纳米糊精微球对头孢曲松钠的吸附及其释药性能

以糊精为原料,三偏磷酸钠为交联剂,利用反相微乳液法制备糊精纳米微球,并对头孢曲松钠的吸附载药和释药性能进行了研究。为模拟人体血液环境,选取了pH 7.4的磷酸二氢钠-磷酸氢二钠缓冲液为介质考查了糊精微球的吸附载药及降解性能。实验表明,纳米糊精微球对头孢曲松钠的载药率为9.44%,载药能力随着投药量的增加而增加,温度对载药能力的影响不显著,在α-淀粉酶存在的条件下,降解6 h后有23.94%的纳米糊精微球被降解。     

壳聚糖微球对环丙沙星吸附的研究

采用分光光度法研究了功能高分子壳聚糖及其微球对环丙沙星的吸附及控制释放;考察了吸附时间、初始浓度及pH值对吸附的影响。     

单分散共聚微球的制备及其表面性能

以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵 (MTC) 为共聚单体, 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP) 为分散稳定剂, 偶氮二异丁腈 (AIBN) 为引发剂, 在去离子水和乙醇的介质中采用分散聚合的方法制备了微米级单分散聚苯乙烯 (PS) 微球.结果表明:MTC与PS发生共聚;AIBN及PVP用量对共聚微球的尺寸及尺寸分布有影响;共聚单体MTC的用量不影响共聚微球的尺寸分布;在苯乙烯用量为20 g, MTC用量为0.2~0.4 g时能得到表面非常光滑、无破损、无缺陷的共聚物微球, 并且MTC的加入有利于无机粒子TiO₂的包覆.     

BNO纳米微球的制备及其抗磨性能研究

采用CWD法合成了一种新型的BNO纳米粒子,通过调节反应温度来控制其中氧元素的含量,采用FTIR、XRD、EDS等对产物进行结构表征,SEM表明不同反应条件下获得的产物具有不同的形貌,四球磨损试验机的测试结果表明在900℃下合成的BNO纳米粒子具有良好的抗磨损性能.     

纳米卡拉胶微球的制备

利用 Span 80作表面活性剂 ,正丁醇作助表面活性剂制得反相微乳液。将天然海洋高分子κ-卡拉胶进行酸水解使其分子量降低 ,通过反相乳液法对水解后的κ-卡拉胶进行分散并用甲醛和戊二醛进行交联 ,制备卡拉胶微球 ,利用 TEM、IR研究了卡拉胶微球的粒度和分子结构变化。 TEM显示 :低分子量的卡拉胶能够得到纳米级的卡拉胶微球 ,粒径约为 40 nm,添加正丁醇有助于卡拉胶的分散。 IR光谱证明了甲醛和戊二醛在卡拉胶微球内部发生了羟醛缩合反应 ,产生了交联     

改性聚苯乙烯微球对蛋白质的吸附与解吸特性

通过蒸馏-沉淀法制备单分散的聚苯乙烯（PS）微球,并用两亲性聚合物聚乙二醇（PEG）对PS进行修饰．以牛血清蛋白（BSA）为模型,研究PS-PEG微球对BSA的吸附与解吸特性．结果表明,聚合物微球对BSA的吸附受pH、微球上PEG含量以及NaCl溶液质量浓度的影响,作用力为疏水吸附．在无盐水体系下解吸,解吸率最高为96．2％,表明微球在蛋白质分离应用中可重复使用．     

食用级吸附淀粉微球的制备

采用反相悬浮交联的方法,以可溶性淀粉为原料,同时以三偏磷酸钠作为交联剂,Span80作为乳化剂,聚乙二醇6000作为致孔剂,大豆油为油相制备食用级吸附淀粉微球,研究了pH、反应温度、交联剂用量、反应时间和致孔剂用量等对淀粉微球制备的影响。在pH为10、反应温度50℃、交联剂用量0.8%、反应时间5h、致孔剂用量0.08g/g淀粉条件下,得到的多孔性淀粉颗粒的吸附性能最好,对亚甲基蓝吸附量为1.761mg/g淀粉颗粒。通过扫描电镜、N2吸附-脱附对产物结构进行表征,证明淀粉微球具有多孔结构,比表面积为1 699m2/g。     

酶法麦芽糊精生产技术及其应用

麦芽糊精是我国新开发的重要食品工业原料，是由淀粉经α－淀粉酶适当水解得到的ＤＥ值为１０～２０的产品．本文介绍了生产麦芽糊精的工艺流程和设备，制订了产品质量标准，阐述了该产品的特性及应用。     

纳米聚乙烯／二氧化硅复合微球的制备

通过使用熔融乳液法将聚乙烯（PE）用表面活性剂聚乙烯-b-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物（PE～b—PEG）乳化成纳米级胶束,同时采用溶胶-凝胶法将硅源水解并自组装到纳米PE胶束表面上,制备了纳米聚乙烯／二氧化硅复合微球．产物分别用纳米激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行表征．实验结果表明：在适量的表面活性剂PE-b—PEG存在的条件下,复合微球的可控尺寸在30～190nm范围内,平均粒径为94nm．     

Recovery of high specific area silica and sodium fluoride from sodium hexafluorosilicate

Sodium fluoride and high specific area silica were synthesized by using sodium hexafluorosilicate（Na2Si F6） and sodium carbonate decahydrate（Na2CO3·10H2O）. The influencing factors of react temperature, contact time, sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS） and molar ratio of Na2 Si F6 to Na2CO3·10H2O were investigated. The optimum process involves the reaction of 0.075 mol Na2 Si F6 and 150 m L, 0.225 mol Na2CO3·10H2O（molar ratio of 1：3） at 85 °C for 90 min, and 2.0×10-3 mol sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS） as additive. The results show that the purities of Si O2 and Na F at extraction yields of 96.5% and 98.0% are 91.0% and 98.6%, respectively. The obtained Si O2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, Fourier transform infrared ray（FTIR）, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis（DSC-TGA）, N2 absorption/desorption（BET） and laser particle size analyzer. The result demonstrates that Si O2 particles have a high BET surface area of 103 m2/g, and a mean grain size of 985 nm.     

Cementing properties of steel slag activated by sodium silicates and sodium hydroxide

Steel slag which is mainly composed of γ-Ca2SiO4 and other silicates or alumino-silicates is activated by sodium sificates and sodium hydroxide. The powders of such steel slag are usually inert to hydrate and subsequently have very low ability of cementing. But when sodium silicates and sodium hydroxide are used as activators the steel slag shows very good properties of cementing. When activated with NaOH solution the hardened slurry of the steel slag has a compressive strength of 11.13 MPa after being cured for 28 days. When activated with Na2SiO3 solution the samples after being cured for 28 days have an average compres- sive strength of 40.23 MPa. While the steel slag slurry which is only mixed with water has a compressive of 0.88 MPa after being cured for 28 days.     

头孢唑肟钠合成工艺研究

为优化头孢唑肟钠合成工艺,考察了碱种类、有机溶剂、醇水体积比、反应温度等条件对头孢唑肟钠反应收率的影响。确立了较优化的合成工艺条件：以异辛酸钠为转钠剂,异丙醇为溶剂,当异丙醇和水体积比为10∶1时,头孢唑肟钠收率为91.8%,纯度为99.34%（HPLC）,符合《中国药典》2010年版二部标准规定。此方法工艺简单,易于产业化。     

Simulation of thermal and sodium expansion stress in aluminum reduction cells

Two finite element（FE） models were built up for analysis of stress field in the lining of aluminum electrolysis cells. Distribution of sodium concentration in cathode carbon blocks was calculated by one FE model of a cathode block. Thermal stress field was calculated by the other slice model of the cell at the end of the heating-up. Then stresses coupling thermal and sodium expansion were considered after 30 d start-up. The results indicate that sodium penetrates to the bottom of the cathode block after 30 d start-up. The semi-graphitic carbon block has the largest stress at the thermal stage. After 30 d start-up the anthracitic carbon has the greatest sodium expansion stress and the graphitized carbon has the lowest sodium expansion stress. Sodium penetration can cause larger deformation and stress in the cathode carbon block than thermal expansion.     

Wettability and surfactivity of sodium phosphate surfactants in strong alkali solutions

The wettability, surfactivity and the correlation between wettability and surfactivity of sodium diethylhexylphosphate, sodium diethylhexyl polyoxyethylene phosphate and their complex in NaOH solutions were studied. A complex alkali resistant phosphate surfactant with good permeability was prepared. The wettability of surfactants was investigated by measuring the immersion time, sinking time and capillary effects of nature cotton grey fabric in NaOH solutions. The surfactivity of the surfactants was characterized by measuring the surface tension. The effect of the complex on the surface appearance of cotton grey fabric was also investigated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that all the surfactants exhibit good wettability for cotton grey fabric in 0.5–5.0 mol/L of NaOH solutions, the complex system exhibits better wettability in 5.0–7.0 mol/L of NaOH solutions, in comparison with either corresponding single surfactant component employed, and wettability is well correlative with the surfactivities of the surfactant. SEM images indicate that the cotton grey fabric is well wetted by the alkaline surfactant solution and the quality of fabric is improved.     

Generation of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) from sodium chloride solution using C/PbO_2 and Pb/PbO_2 electrodes

Two modified electrodes (Pb/PbO2 and C/PbO2) were prepared by electrodepositing a lead oxide layer on lead and carbon sub-strates. These modified electrodes were used as anodes for the generation of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) from sodium chloride solution. Different operating conditions and factors affecting the treatment process of NaOCl generation, including current density, pH values, con-ductive electrolytes, and electrolysis time, were studied and optimized. By comparison the C/PbO2 electrode shows a higher efficiency than the Pb/PbO2 electrode for the generation of NaOCl.     

间硝基苯磺酸钠的制备工艺研究

探讨了间硝基苯磺酸钠的制备工艺,研究了磺化剂的确定、磺化浓度和温度的选择、磺化的配比等.此工艺简单可行,磺化剂原料易得.原料消耗定额较低,产品收率较高,质量较好.     

叶绿素铜钠盐的制备

用正交法考察了温度、ＮａＯＨ用量、溶剂Ａ的溶剂Ｂ的体积比,以及溶剂总体积和糊状叶绿素重量比四因素对叶绿素铜酸制备过程中的皂化工序的影响;对铜代过程中硫酸铜用量和铜代条件进行试验;探索了酸化结晶工序的工艺条件;采用了反萃结晶法精制叶绿素铜酸;测定了叶绿素铜酸在溶剂中的溶解度;研究了反萃结晶过程的工艺条件;考察了蒸发干燥过程中温度和时间的影响。在对叶绿素铜钠盐制备过程的总结和分析的基础上,提出了优化的     

电解法合成高铁酸钠的实验研究

通过改变传统电极设置位置,评定影响电解效率的各因素以实现电流效率的最大化.在简化电解装置的同时,不影响电流效率的提高.实验结果表明,将传统左右式设置电极改为上下式设置电极,阴极距液面2cm,阳极距底面4cm,电流密度2mA/cm2,NaOH浓度14mol/L,温度60℃,电解1.5h,并加入搅拌的情况下电流效率最大达到58%.