相容剂对碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

研究了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-GMA)2种相容剂对碳纤维增强聚丙烯(CF/PP)复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:随着相容剂添加量的增加,CF/PP复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、缺口冲击强度增加,相容剂添加质量分数在6%时增加效果最为明显;2种相容剂对熔融温度及结晶度影响不大,但PP-g-MAH对CF/PP复合材料综合性能的提升优于PP-g-GMA。     

玄武岩纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料性能研究

以聚丙烯(PP)树脂为基体,加入玄武岩纤维(BF)和相关助剂,通过双螺杆挤出机熔融共混制得相应复合材料。考查相容剂对PP/BF复合材料性能影响、对PP/BF复合材料和PP/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料力学性能、微观形貌和耐热氧老化等性能进行对比。通过实验数据分析,加入相容剂后,拉伸强度提高126.8%,弯曲强度提高223.8%,弯曲弹性模量提高119.9%,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度提高223.2%。在同样质量配比下,PP/BF复合材料较PP/GF复合材料拉伸强度提高9.8%,弯曲强度提高11.0%,弯曲弹性模量提高5.8%,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度降低10.7%。从微观电镜分析,加入相容剂可明显改善纤维与PP基材界面浸润程度。另外,BF比GF更易使复合材料老化,常规热氧老化剂1010和168对纤维增强PP类材料耐老化效果并不好,用等量自制热氧老化剂可解决此问题。     

高纯聚丙烯相容剂应用于玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯的研究

将自制高纯聚丙烯(PP)相容剂FH118和FH56应用于玻璃纤维(GF)增强PP,并与国外品牌相容剂进行了对比。结果表明,FH118和FH56的挥发性有机物含量分别仅为0.19%和0.21%;使用FH118和FH56作为相容剂时,PP/GF复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度均有大幅度提高,并能够保持复合材料原有的弯曲弹性模量和缺口冲击强度不下降。在低相容剂添加量条件下(1%),FH118和FH56能够表现出优异的效果。FH118和FH56能够替代国外高端相容剂产品。     

长玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的研究

通过熔体浸渍法制备了一定玻纤含量的长玻纤增强聚丙烯(PP/LGF)母粒,然后将一定配比的母粒与PP通过注射机注塑成样条,研究了LGF用量及相容剂、增韧剂的添加对PP/LGF复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:当LGF用量为35%左右时,PP/LGF复合材料的力学性能达到最佳,较之纯PP显著提升。相容剂的加入改善了PP/LGF复合材料的力学性能,并且提高了LGF和PP之间的黏结力。增韧剂的加入使得复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量呈现下降的趋势,冲击强度则随增韧剂用量的增加逐渐提升。     

聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料制备及性能

使用实验室自制的叠片转子密炼机研究了相容剂含量、转子转速和混炼时间对聚丙烯(PP)/蒙脱土纳米复合材料流变及力学性能的影响。研究发现:相容剂含量对PP/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的力学性能和流变性能均有较大影响。随着相容剂含量增加,复合材料的抗拉强度不断增大。当蒙脱土与相容剂质量比为1∶2时,复合材料的抗拉强度和断裂伸长率达到最大值。复合材料的冲击强度随着相容剂含量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势。复合材料的力学性能随转子转速提高而降低。复合材料的抗拉强度和断裂伸长率随着混炼时间的增加而提高,冲击强度则随着混炼时间的增加而降低。     

橡胶再生剂与相容剂并用在废轮胎胶粉增韧废PP复合材料中的应用研究

进行了橡胶再生剂与相容剂并用在废轮胎胶粉(GRT)增韧废PP复合材料中的应用研究.结果表明,采用橡胶再生剂De-link/相容剂CA并用改性GRT/废PP复合材料的冲击强度可达22.6KJ@m-2,比简单GRT/废PP共混体系提高了2.4倍,比废PP体系提高了2倍;拉伸强度则比简单GRT/废PP共混体系提高了30%,为废PP体系的87%;再生剂通过改变胶粉的交联度来提高复合材料的韧性,相容剂主要通过改善界面性能和提高相容性来提高复合材料的力学性能.     

PP/核桃壳粉复合材料的制备与性能研究

以核桃壳粉(WSP)为填料,采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/WSP复合材料。研究了聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)界面相容剂、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)弹性体等对PP/WSP复合材料力学性能和热稳定性的影响。结果表明:PP-g-MAH界面相容剂能够改善WSP与PP的界面相容性,增强界面黏结强度,提高复合材料的力学性能,添加7%的PP-g-MAH可以使WSP用量为50%的PP/WSP复合材料的拉伸强度提高49.5%,弯曲强度提高52.9%;而添加EPDM弹性体的PP/WSP复合材料的韧性显著改善。WSP对聚合物基体的热稳定性有一定促进作用。     

汽车内饰用PP/黄麻纤维复合材料力学性能

采用转矩流变仪混合造粒,通过注射成型方法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/黄麻纤维复合材料,研究了对纤维表面进行处理的NaOH浓度、纤维含量和相容剂的含量对PP/黄麻纤维复合材料力学性能的影响,采用扫描电镜对纤维表面及复合材料的断面形貌进行分析。结果表明:黄麻纤维经过碱处理后PP/黄麻纤维复合材料的力学性能优于纤维未处理的复合材料的力学性能,随着NaOH浓度的提高,PP/黄麻纤维复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度增加,在NaOH浓度为16%时,其拉伸强度和冲击强度最佳;其弯曲强度随着NaOH浓度的提高先增加而后下降,在8%浓度时,弯曲强度最大。随着纤维含量的提高,PP/黄麻纤维复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度先增加后下降,在纤维含量达到20%时,PP/黄麻纤维合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度达到最大。随着纤维含量的提高,PP/黄麻纤维复合材料的冲击强度降低。相容剂的加入使得PP/黄麻纤维复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度明显增加。     

云母/聚丙烯复合材料的制备与性能研究

以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)和苯乙烯(St)接枝改性的聚丙烯作相容剂,KH550改性的云母粉为填料,制备了云母/PP复合材料。结果表明,当相容剂和改性云母用量的重量分数分别为10%和15%时,复合材料的力学性能最好,冲击强度、拉伸强度和弯曲强度较纯PP分别提高了132.9%、17.2%和32.5%。     

马来酸酐/1-十烯共聚物在聚丙烯木塑复合材料中的应用

采用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和凝胶渗透色谱表征了自行合成的马来酸酐(MAH)/1-十烯共聚物,探讨了该共聚物作为相容剂在聚丙烯(PP)基木塑复合材料中的应用。结果表明:MAH/1-十烯共聚物可改善木粉在PP中的分散性和相容性,提高PP与木粉间的界面黏合力,进而改善复合材料的力学性能;当相容剂用量为5份时,复合材料的拉伸强度提高了59.3%,弯曲强度提高了44.6%,冲击强度提高了82.6%。     

玻纤增强PP热塑性片材的制备及力学性能研究

采用熔融浸渍法制备了玻璃纤维毡增强聚丙烯（PP）热塑性复合片材；通过在PP中加入复合改性PP改善了基体与增强纤维间的相容性；考察了相容剂、PP种类及玻纤毡种类对复合片材的影响。结果表明，相容剂的加入可使复合片材的拉伸强度提高29％、拉伸模量提高23％、弯曲强度提高42％、弯曲模量提高25％；高熔体质量流动速率PP可使片材的弯曲与冲击性能进一步改善。连续玻纤毡和长玻纤毡增强PP复合片材，前者综合力学性能良好，而后者则冲击强度较弱、弯曲性能加强。     

乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物对聚氯乙烯／聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

以乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物（EMMA）为增容剂制备了聚氯乙烯（PVC）／聚丙烯（PP）复合材料．采用DSC表征了复合材料的相容性,用WDW3020微控电子万能实验机、XCJ-40电子冲击实验机测试了复合材料的力学性能;并与氯化聚乙烯（CPE）增容PVC／PP共混体系进行了比较。试验结果表明：EMMA能显著改善PVC与PP的相容性。当增容剂用量为9份时,与未增容PVC／PP体系相比。缺口冲击强度,拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高了191％,70％,41％;与CPE增容PVC／PP体系相比,缺口冲击强度,拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高了44％,39％,12％。     

回收PET/PA66复合材料的研究

采用OZ作为反应相容剂,通过反应挤出制备了回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)/聚酰胺66(PA66)复合材料。研究了相容剂用量对复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度、流变性能和形态结构等的影响。结果表明,PA66质量分数为60%、相容剂OZ质量分数为5%时,可以得到综合性能与PA66相当的复合材料,降低了PA66的成本,同时使PET得到了回收。     

相容剂对有机蒙脱土改性聚乙烯塑料性能的影响

利用相容剂对有机蒙脱土改性聚乙烯塑料进行改性研究,结果表明,加入相容剂后聚乙烯与有机蒙脱土的界面相容性得到改善,颗粒引起的应力集中和产生缺陷的几率大大降低,改性聚乙烯塑料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均有不同程度的提高。综合改性聚乙烯塑料的物理性能,相容剂用量在5份左右最佳。     

Further investigation of polyaminoamide‐epichlorohydrin/stearic anhydride compatibilizer system for wood‐polyethylene composites

The combination of a polyaminoamide‐epichlorohydrin (PAE) resin (a paper wet strength agent) and stearic anhydride was recently reported as an effective compatibilizer system for wood‐polyethylene composites. Further investigation of this new compatibilizer system revealed that the pH value of a PAE solution, dosages of PAE and stearic anhydride, and the weight ratio of PAE to stearic anhydride had significant impacts on the compatibilization effects of the compatibilizer system. Adjusting the pH value of the PAE solution from 5.0 to 10.4 increased the strength of the resulting wood‐polyethylene composites. The highest strength of the resulting wood‐polyethylene composites was obtained at 3 wt % PAE and 3 wt % stearic anhydride. At 4 wt % or 6 wt % of a compatibilizer, this PAE‐stearic anhydride system was superior to maleic anhydride‐grafted polyethylene (MAPE), one of the most effective compatibilizers, in terms of enhancing the strength of the resulting wood‐polyethylene composites. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed that PAE and stearic anhydride formed covalent bonding with wood flour. The compatibilization mechanisms of this PAE‐stearic anhydride compatibilizer system were investigated in detail. Water‐resistance tests indicated that the PAE‐stearic anhydride compatibilizer system increased the water‐resistance of the resulting composites. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 712–718, 2006     

Effect of polyethylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride as a compatibilizer on the mechanical and tribological behaviors of ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene/copper composites

Ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene/copper (UHMWPE/Cu) composites compatibilized with polyethylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride (PE‐g‐MAH) were prepared by compression molding. The effects of the compatibilizer on the mechanical, thermal, and tribological properties of the UHMWPE/Cu composites were investigated. These properties of the composites were evaluated at various compositions, and worn steel surfaces and composite surfaces were examined with scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The incorporation of PE‐g‐MAH reduced the melting points of the composites and increased their crystallinity to some extent. Moreover, the inclusion of the PE‐g‐MAH compatibilizer greatly increased the tensile rupture strength and tensile modulus of the composites, and this improved the wear resistance of the composites. These improvements in the mechanical and tribological behavior of the ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight‐polyethylene‐matrix composites with the PE‐g‐MAH compatibilizer could be closely related to the enhanced crosslinking function of the composites in the presence of the compatibilizer. Moreover, the compatibilizer had an effect on the transfer and oxidation behavior of the filler Cu particulates, which could be critical to the application of metallic‐particulate‐filled polymer composites in engineering. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 948–955, 2004     

ABS/SMA/GF复合材料的制备及性能

以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)及玻璃纤维(GF)为原料,以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)作为界面相容剂,研究界面相容剂对玻璃纤维增强ABS复合材料力学性能及界面粘接的影响.结果表明:加入SMA玻纤增强ABS复合材料的力学性能明显提高;随着玻纤质量分数增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度均逐渐增加,冲击强度下降.     

Wood‐thermoplastic composites from wood flour and high‐density polyethylene

High‐density polyethylene/wood flour (HDPE/WF) composites were prepared by a twin‐screw extruder. The effects of WF, silane coupling agents, polymer compatibilizers, and their content on the comprehensive properties of the WF/HDPE composites have been studied in detail, including the mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties and microstructure. The results showed that both silane coupling agents and polymer compatibilizers could improve the interfacial adhesion between WF and HDPE, and further improve the properties of WF/HDPE composites, especially with AX8900 as a compatibilizer giving higher impact strength, and with HDPE‐g‐MAH as a compatibilizer giving the best tensile and flexural properties. The resultant composite has higher strength (tensile strength = 51.03 MPa) and better heat deflection temperature (63.1°C). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Improvement of interfacial adhesion between wood and polypropylene in wood–polypropylene composites

N-vinylformamide-grafted polypropylene (VFPP) was successfully synthesized through a free radical grafting reaction. Both polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI) and VFPP were effective compatibilizers for increasing both the strength and stiffness of the resulting wood–PP (polypropylene) composites. Both the modulus of rupture (MOR) and the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the resulting wood–PP composites were further increased when PMDI and VFPP were used together as an integrated compatibilizer system. This new PMDI-VFPP compatibilizer system was comparable to maleic-anhydride-grafted polypropylene in terms of enhancing the strength and stiffness of the wood–PP composites. Study of the fractured surfaces of the wood–PP composites with scanning electron microscopy revealed that this new PMDI-VFPP compatibilizer system greatly improved the interfacial adhesion between wood and PP. This PMDI-VFPP compatibilizer system also greatly reduced the water absorption of the resulting wood–PP composites. In this PMDI-VFPP compatibilizer system, PMDI is proposed to function as a wood-binding domain and VFPP to function as a PP-binding domain. PMDI reacted with the amide group in VFPP, thus forming covalent linkages between PMDI and VFPP.     

甲基化木粉与PE-g-MAH对木粉/HDPE复合材料力学性能的协同作用研究

主要研究了木粉表面甲基化改性和增容剂马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(PE-g-MAH)对木粉/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)复合材料力学性能的协同作用。木粉经表面甲基化处理后,与10%PE-g-MAH协同使用,甲基化木粉/PE-g-MAH/HDPE复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度均明显高于未改性木粉/PE-g-MAH/HDPE复合材料,其原因在于在PE-g-MAH的作用下,甲基化木粉在聚合物基体中分布更加均匀,两者的界面作用力更高,即甲基化木粉和PE-g-MAH对提升木粉/HDPE复合材料的力学性能具有良好的协同作用。