共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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周末赋闲,起了整理书橱的念头。边读边整理的习惯,让光阴在“两扇门,六层阁”的静谧空间里轻轻滑过。在一本书的扉页看到这样一段文字:播下一种思想,收获一种行为;播下一种行为,收获一种习惯:播下一种习惯,收获一种性格:播下一种性格,收获一种命运。没有出处,亦无作者名,只隐约记得是教育心理学里 相似文献
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Hao Zhang Ying She Shuping Song Qian Lang 《Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology》2013,27(9):1023-1031
In this study, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was used for reinforcement and formaldehyde (HCHO) adsorption of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin adhesive in fiberboard. The original NCC was modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane for improving the wetting property with UF resin adhesive. The UF resin adhesive with modified NCC was analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared. The HCHO emission and bending and bonding strength of the UF resin adhesive with modified NCC were tested according to Chinese National Standard GB/T 17657-1999. Compared with the original UF resin adhesive, modified NCC led to limited effects on the crystal structure, thermal stability, and characteristic absorption peaks of UF resin adhesive. The HCHO emission of the UF resin adhesive with 1.0% modified NCC decreased by 13.0%, while the bending and bonding strength increased by 40.5 and 158.3%, respectively. The improvements of modified UF resin adhesive were destroyed by the reunion of NCC when the content was more than 1.5%. 相似文献
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Hydrolytic and thermal stability of urea-formaldehyde resins based on tannin and betaine bio-fillers
Mirjana Ristić Suzana Samaržija-Jovanović Vojislav Jovanović Marija Kostić Tamara Erceg Tijana Jovanović Gordana Marković Milena Marinović-Cincović 《乙烯基与添加剂工艺杂志》2023,29(6):1082-1092
In this work, betaine (trimethyl glycine) and tannin (complex biomolecules of polyphenolic nature) were used as bio-fillers. Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin with a molar ratio of formaldehyde versus urea (FA/U) of 0.8 was synthesized in situ with tannin and betaine as bio-fillers, to obtain UF resin with reduced free FA content and increased hydrolytic and thermal stability by the principles of sustainability. The samples TUF (with tannin) and BUF (with betaine) were characterized by using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal analysis (DTA), supported by data from Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The percentage of free FA in modified BUF resin is 0.1%, while the percentage of free FA in tannin-modified resin is 0.8%. The hydrolytic stability of the modified UF resins was determined by measuring the concentration of liberated FA in the modified UF resins, after acid hydrolysis. The modified BUF resin is hydrolytically more stable because the content of released FA is 3.6% compared to the modified TUF resin, where it was 7.4%. Based on the value for T5%, the more thermally stable resin is the modified TUF resin (T5% = 123.1°C), while the value of the T5% for the BUF resin is 83.1°C. This work showed how UF bio-composite with reduced free FA content and increased hydrolytic and thermal stability can be obtained using tannin and betaine as bio-fillers. 相似文献
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将木质纤维素微纤丝(MFC)加入UF树脂,考察其热性能与力学性能的变化。DSC研究结果显示随着MFC含量的增加,UF树脂固化温度逐渐下降;热重分析显示添加MFC可改善UF树脂的热稳定性;DMA实验结果表明添加MFC的UF胶合板储能模量和玻璃化转变温度有所上升;胶合强度测试表明添加MFC的UF胶合板的胶合强度提高了29%。与未改性的UF树脂相比,木质纤维素微纤丝(MFC)的加入降低了固化温度,提高了热稳定性,改善了力学性能。 相似文献
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Urea‐formaldehyde (UF) resins are prone to hydrolysis that results in low‐moisture resistance and subsequent formaldehyde emission from UF resin‐bonded wood panels. This study was conducted to investigate hydrolytic stability of modified UF resins as a way of lowering the formaldehyde emission of cured UF resin. Neat UF resins with three different formaldehyde/urea (F/U) mole ratios (1.4, 1.2, and 1.0) were modified, after resin synthesis, by adding four additives such as sodium hydrosulfite, sodium bisulfite, acrylamide, and polymeric 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI). All additives were added to UF resins with three different F/U mole ratios before curing the resin. The hydrolytic stability of UF resins was determined by measuring the mass loss and liberated formaldehyde concentration of cured and modified UF resins after acid hydrolysis. Modified UF resins of lower F/U mole ratios of 1.0 and 1.2 showed better hydrolytic stability than the one of higher F/U mole ratio of 1.4, except the modified UF resins with pMDI. The hydrolytic stability of modified UF resins by sulfur compounds (sodium bisulfate and sodium hydrosulfite) decreased with an increase in their level. However, both acrylamide and pMDI were much more effective than two sulfur compounds in terms of hydrolytic stability of modified UF resins. These results indicated that modified UF resin of the F/U mole ratio of 1.2 by adding acrylamide was the most effective in improving the hydrolytic stability of UF resin. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009 相似文献
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有机硅乳液改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用对比实验,考查有机硅乳液加入时间、加入量等因素对脲醛树脂的改性效果,将制成的改性脲醛树脂胶粘荆压制三层杨木胶合板,检测胶合板的甲醛释放量和胶合强度等指标。试验结果表明,改性效果最佳的nP/nU为1.2,当有机硅的加入量为树脂总量的5%,加入方式为树脂合成后期加入,对于提高树脂胶合强度、降低游离甲醛及甲醛释放量效果最佳。 相似文献
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Mahnaz Hashemi-Nasirabad Hamid Salehi-Mobarakeh Alireza Mahdavian 《Iranian Polymer Journal》2018,27(2):67-76
Modification of urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin binder for making fiberglass mats was aimed as a route to enhance its brittleness and improve its mechanical properties. The UF resin modifiers were chosen among pure acrylate emulsion polymers having different glass transition temperatures (T g). Blends of 10% w/w based on dry modifiers and UF resin were prepared. The most effective modifier was chosen and 4 wt% of nanoclay was added to the UF resin for improvement of its mechanical properties. Morphologies of the fractured surface of the UF-modified films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Coarser texture of the fractured surface was regarded as an increased toughness of the modified UF resin. Investigation of gel time at 100 °C on various modified urea–formaldehyde resins showed that the gel time of the modified UF resins generally decreases with adding polymeric emulsions. It is decreased further when less film forming latex (higher T g) is used in UF resin. Less film formation on the other hand, promotes easier water release during UF resin curing. Tensile and tear strength of the fiberglass mat composites have been increased up to 300 and 50%, respectively, while additional increase of 33% in tensile strength was obtained when nanoclay was incorporated into the composites. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Si-mapping through SEM were employed in order to show the dispersion and the distribution of nanoclay in the composites, respectively. The disappearance of the peak at 2θ = 7.22 confirmed the exfoliation of the employed nanoclay. 相似文献
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Polymeric 4-4 diphenyl methane diisocyanate (pMDI) was blocked with an aqueous sodium bisulfite solution to obtain water-dispersible blocked pMDI (B-pMDI) resin with different HSO3/–NCO mole ratios for the modification of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the B-pMDI resin clearly showed that all isocyanate groups of the pMDI resin were successfully blocked by sodium bisulfite. As the HSO3/–NCO mole ratio increased, the de-blocking temperature of the B-pMDI resin also increased. Two addition levels (1% and 3%) of the B-pMDI resin with different HSO3/–NCO mole ratios were mixed with UF resins and used as an adhesive for plywood. The gel time of the UF/B-pMDI resins decreased to a minimum at a mole ratio of 0.9 and then increased with the HSO3/–NCO mole ratio, and was consistent with the peak temperature (Tp). However, as the HSO3/–NCO mole ratio increased, the viscosity of the modified UF resins by 1% B-pMDI resin addition slightly increased, whereas those of modified resins with 3% B-pMDI resin addition rapidly increased. The adhesion strengths of plywood bonded with the hybrid resins were greater for 1% B-pMDI resin addition than for 3% B-pMDI resin addition. Formaldehyde emission of plywood bonded with the UF/B-pMDI resins significantly decreased up to 34% by the addition of B-pMDI resin at a mole ratio of 1.8. These results suggest that the modification of UF resins by mixing with water-dispersible B-pMDI resin can be a method for improving the water resistance and formaldehyde emission of UF resins for wood-based composites. 相似文献