磨粒磨损为主，而在高速、高载条件下，接触表面以粘着磨损形式为主。     

Fe基非晶涂层的组织结构与耐磨性研究

利用电弧喷涂技术在45#钢基体上制备了Fe基非晶合金涂层。与YG8球配副,在干摩擦条件下对涂层与45#钢的摩擦磨损性能进行了对比研究。采用XRD、扫描电镜及显微硬度计等分析仪器对涂层组织结构及磨损形貌进行表征。结果表明:涂层中含有非晶相,孔隙率较少,涂层平均硬度高达HV1124。与45#钢相比,涂层的摩擦因数较小,耐磨性明显高于45#钢基体,其磨损机制以片状剥落为主。     

永磁场条件下45钢与GCr15钢摩擦磨损性能试验研究

基于HSR-2M高速往复摩擦磨损试验机,研究在永磁体磁场条件下滑动速度、载荷等参数对45#钢/GCr15钢摩擦副摩擦学性能的影响,通过磨痕形貌分析其磨损机制,并与无磁场条件下的试验结果进行对比。试验结果表明:磁场的引入可以在一定程度上减小摩擦因数和降低磨损率,证明磁场能够改善45#钢/GCr15钢摩擦副的摩擦学性能;增大滑动速度将降低摩擦因数和磨损率,增大载荷将降低摩擦因数,增加磨损率。无磁场时,摩擦副的摩擦磨损为典型的磨粒磨损,磨损系统的磨损率和摩擦因数较大;有磁场时,磨损形式主要为黏着磨损,摩擦因数和磨损率较小。     

HEPJet高铝青铜涂层滑动干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能

主要研究了超音速等离子喷涂（HEPJet）高铝青铜（Cu-14Al-X）涂层滑动干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能.在45钢表面采用HEPJet技术制备Cu-14Al-X涂层,在MMW-1万能摩擦磨损试验机上进行滑动干摩擦试验.涂层的硬度和磨损表面形貌分别用显微硬度计、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）测定.     

偶件表面粗糙度对PTFE材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

为了研究干摩擦条件下偶件表面粗糙度对聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)密封材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,利用MMW-1立式万能摩擦磨损试验机,在不同载荷和转速下研究由PTFE材料制作的试验环分别与316L不锈钢和45#钢配副时的摩擦磨损性能,并利用粒形分析仪对PTFE试验环试验前后端面的形貌进行观测;利用触针式轮廓仪对摩擦配副钢环的端面粗糙度进行精确测量,分析表面粗糙度对PTFE试验环摩擦磨损性能的影响。试验结果表明:在干摩擦条件下,摩擦配副钢环的表面粗糙度过高或者过低都会引起PTFE试验环磨损量的增加;定载荷时,PTFE试验环磨损量随摩擦配副钢环表面粗糙度的增大先减小后增大,随转速的增大而增大;定转速时,PTFE试验环摩擦因数随摩擦配副钢环表面粗糙度的增大稍减小后而后增大,随载荷的增大先减小后增大;在相同工况下,316L不锈钢对PTFE试验环的切削和犁沟作用比45#钢更加明显。     

不同对磨材料对AlCrN涂层摩擦磨损性能影响

在YT15硬质合金表面采用PVD技术制备Al Cr N涂层,并在UMT-2摩擦磨损试验机上分别与不同材料的对磨球(WC-Co、GCr15、Q235、304)进行摩擦磨损对比试验。在不同载荷和滑动速度条件下研究了不同对磨材料对涂层表面摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:涂层与304球对磨的摩擦系数最小,与WC-Co球的次之,与Q235球的最大;涂层与WC-Co球对磨的磨损率最低,且磨损率随载荷和速度的增加而降低;涂层与Q235、304不锈钢球对磨时主要磨损形式为粘结磨损和氧化磨损,与GCr15球对磨以粘结、磨粒和氧化磨损为主,与WC-Co球对磨以磨粒磨损和氧化磨损为主。     

滑动速度对铜－石墨摩擦层形成、转移及失效的影响

以铜-石墨/45#钢为研究对象,研究大气、干滑动条件下,滑动速度对铜-石墨摩擦层的形成、转移和失效的影响。低速条件下,铜-石墨磨损表面平滑、致密,而高速条件下磨损表面粗糙、松散。铜-石墨在45#钢表面微凸体的切削作用下脱落,一部分形成片状磨屑,另一部分单向转移至45#钢表面形成含铜-石墨的摩擦层。摩擦速度的提高,使铜-石墨摩擦层难于在磨损表面有效形成,加速了其脱落的进程,从而降低了其减摩能力。     

端面密封材料S-07不锈钢滑动摩擦学行为的分子动力学模拟

为探究端面密封材料S-07不锈钢在不同参数下的摩擦学行为,构建纳米尺度下S-07不锈钢的摩擦磨损模型,以对偶件的压入深度和滑动速度作为变量,研究S-07不锈钢表面摩擦学性能及形貌变化。结果表明：随着摩擦相对滑动速度的增加(50、100、150 m/s),S-07不锈钢磨损表面粗糙度降低;随着对偶件压入深度(0.3、0.6、0.9 nm)的增大,摩擦因数呈上升趋势;磨损量随压入深度增大而增大,随滑动速度上升呈下降趋势。在微观尺度上,从位错、塑性变形等角度解释了在不同磨损条件下S-07不锈钢性能变化的原因,为该材料适用摩擦工况的选择提供了理论参考。     

Wear mechanisms in ball-cratering tests with large abrasive particles

Three-body abrasive wear resistance of mild steel and 27%Cr white cast iron was investigated using a ball-cratering test. Glass beads, silica sand, quartz and alumina abrasive particles with sizes larger than 200 μm were used to make slurries. It was found that the wear rates of mild steel increased with sliding time for all abrasive particles tested, while the wear rates of 27%Cr white cast iron were almost constant with sliding time. This increase in the wear rates of mild steel was mainly due to the gradual increase in ball surface roughness with testing time. Abrasive particles with higher angularity caused higher ball surface roughness. Soft mild steel was more affected by this ball surface roughness changes than the hard white cast iron. Generally, three-body rolling wear dominated. The contribution of two-body grooving wear increased when the ball roughness was significant. The morphological features of the wear scars depended on the shape of the abrasive particles and also on the hardness and microstructure of the wear material. Angular particles generated rough surfaces similar to those usually observed in high angle erosion tests. Rounded particles generated smoother surfaces with the middle area of the wear craters having similar morphology to those observed in low angle erosion.     

GCr15及G20CrNi2Mo轴承钢高温润滑条件下摩擦磨损性能

为了探究轴承钢在高温润滑条件下的摩擦磨损性能,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、洛氏硬度计等对GCr15高碳轴承钢和G20CrNi2Mo渗碳轴承钢组织、物相及硬度进行了表征,利用QG-700型气氛高温摩擦磨损试验机研究轴承钢材料不同条件下的高温润滑摩擦磨损性能,并分析其磨损机制.结果表明:2种轴承钢...     

Some aspects of improving abrasive resistance

A survey of literature on the structural and phase strengthening of alloys and steel is presented. Methods of strengthening such as mechanical riveting and expanding the length of intergrain boundaries do not increase abrasive wear resistance to hard particle attack. Alloying to increase the interatomic bond forces does not increase abrasive wear resistance. Thus there is a close connection between the modulus of normal elasticity of different metals and the wear resistance.The sharp decrease in dislocation mobility at the brittle transition temperature increases abrasive wear resistance. For a high carbon steel the resistance increases by a factor of 2.5.Increased resistance to attack by abrasive particles (by a factor of 2) can be achieved by preliminary friction treatment of the steel surface (especially by dry frictional contact against low carbon steel) because of the complex phase and structural transformations in the material of the surface that is subjected to frictional contact.     

油润滑下MoSi2材料的摩擦磨损性能

运用M-200型摩擦磨损试验机测定了油润滑条件下MoSi2与45调质钢、45淬火钢和CrWMn钢配对时的摩擦磨损性能，采用扫描电镜和微探针分析了摩擦副表面的形貌，探讨了磨损机理：结果表明：采用20号机械油润滑可有效地降低MoSi2材料的磨损率及摩擦因数；与低硬度的45调质钢和45淬火钢对摩时，MoSi2材料的主要磨损机制为晶间断裂、疲劳断裂、轻微粘着磨损和磨粒磨损；MoSi2材料与高硬度的CrWMn钢对摩时，主要磨损机制表现为粘着磨损、微犁削式磨粒磨损，并在偶件表面材料凸点的前端形成楔块。     

Effect of composition and microstructure on slurry abrasion response of hardfaced martensitic stainless steel

Hardfaced martensitic stainless steel alloy was deposited on mild steel substrate by flux cored arc welding method. The slurry abrasion studies of weld-deposited hardfaced steel were performed using slurry abrasion test rig with 250–300 μm silica sand particles. The effect of weld compositional gradation on the abrasive wear resistance of hardfaced stainless steel at a distance of 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, 3.0 and 3.6 mm from the top surface was studied. The observed abrasion rates were rationalized in terms of mass loss, hardness and distance from the top surface i.e. diluted surfaces beneath the top surface. The abrasive wear mass loss increased with increasing distance beneath the top surface, which was attributed to the coarsening and morphology change in martensite phase. The results of the present work indicated change in morphology of martensite with increase in the distance beneath the top surface. The operating abrasive wear mechanisms involved ploughing, microcutting and indentation.     

精密下料中圆形锤头棒料摩擦副的摩擦学性能分析

针对精密下料中存在的圆形锤头棒料摩擦副磨损严重问题，借助WTM-2E型可控气氛摩擦磨损试验仪，研究了不同转速和不同质量分数纳米MoS2添加剂下的GCr15钢块45钢柱摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明：随着上摩擦副(45钢柱)的转速增加，磨损行程变长，摩擦因数和磨损量呈减小趋势，磨损表面形态由黏着磨损转变为磨粒磨损。采用声发射技术对摩擦副表面磨损状态进行实时监测，定量确定出质量分数为0.5%的纳米MoS2添加剂的减摩抗磨效果最佳。     

微动疲劳参数对钢丝微动疲劳磨损演化的影响*

微动疲劳易引起钢丝表面磨损和横截面积损失,进而造成钢丝断裂失效并缩短钢丝绳使用寿命。不同微动疲劳参数（接触载荷、疲劳载荷、钢丝直径和交叉角度）引起差异的钢丝微动疲劳磨损特性,故研究微动疲劳参数对钢丝微动疲劳磨损演化规律影响至关重要。基于摩擦学理论和Marc仿真软件构建钢丝微动疲劳磨损模型,探究接触载荷、疲劳载荷、交叉角度和钢丝直径对钢丝微动疲劳磨损演化的影响规律。结果表明：钢丝微动疲劳磨损体积主要与接触载荷和疲劳载荷有关;疲劳钢丝的磨损深度、磨损率及磨损体积随着接触载荷的增加而增大,且不同接触载荷下疲劳钢丝磨损体积均随着循环次数的增加而呈线性增加;随疲劳载荷幅值的增加,疲劳钢丝的磨损深度、磨损率及磨损体积均呈增加趋势;在不同疲劳载荷范围下疲劳钢丝的磨损体积均随着循环次数的增加而呈线性增加;当接触载荷、疲劳载荷及钢丝间摩擦因数相同时,不同交叉角度和不同加载钢丝直径下疲劳钢丝的磨损体积相同。     

冠醚化合物对钢/铜和钢/铝摩擦副的抗磨减摩性能研究

本文利用ＳＲＶ摩擦磨损试验机研究了省代苯并－１５－冠醚对钢／铜、钢／铝摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,溴代苯并－１５－冠－５冠醚对钢／铜摩擦副起到减摩抗磨作用,对钢／铝摩擦副起到加速腐蚀磨损的作用。利用ＸＰＳ对磨痕表面进行了分析,发现铜和铝磨痕上发现了Ｂｒ,金属溴化物的生成减少了铜的摩擦和磨损,但却由于腐蚀而加速了铝合金的磨损。     

Multi-pass scratch test behavior of modified layer formed during plasma nitriding

316L stainless steel and Ti6Al4V alloy were plasma nitrided at different treatment parameters, and the wear behaviors of the modified layers formed on the surface during nitriding were investigated by multi-pass scratch test. Phase structure and cross-sections of modified layers were also examined with XRD and SEM. While a single modified layer formed on surface of the 316L stainless steel, both modified and diffusion layers were observed on the surface of the Ti6Al4V alloy after nitriding. As a result, it was observed that phase structure and thickness for modified layers of 316L stainless steel and Ti6Al4V alloy, respectively, were the significant parameters for friction coefficient and wear rate. In addition, diffusion layer formed during the nitriding process caused on increase of wear resistance of Ti6Al4V alloy by supporting the modified layer on the surface.