共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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炸药的热分解——等温和非等温数据的对比 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对某些炸药的等温和非等温的热分解动力学数据进行了比较。对于那些热分解速率相对较慢、蒸发较快的样品,由等温方法和非等温方法得到的数据区别较大,而进行固相分解、且热分解速率较快的样品,二者区别规律性不大。对这一现象原因进行了分析。 相似文献
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采用DSC技术分析了岩石型乳化炸药的乳化基质、亚硝酸钠敏化的岩石型乳化炸药以及亚硝酸钠和玻璃微珠复合敏化的岩石型乳化炸药3个试样的热分解过程,用FWO法、FRL法(Friedman法)和非线性等转化率法(NL-INT法)等非模函数法以及Kissinger法、Achar法、Coats-Redfern法和Sˇatava-Sˇesták法计算出3个试样的活化能E均为110 kJ/mol左右,指前因子A的量级为108~109 s-1,在升温速率为2.5、5.0、7.5 K/min时3个试样的热分解机理为n=2的随机成核和随后成长的Avrami-Erofeev方程,在升温速率为10和20 K/min时的热分解机理为n=2的三维扩散、球形对称Jander方程.得出在配方基本一致的前提下,3个试样具有相近的热分解行为,NaNO2或玻璃微珠基本上不影响乳化基质的热分解过程. 相似文献
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基于布氏压力法理论,借助于虚拟仪器和计算机应用技术研发智能测试与数据分析系统,测定炸药、火药、火工药剂及其相关物的安定性和相容性。该套装置可稳定获取试验测试数据,并自动分析出炸药气体放气量、热分解反应动力学基本参数活化能、指前因子和不同温度条件下的理论储存寿命。 相似文献
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利用热重分析(TG—DTA)法研究了间规聚苯乙烯(sPS)在不同气氛(空气和氮气)下的热分解行为机理。研究表明,sPS在两种气氛下都是只有一个主要的热分解过程。结果表明,用Kissinger最大失重速率法求得空气气氛下的表观活化能为133.86kJ/mol,而在氮气气氛下的表观活化能为158.96kJ/mol;用Ozawa等失重百分率法求得空气气氛(10%~30%的失重率)下的表观活化能为92.05~105.88kJ/mol,而在氮气气氛下的表观活化能为149.00—175.38kJ/mol;sPS的热裂解和热氧分解过程均为一级反应。 相似文献
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通过NBK型"拉瓦"材料热稳定性测试系统研究了DTHL熔铸含铝混合炸药的全分解过程,得到分解放出气体压力p和放气量VH与时间t的关系曲线,并对其进行了初始热分解动力学分析和贮存寿命预估。结果表明,DTHL熔铸炸药在110~140℃范围内,其初始热分解反应机理函数符合成核和生长(n=2)的Avrami-Erofeyev方程;表观活化能和指前因子分别为Ea=120.29kJ.mol-1,A=109.99s-1。以放气量2mL/g为临界点,用Berthlot方程外推得到DTHL熔铸炸药在25℃和20℃条件下的贮存寿命为18.8年和30.7年。 相似文献
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Due to safety requirements, insensitive behavior in slow or fast thermal heating (cook‐off) conditions is a desired behavior for today’s munitions. The ignition time of munitions under slow or fast cook‐off conditions is an important parameter in the design of insensitive munitions. The critical temperature, which mainly depends on the chemical, physical, and the geometrical properties of the energetic material, is the determining factor whether the material will end up with thermal initiation or not, when it is exposed to an external heat source. In this study a slow cook‐off test setup is designed and developed and the tests for a generic munition containing PBXN‐110 plastic‐bonded explosive are performed in order to obtain temperature distribution in the test item, ignition time, ignition temperature, and ignition location. In this paper the development procedure and the experimental results of the slow cook‐off tests are explained. Moreover, the kinetic parameters such as activation energy and pre‐exponential factor for the plastic‐bonded explosive obtained from the TGA tests are presented. 相似文献
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为了掌握新型复合油相制备的乳化炸药的热分解特性,利用TG-DTG技术测试了其制备的乳化炸药基质在氮气气氛中的热分解过程,用Kissinger法和Ozawa法进行动力学分析,求解相关动力学参数。通过模型拟合法推测其热分解机理,并用非模型拟合法进行验证。结果表明,新型复合油相制备的乳化炸药基质分解率为15%~95%时,其热分解平均活化能(E)和指前因子lg(A/s~(-1))分别为142.12kJ/mol和13.26,热稳定性高于复合蜡制备的乳化炸药基质,热分解过程符合三维(3D)扩散控制机理(n=2)。 相似文献
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D. J. SCHIPPER T. W. LATHOUWERS C. Z. van DOORN 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1973,56(10):523-525
The decomposition of bromate and hydroxide sodalites was studied by DTA and TG. Bromate sodalite is converted exothermally at 600°C into bromide sodalite. Hydroxide sodalite loses water and is then converted endothermally into a carnegieite phase at 740°C. The conversion of hydroxide sodalite mixed with sodium halide into halide sodalite at temperatures >740°C proceeds via the decomposition of the hydroxide sodalite. After hydroxide sodalite is heated to temperatures between 600°C and the conversion temperature, it exhibits the photoluminescence of O2 − . 相似文献
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In this study, the thermal decomposition properties of aminonitrobenzodifuroxan are studied using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), a thermogravimeter (TG), an X‐ray diffractometer, a mass spectrometer (MS), and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The results demonstrate that aminonitrobenzodifuroxan undergoes thermal decomposition in the solid state. Under elevated temperatures, the decomposition primarily involves two steps: separation of nitro group and ring‐scission of the furoxan circles at 198.1 °C, and decomposition of the relatively stable residues (benzofuroxan circle) at 199.1 °C. Moreover, it is found that among the products, nitrogen dioxide undergoes oxidation and catalysis on the host molecule during the whole decomposition. Based on Kissinger and Ozawa functions, we deduce that the activation energies of these two reactions are 167.68 and 204.55 kJ mol−1, respectively. The released energy (ΔH) of CL‐18 is −1781.8 J g−1. 相似文献
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氧氟沙星的热稳定性及其热分解动力学 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
测定了在氮气气氛中第三代氟喹诺酮类药物氧氟沙星(OFLX)的热稳定性。用差示扫描量热法(DSC)、热重法(TG)和微分热重法(DTG),研究了药物氧氟沙星的热分解动力学。计算了动力学参数E、n、A,并结合量子有机化学计算的键长、原子静电荷参数研究了热分解机理,推断了热分解机理及药品贮存期。用热分析研究固体药物的热分解过程方法简便,结果可行。 相似文献
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RDX和HMX的热分解III.分解机理 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
简述RDX和HM X热分解的各种机理,其热分解的初始过程是N-N和C-N键断裂的竞争反应,试验条件和样品相态等因素影响竞争过程。用DSC-FT IR联用技术和热裂解原位池/FT IR分析了主要分解气相产物和凝聚相中主要官能团的变化。结果表明,RDX和HM X热分解的主要分解气相产物为N2O,CH2O,CO,CO2,H2O和HCN。RDX的分解气相产物CH2O和H2O红外吸收率的温度关系曲线都产生双峰,RDX基团-NNO2的吸收带1 589 cm-1和1 278 cm-1有两个不同速率的变化过程。用N-N键和C-N键竞争断裂的观点解释了RDX与HM X热分析和产物分析的结果。 相似文献