注频锁相振荡器阵列的低相位噪声信号产生方法

提出了注频锁相振荡器阵列的拓扑结构及相位噪声模型,根据该模型简要推导了注频锁相振荡器阵列相位噪声的计算公式并对整个阵列的相位噪声进行了分析,完成了1×4单元注频锁相振荡器阵列相位噪声的测试,测试结果与理论分析吻合,最终得出了注频锁相振荡器阵列的低相位噪声信号产生方法。     

矩形耦合本振阵列接收波束形成

分析了耦合振荡器阵列的波束接收原理,以二维矩形耦合振荡器阵列为本振阵列,推导了产生均匀平面相位分布的控制方法,确定了波束形成的相位加权矢量,并通过仿真验证理论分析结果,为耦合振荡器阵列在天线接收技术的应用提供理论参考.     

约瑟夫森阵列振荡器的相位锁定分析

系统地研究了超导亚毫米波阵列振荡器的相位锁定问题。为使超导振荡器达到高工作频率、窄线宽和高稳定的性能，约瑟夫森结与结之间的相位必须相互锁定。相位锁定可以通过结与结之间的耦合电路得以实现。通过对振荡器的各种耦合电路的比较表明，蝴蝶领结天线结构是一个比较适合约瑟夫森振荡器相位锁定的耦合电路。本文提出了一种超导亚毫米波阵列振荡器模型并对其进行了模拟计算与分析，仿真得出了振荡器各项参数值，并给出了相位锁定的条件。     

双边耦合振荡器阵列自由振荡频率调节方法仿真及实验研究

耦合振荡器阵列可以通过调节单元的自由振荡频率实现阵面的特定相位分布,从而不用移相器实现有源天线阵波束电扫描.文中推导了双边耦合振荡器阵列实现阵面特定的相位分布时各单元自由振荡频率应满足的方程组.从方程中得到,如果调节首单元的自由振荡频率稍高于阵列内部单元,同时调节末单元的自由振荡频率稍低于阵列内部的单元,则可得到阵面正梯度的相位分布.但从另外几篇公开发表的相关论文的分析中却得到了相反的结论,文中提出了验证方法,并利用仿真和实验进行了验证,证明了文中结论的正确性.     

非线性有源天线阵波束扫描技术研究

三种耦合振荡器阵列可用于非线性有源天线的波束扫描:注入锁相振荡器阵列、双边耦合振荡器阵列和耦合锁相环阵列.首先对这三种类型阵列的非线性微分方程进行了分析,在实验基础上研究了这三种拓扑结构存在的问题,针对其中的缺陷提出了一种新型串行单边耦合的有源集成天线阵列,实验表明该阵列锁相带宽宽、相噪低,可用于无移相器的波束扫描.     

非线性有源天线阵稳定时间分析

研究了非线性有源天线阵三种拓扑结构:注入锁相耦合振荡器阵列、单边耦合振荡器阵列和双边耦合振荡器阵列,推导了三种阵列结构相位动力学方程的统一形式;分析了当频率控制参量发生改变时,系统从一个稳定状态向另一个稳定状态跃迁的暂态过程.对阵列的稳定时间进行了估计,给出了阵列稳定时间的解析表达式.对阵列的暂态过程进行了计算机仿真,对理论分析结果进行了验证.     

双单元振荡器型天线阵的变模分析

本文证明了双辐射耦合振荡器型阵列天线系统性能是单元之间和相互耦合强度手函数。天线性能的预测要求辨别正确的阵列模式，这样，给出了一个简单的方法就是通过这些模式的稳定性辨识，分析相同的有源振荡器型天线之间辐射耦合，得到各种工作模式下的阵元的锁定频率和单独振幅的明确的公式。     

三角形耦合本振阵列天线波达方向估计

提出以对称三角形耦合振荡器阵列为本振阵列,分析了耦合本振振荡器的相位控制原理,给出耦合本振阵列相位控制方法,推导了耦合本振阵列锁相同步时,形成均匀的线性相位分布,且阵元间的相移只与边界上振荡器的振荡频率有关。利用耦合本振阵列形成均匀相位分布的这一属性,调整耦合本振阵列边界上的振荡器振荡频率,改变耦合本振相邻阵元的相移,实现波达方向估计。同时对三角形耦合阵列的稳定过程、波达方向估计进行了计算机仿真,验证了理论分析结果。     

非线性有源天线阵接收技术研究

利用注入耦合振荡器阵列直接实现非线性接收波束合成,具有旁瓣低的优点,但难以实现接收波束扫描.因此提出了一种非线性有源天线阵接收的新技术,采用耦合振荡器阵列作为本振对接收信号进行混频,在中频进行波束合成.由于阵列单元间相位差可控,能实现接收波束扫描,还可用于生成和差接收波束.实验表明该技术可用于构建非线性有源天线阵的接收系统.     

二维矩形耦合本振阵列的波达方向估计

提出以矩形耦合振荡器阵列为本振阵列,分析了矩形耦合本振阵列的相位控制原理及方法,推导了耦合本振阵列稳定锁相同步时,本振阵列阵元间形成均匀的相位分布,且等相位差只与边界上振荡器的自由振荡频率有关。利用耦合本振阵列阵元间等相位差的这一属性,调节耦合本振阵列边界上的振荡器自由振荡频率,改变耦合本振相邻阵元的等相位差,实现波达方向估计。文中对波达估计算法进行了计算机仿真,验证了其理论分析结果,为注频锁相耦合振荡器阵列应用于天线接收技术提供有力的理论基础。     

Active antenna array lumped ring configuration

Coupled active antenna oscillator arrays are used for power-combining at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. It is known that the relative phase determined by the element separation distance ultimately determines the array operational mode and, hence, far-field radiation characteristics. Separately, it is known that coupled oscillator modal stability is achieved by coupling oscillators through lumped capacitive elements. In this paper, an arrangement whereby lumped capacitive elements (placed across the oscillator loads) and radiative coupling are employed concurrently is investigated. The arrangement takes the form of a ring of coupled oscillators used to excite a 2×2 antenna array. The effect that these couplings have on array behavior are evaluated using time-domain analysis and analytically derived equations. Experimental results for far-field radiation patterns are discussed in relation to coupled oscillator dynamical behavior. These suggest that the theoretical predictions are valid, offering a robust design tool for studies of larger power-combining arrays     

A study of steering capability of a microstrip phased array using inter-injection locked oscillators

An innovative, phase coherent, power combining method, known as inter-injection locking applied to linear limited scan phased arrays is investigated. In this novel method, each antenna element in the array is supplied by power from a separate oscillator. However, the oscillator phases are allowed to be synthesized coherently by means of a coupling network and injection currents, being the input controls to the system of coupled phases oscillators. The inter-injection-locked phased arrays studied in this paper provide more design freedom than conventional phased arrays. They also result in systems more adapted to solid state monolithic integration technology.     

Frequency stabilization of power-combining grid oscillator arrays

In this paper, we report the results of phase locking of grid oscillator arrays. First, a voltage-controlled grid oscillator array with a center frequency of 4.7 GHz and with a 300-MHz electric tuning range was locked to a frequency synthesizer through a phase-locked loop. Second, a 4 × 4 and a 6 × 6 grid oscillator arrays were locked by way of the injection locking. In both methods, a simple loop antenna mounted on the reflection mirror was used for taking/injecting signals from/to the array. Results show that the phase noise performance is improved significantly in the locked oscillator arrays     

基于耦合振荡器阵列的非线性有源天线阵

利用耦合振荡器阵列实现有源集成天线阵电扫描,可以实现相控阵天线高效率、低成本、小型化。文中利用Y-参数对利用任意耦合网络实现的耦合振荡器阵列进行了分析,得到了系统幅度及相位非线性动力系统的微分方程组,然后针对利用耦合振荡器阵列实现非线性有源天线阵列这一实际应用,提出了一种不用移相器实现有源天线阵列波束扫描的方法,并进行了稳定性分析。最后利用计算机仿真验证了该方法的可行性。     

基于耦合本振阵列的旁瓣抑制技术研究

以耦合振荡器阵列作为本振阵列,提出具有旁瓣抑制的接收波束天线阵列扩展结构,推导了其接收波束形成的方向图函数,分析了该接收波束旁瓣抑制技术的可行性,并通过计算机仿真验证了旁瓣抑制技术的理论分析结果,为耦合振荡器阵列应用于天线接收的干扰抑制技术提供了理论基础。     

A continuum model of the dynamics of coupled oscillator arrays forphase-shifterless beam scanning

The behavior of arrays of coupled oscillators has been previously studied by computational solution of a set of nonlinear differential equations describing the time dependence of each oscillator in the presence of signals coupled from neighboring oscillators. The equations are sufficiently complicated in that intuitive understanding of the phenomena which arise is exceedingly difficult. We propose a simplified theory of such arrays in which the relative phases of the oscillator signals are represented by a continuous function defined over the array. This function satisfies a linear partial differential equation of diffusion type, which may be solved via the Laplace transform. This theory is used to study the dynamic behavior of a linear array of oscillators, which results when the end oscillators are detuned to achieve the phase distribution required for steering a beam radiated by such an array     

Effect of Process Mismatches on Integrated CMOS Phased Arrays Based on Multiphase Tuned Ring Oscillators

Tuned ring oscillators are used to generate multiple phases of a sinusoid for a variety of applications including phased- array transceivers and clock and data recovery circuits. A variable-phase ring oscillator (VPRO) is presented that generates outputs with a controllable phase progression, enabling its use in a compact low-power single-chip phased-array transceiver architecture. The VPRO functionality is shown to be robust with respect to process and layout mismatches. This enables the implementation of integrated phased arrays with acceptable array performance even in the absence of mismatch calibration circuitry, which are essential in other phase-shifterless schemes such as coupled oscillator arrays. A prototype 24-GHz four-channel single-chip phased-array transceiver implemented in a 0.13-mum CMOS process is presented to validate these claims.