农业部规划设计研究院——农副产品加工研究所

农业部规划设计研究院一农副产品加工研究所主要从事种子加工技术、农产品干燥储藏技术．果蔬加工技术、油菜籽加工、肉类加工技术．饲料肥料加工技术．农产品产地加工处理技术等农副产品加工技术的研究、推广；农业产业化技术及装备的组装集成与推广；农业工程新设备．新设施和农业产业化装备配套设施的开发、研制与生产；     

农业部规划设计研究院一农副产品加工研究所

农业部规划设计研究院一农副产品加工研究所主要从事种子加工技术，农产品干燥储藏技术．果蔬加工技术、油菜籽加工。肉类加工技术、饲料肥料加工技术、农产品产地加工处理技术等农副产品加工技术的研究，推广；农业产业化技术及装备的组装集成与推广；农业工程新设备．新设施和农业产业化装备配套设施的开发．研制与生产；     

淡水鱼加工技术研究进展

主要介绍近年来淡水鱼加工技术的发展.结合近年来淡水鱼加工领域国内外一些研究成果,以淡水鱼冷冻加工技术、腌熏加工技术以及蛋白饲料加工技术为重点,对淡水鱼加工技术的研究进展进行较为全面的综述.     

重组肉加工技术及发展趋势

着重介绍了近几年来重组肉加工技术的主要方法,如酶法加工技术、化学法加工技术和物理法加工技术的加工原理,并阐述了重组肉加工技术的发展方向是生产安全的、具有稳定货架期的功能性肉制品。     

机械制造中数控高速切削加工技术分析

相比于传统技术,数控高速切削加工技术更符合现代化机械制造要求。在机械制造中应用数控高速切削加工技术有利于简化加工工序、提升加工技术的精密度、优化加工效果。文章利用调查法、分析法等方法对数控高速切削加工技术在机械制造中的应用进行了研究。首先梳理了数控高速切削加工技术在机械制造中的应用优势和具体应用,然后分析了影响数控高速切削加工技术应用质量的因素,最后梳理了数控高速切削加工技术应用质量的提升策略。     

数控加工技术在金属材料加工中的应用研究

在金属材料加工技术快速发展的过程中,数控加工变得越来越常见,其良好的加工精度、自动化的加工手段,对于保障金属工件的一致性和加工精度具有非常重要的意义。为了进一步发展数控加工技术,文章针对数控加工技术以及该技术在金属材料加工中的应用优势进行分析,并在实际的金属材料加工中合理利用数控加工技术,为我国金属加工工艺的发展提供可靠的保障。     

西式肉制品主要加工技术研究

为更好地推动西式肉制品加工技术在肉制品加工中的应用发展,介绍了低温腌制技术、盐水注射技术、真空滚揉技术、嫩化技术、栅栏技术、烟熏技术6种常用的西式肉制品主要加工技术。主要论述了低温腌制技术、盐水注射技术、真空滚揉技术、嫩化技术、栅栏技术、烟熏技术这6种主要加工技术的特点和作用,同时阐述了在各类肉制品加工中的相关研究以及在肉制品加工生产与研究中的相关应用,并浅谈了6种加工技术的研究展望,以期为今后的肉制品加工研究提供一些方向。     

木材加工技术的新发展

本文叙述了木材加工技术的含义,对木材加工中的新技术一数控技术、光电扫描技术、高速加工技术以及激光加工技术作了介绍。     

数控高速切削加工技术在机械制造中的应用

在越来越先进的技术支持下,机械加工制造领域呈现明显变化,设备更新、技术工艺优化成为必然趋势。在技术持续化更新助力下,加工精度、加工技艺大幅度提升,且随着设备、技艺不断更新换代,加工零部件复杂程度、加工精度要求显著强化。基于当前加工领域发展趋势,如何从加工技艺角度入手,提升加工制造产品品质和效率成为机械加工相关企业的关注重点。传统数据加工工艺中,由于技术发展水平限制,不仅加工精度和复杂程度存在欠缺,还导致零件加工存在技术瓶颈。目前数控高速切削加工技术作为一项基于智能数控的先进技术,较传统加工工艺在加工复杂性和加工精度方面具备明显优势。基于此,文章梳理了数控高速切削加工技术的内容和技术优势,以某企业大型铝合金壁板加工项目为例进行了加工参数、加工过程与效果分析,最后分析了数控高速切削加工技术在机械制造中的应用要点,以期为我国机械制造领域实现进一步发展提供更多实用性建议。     

快速发展的胶印连线加工技术

序言 所谓连线(联机)加工技术是指印刷品在印刷机上印完后,通过与印刷机联机的印后加工设备,完成上光、裁切、模切与压痕、烫印等工作.连线加工技术是与离线(脱机)加工技术相对应的一种加工技术,离线加工技术要在印品印完后,分别通过上光机、覆膜机、模切压痕机等印后加工设备来进行印刷品的表面整饰和加工.连线加工技术特别适合包装印刷品的生产,印刷与印后加工一气呵成,大大提高了生产效率.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the