有机溶剂CCl4萃取法测定酱油中的微量铜

采用DDTC(铜试剂)-光度法测定酱油中的微量铜,研究了DDTC与铜显色反应的条件。结果表明,在pH9.5~11.0条件下,铜试剂与Cu(Ⅱ)生成棕黄色的络合物,其最大吸收波长442nm,铜含量在0.02~4.50μg/mL范围内遵从比耳定律,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1.34×103L.mol-1.cm-1。     

新显色剂3-噻唑偶氮-5-氨基苯酚与铜(Ⅱ)显色反应的研究与应用

研究了铜(Ⅱ)与3-噻唑偶氮-5-氨基苯酚(3-TAP)的显色反应,在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)存在下,pH6.5的clark-lubs缓冲溶液中3-TAP与铜反应,生成1:1稳定络合物,λmax=546nm,ε546=3.45×104L/mol·cm铜含量在 0～2.8μg/ml内符合比耳定律,该方法用于食品中铜的测定,结果满意。     

meso-四(4-吡啶)卟啉分光光度法测定蔬菜中微量铜

研究铜与meso-四(4-吡啶)卟啉(TPyrP)的显色反应条件,提出了一个高灵敏度测定铜的分光光度法.络合物的最大吸收波长为422 nm,组成摩尔比为1:1,铜含量在0～1.6 mg/10 mL范围内有较好的线性关系,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.46×105 L/mol·cm,并将其应用于蔬菜中微量铜的测定,结果令人满意.     

褐藻酸钠的分光光度法测试技术

采用铜试剂显色分光光度法测定褐藻酸钠的含量。实验中铜离子与褐藻酸钠反应生成褐藻酸铜,过量铜离子在碱性条件下与铜试剂反应生成黄棕色配合物,在447nm波长条件下测定该配合物的吸光值。利用标准曲线求出与褐藻酸钠结合的铜离子量进而计算褐藻酸钠的含量,最终通过该方法测得褐藻酸钠样品的纯度为99.28%,测定结果的精密度为0.58%。该法具有操作简便、准确、灵敏、重复性好等优点,能够满足褐藻酸钠含量的测定要求。     

光度法测定盐中铜离子的方法研究与比较

通过试验建立分光光度法测定盐产品中铜离子含量的方法,主要研究的技术内容有:铜离子的存在;铜离子对人体的影响;铜离子的测定方法;分光光度法测定盐产品中铜离子含量的条件试验与选择;方法可行性;方法测定结果的比对以及方法的应用.分光光度法测定盐产品中铜离子,方法简便,快速,易于普及,具有较好的准确度,精密度.可应用于盐产品和食品中微量铜离子的测定.     

偶氮类显色剂的合成及其在口蘑微量铜测定中的应用

本文合成了偶氮类试剂3,5-二甲酸-4'-羟基偶氮苯,并研究了其与铜(Ⅱ)的显色反应。应用分光光度计测定了3,5-二甲酸-4'-羟基偶氮苯的用量、四硼酸钠缓冲溶液用量对生成配合物的影响,建立了一种测定口蘑中微量铜的新方法。结果表明:铜(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0~2.5 μg·mL-1内遵从比尔定律,其回归方程为Y=0.1696x+0.0237,R2=0.9921,摩尔吸光系数为4.3×104 L·mol-1·cm-1,铜(Ⅱ)与3,5-二甲酸-4'-羟基偶氮苯形成1:1的配合物。加标回收率为97.0%~101.3%,RSD为0.93%~1.50%。本实验采用新的紫外分光光度法检测铜离子,操作简单、选择性好,用于口蘑中铜的测定,结果为(5.95±0.49)mg/100 g,与ICP光谱仪测得量为(5.89±0.09)mg·100 g-1几乎一致。     

用比色法测定食用盐中亚硝酸盐试验

在弱酸性条件下,食用盐中的亚硝酸盐与对氨基苯磺酸进行重氮反应,反应产物与盐酸萘乙二胺偶合生成红色的偶氮染料,用分光光度计在538 nm波长处测定溶液的吸光度,从工作曲线上查得盐中亚硝酸盐的含量。本文探讨了海水中亚硝酸盐测定方法应用于食用盐中亚硝酸盐含量测量的可行性,试验结果与GB/T5009.33《食品中亚硝酸盐与硝酸盐的测定》测定结果无显著性差异,方法精密度、回收率满足食品中微量元素检测要求。     

以分光光度法测定复方样品中的壳聚糖含量

在pH 5 0的NaAc HAc缓冲液中茜素红与壳聚糖反应生成复合物 ,在 5 3 0nm处产生新的吸收峰 ,反应体系在 42 2nm和 5 3 0nm处吸光值变化与壳聚糖含量成线性关系 ,据此建立一种具有高选择性和高灵敏度的简便快速测定壳聚糖含量的分光光度法。确定了含量分析的条件 ,检测波长为 42 2nm ,线性方程 y =0 63 78-1 13 3 4x(R =-0 997) ,在 0～ 0 2mg/mL范围内呈现良好的线性关系 (R =0 997) ;平均回收率为 99 88%。测定了复方样品中壳聚糖的含量 ,并考察了干扰因素对测定的影响。采用该方法可检测复杂样品中微量的壳聚糖。     

灿烂黄褪色光度法测定调味品中铜含量

研究铜(Ⅱ)与1,10-菲啰啉和灿烂黄的络合反应,建立褪色光度法测定铜含量的新方法。通过试验优化酸度、1,10-菲啰啉用量、灿烂黄用量、反应温度和反应时间等测定条件。结果表明,最大褪色波长为474nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为7.92×104 L/mol·cm,铜(Ⅱ)浓度在0~0.6μg/mL范围内服从比尔定律,检出限为4.89μg/L。方法用于测定调味品中铜含量,结果与原子吸收光谱法一致,相对标准偏差为1.02%~1.36%(n=5),回收率为99.8%~102.1%。     

孔雀石绿褪色光度法测定食品中亚硫酸盐含量

研究了测定食品中亚硫酸盐的最佳检测条件,建立了简便测定食品中亚硫酸盐的褪色光度法。实验发现:在温度25℃、pH7.0磷酸盐缓冲液条件下反应5min,亚硫酸盐能使孔雀石绿褪色,在最大吸收波长615nm处测量孔雀石绿的褪色强度。亚硫酸盐含量在0～0.6mg/L范围内呈良好线性关系,回归方程为:ΔA=0.65C+0.0603,其测定相关系数为0.9997,方法的最低检出限为0.1μg/ml,加标回收率为95.8%～103.1%。本法所用仪器简单、操作方便、选择性好,应用于食品中亚硫酸盐的测定结果令人满意。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the