Dynamic control of electronic differential in the field weakening region

A simple and dynamic electronic differential control method for an outer rotor motor driven electric vehicle based on fuzzy gain scheduling of PI gains method is proposed for constant torque and power region operation using brushless direct current (BLDC) machine. The proposed method is quite insensitive to torque fluctuations and transient speed oscillations due to surface mounted permanent magnet (SMPM) BLDC machines constraints in the field weakening region. To improve the dynamics and stability of the electronic differential system and eliminate the skidding of the wheels and reduce the heating of electric machine in the wide speed range operation, a robust control method is developed. Moreover, PI controller gains are updated continuously by fuzzy gain scheduling approach which has phase advance angle, steering angle and measured speed as controller input parameters in order to eliminate the errors caused from the variable road conditions and torque oscillations in the field weakening region. The proposed method is implemented with 2 × 1.5 kW BLDC motor drive controlled by a TMS320F28335 digital signal processor (DSP). The experimental results show that the proposed method exhibits greater stability under various load, road and vehicle speed conditions.     

板带轧机轧辊偏心补偿的仿真研究

随着对带钢质量要求的提高,轧辊偏心已成为影响产品质量的重要因素.本文在冷轧轧机的板厚控制模型的基础上,建立了300冷轧机的偏心补偿控制方法.本文利用小波对轧制力信号进行多层分解,将偏心信号与干扰和噪声分离,并进行优化补偿,通过实时控制对轧辊偏心进行补偿,仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效补偿轧辊偏心对板厚的影响.     

基于阻抗的匝间故障早期诊断系统设计与实现

提出了一种使用输入阻抗来诊断无刷直流电动机（brushless dc motors,BLDC）定子绕组匝间故障（inter-turn fault,ITF）的算法,并设计了相应的故障检测系统进行了实现。该系统的优势在于具有早期检测能力以及适用于各种速度范围检测。提出的故障检测技术通过使用输入电压和输入电流来计算输入阻抗,并将其与数据库中的数值比较。相比传统的方法,由于不需要快速傅里叶变换（FFT）,因此提出的算法更加迅速且简单。实验测试结果表明提出的检测方法在各种转速条件下均具有较高的精确度。     

Higher-Order Properties of Analytic Wavelets

The influence of higher-order wavelet properties on the analytic wavelet transform behavior is investigated, and wavelet functions offering advantageous performance are identified. This is accomplished through detailed investigation of the generalized Morse wavelets, a two-parameter family of exactly analytic continuous wavelets. The degree of time/frequency localization, the existence of a mapping between scale and frequency, and the bias involved in estimating properties of modulated oscillatory signals, are proposed as important considerations. Wavelet behavior is found to be strongly impacted by the degree of asymmetry of the wavelet in both the frequency and the time domain, as quantified by the third central moments. A particular subset of the generalized Morse wavelets, recognized as deriving from an inhomogeneous Airy function, emerge as having particularly desirable properties. These ldquoAiry waveletsrdquo substantially outperform the only approximately analytic Morlet wavelets for high time localization. Special cases of the generalized Morse wavelets are examined, revealing a broad range of behaviors which can be matched to the characteristics of a signal.     

Advanced simulation model for IPM motor drive with considering phase voltage and stator inductance

This paper proposes an advanced simulation model of driving system for Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) BrushLess Direct Current (BLDC) motors driven by 120-degree conduction method (two-phase conduction method, TPCM) that is widely used for sensorless control of BLDC motors. BLDC motors can be classified as SPM (Surface mounted Permanent Magnet) and IPM motors. Simulation model of driving system with SPM motors is simple due to the constant stator inductance regardless of the rotor position. Simulation models of SPM motor driving system have been proposed in many researches. On the other hand, simulation models for IPM driving system by graphic-based simulation tool such as Matlab/Simulink have not been proposed. Simulation study about driving system of IPMs with TPCM is complex because stator inductances of IPM vary with the rotor position, as permanent magnets are embedded in the rotor. To develop sensorless scheme or improve control performance, development of control algorithm through simulation study is essential, and the simulation model that accurately reflects the characteristic of IPM is required. Therefore, this paper presents the advanced simulation model of IPM driving system, which takes into account the unique characteristic of IPM due to the position-dependent inductances. The validity of the proposed simulation model is validated by comparison to experimental and simulation results using IPM with TPCM control scheme.     

经典规范正交子波的一种简单广义化方法及其应用

从最简单的Haar尺度函数入手，提出一种简单而又快捷的方法，将每一个经典的规范正交子波基进行拓展得到一类新的规范正交子波基。新子波类中的每一个子波均继承了原始子波的许多基本性质，比如规范正交性，正则阶，时、频局域化特性等，同时也得到某些性能的改善，文中重点探讨广义Haar子波、广义Shannon子波和Meyer子波、Daubechies子波等的简单广义化；最后讨论新子波系统的一个直接应用：实（序列）信号解析子波变换的快速算法问题。     

Nonlinear adaptive control of direct-drive brushless DC motors andapplications to robotic manipulators

Robust adaptive nonlinear control of brushless DC (BLDC) motors is considered. A controller is designed for the plant that is robust to parametric and dynamic uncertainties in the entire electromechanical system. These uncertainties are shown to be bounded by polynomials in the states. In addition, the controller can reject any bounded unmeasurable disturbances entering the system. A model for the motor incorporating magnetic saturation is used to design voltage-level control inputs for the motor. The design methodology is based on our earlier work on adaptive control of nonlinear systems. The overall stability of the system is shown using Lyapunov techniques. The tracking error is shown to be globally uniformly bounded. The design procedure is shown to be also applicable to multilink manipulators actuated by BLDC motors. The performance of the controller is verified through simulations and comparisons with a proportional-integral-derivative-type controller are made     

Blind self-authentication of images for robust watermarking using integer wavelet transform

In this letter a new technique for robust watermarking of images is proposed based on second-generation wavelets (lifting-based integer wavelet transform). The scheme along with its robustness has got the capability of blind self-authentication of the watermarked images. The watermarked images show no perpetual degrading and gives peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) in excess of 40 dB due to the use of integer-to-integer transform. Simulation results show the superior performance of the proposed technique as compared to a similar existing scheme under different attacks such as filtering, compression and rotation. Further, due to two independent process of watermark sequence extraction proposed in this letter, any alteration in the image results into dissimilar sequences, thereby detecting tampering in the image.     

基于小波变换的直线检测

提出了一种利用小波变换来检测图像中直线的方法,对小波变换提取图像直线能力做了理论分析,并利用B样条小波对图像进行多级小波变换,计算变换后模值和幅角,利用Hough变换从高分辨率到低分辨率依次确定图像中直线的位置。试验表明,该方法能快速、准确检测到图像中的直线。     

A Novel Digital Control Technique for Brushless DC Motor Drives

Brushless DC (BLDC) motor drives are continually gaining popularity in motion control applications. Therefore, it is necessary to have a low cost, but effective BLDC motor speed/torque regulator. This paper introduces a novel concept for digital control of trapezoidal BLDC motors. The digital controller was implemented via two different methods, namely conduction-angle control and current-mode control. Motor operation is allowed only at two operating points or states. Alternating between the two operating points results in an average operating point that produces an average operating speed. The controller design equations are derived from Newton's second law. The novel controller is verified via computer simulations and an experimental demonstration is carried out with the rapid prototyping and real-time interface system dSPACE.     

An online identification method for both stator-and rotorresistances of induction motors without rotational transducers

This paper describes an effective online method for identifying both stator and rotor resistances, which is useful in robust speed control of induction motors without rotational transducers. The identification method for stator resistance is derived from the steady-state equations of induction motor dynamics. On the other hand, the identification method for rotor resistance is based on the linearly perturbed equations of induction motor dynamics about the operating point. The identification method for both stator and rotor resistances uses only the information of stator currents and voltages. It can provide fairly good identification accuracy regardless of load conditions and be easily incorporated into any sensorless speed controller proposed in the prior literature. Some experimental results are presented to demonstrate the practical use of the identification method. A sensorless speed control system has been built for experimental work, in which all algorithms for identification and control are implemented on a digital signal processor. The experimental results confirm that the proposed method allows for high-precision speed control of commercially available induction motors without rotational transducers     

基于时间—顶点谱图小波变换的动态纹理分类方法

动态纹理在空间和时间上表现出"外观"和"运动"属性,为了有效结合这两种属性进行动态纹理分析,本文提出一种基于时间—顶点谱图小波变换与边缘分布协方差模型的动态纹理分类方法.该方法将动态纹理看成时间—顶点图信号,利用时间—顶点谱图Meyer小波变换对动态纹理进行多尺度分解,再对每个子带应用边缘分布协方差模型,由此得到带内相...     

噪声背景下雷达低速小目标检测的一种新方法

该文在研究Duffing振子特性之后,基于Duffing振子与小波变换和神经网络相结合,提出了一种适用于低速小目标的Duffing振子雷达检测新方法。仿真实验表明,该检测方法能在低信噪比环境中,以低虚警率对低速目标进行有效检测。     

Development and Implementation of a Novel Fault Diagnostic and Protection Technique for IPM Motor Drives

This paper presents the practical implementation of a novel fault diagnostic and protection scheme for the interior permanent-magnet (IPM) synchronous motors using wavelet packet transform (WPT) and artificial neural network. In the proposed technique, the line currents of different faulted and normal conditions of the IPM motor are preprocessed by the WPT. The second level WPT coefficients of line currents are used as inputs of a three-layer feedforward neural network. The proposed protection technique is successfully simulated and experimentally tested on the line-fed and inverter-fed IPM motors. The Texas Instrument 32-bit floating-point digital signal processor TMS320C31 is used for the real-time implementation of the proposed protection algorithm. The offline and online test results of both line-fed and inverter-fed IPM motors are given. These test results showed satisfactory performances of the proposed diagnostic and protection technique in terms of speed, accuracy, and reliability.     

Optimal control of brushless PM motor in parallel hybrid propulsion system

The paper outlines a case study on optimal control of a brushless direct-current (BLDC) motor as a part of an Integrated Starter-Generator and torque Booster (ISGtB) application in a hybrid propulsion system. The main scope of the introduced research work is the optimization of the BLDC motor torque characteristics. The discussed hybrid propulsion system consists of an internal combustion (IC) engine and a BLDC machine and is in its origin intended to drive the motorcycle. Stringent starting torque demands, electrical machine geometry limitations and a wide rotational speed range of the BLDC motor are reasons for control algorithm analysis in the low-speed operation range. Two approaches for the optimization of the torque characteristics are discussed, the flux-weakening method and a modification of transistor conduction angle. A novel control principle which includes both of the above approaches is proposed. A comparison between a commonly used control method and the proposed control method is presented. Simulation and experimental results fully confirm improvements in the starting procedure of the hybrid propulsion system attained by the proposed control algorithm of the BLDC motor.     

基于小波变换的信号滤波在探地雷达中的应用

利用小波变换的时频局域性,提出了一种探地雷达信号处理的滤波方法.在连续小波变换的基础上,同时联合尺度和频率,通过能量分析确定回波信号主要分量所在区间,通过尺度分解和频域滤波剔除干扰分量,在此基础上重构信号,提高了信噪比.并针对不同连续小波基对信号处理的性能进行分析,对比结果表明与雷达发射母波相似的小波基在探地雷达信号处理中更有效.     

The dual-tree complex wavelet transform

The paper discusses the theory behind the dual-tree transform, shows how complex wavelets with good properties can be designed, and illustrates a range of applications in signal and image processing. The authors use the complex number symbol C in CWT to avoid confusion with the often-used acronym CWT for the (different) continuous wavelet transform. The four fundamentals, intertwined shortcomings of wavelet transform and some solutions are also discussed. Several methods for filter design are described for dual-tree CWT that demonstrates with relatively short filters, an effective invertible approximately analytic wavelet transform can indeed be implemented using the dual-tree approach.     

基于单霍尔传感器的转子位置检测电路的设计

在永磁同步电机矢量控制系统中,常需要高分辨率的转子位置信号.通过设计一个转子位置检测电路将低分辨率的霍尔信号转换成高分辨率的转子位置信号.详细分析了转子位置检测电路的原理,同时对该位置检测电路的静态预估误差和动态过程进行了分析.该电路用于一台高速永磁同步电机驱动系统中,实现了高速永磁同步电机的正弦波驱动的稳速控制.实验结果验证了该文所设计电路的可行性.     

Sensorless speed measurement using current harmonic spectralestimation in induction machine drives

This paper proposes a sensorless speed measurement scheme that improves the performance of transducerless induction machine drives, especially for low-frequency operation. Speed-related harmonics that arise from rotor slotting and eccentricity are analyzed using digital signal processing. These current harmonics exist at any nonzero speed and are independent of time-varying parameters, such as stator winding resistance. A spectral estimation technique combines multiple current harmonics to determine the rotor speed with more accuracy and less sensitivity to noise than analog filtering methods or the fast Fourier transform. An on-line initialization routine determines machine-specific parameters required for slot harmonic calculations. This speed detector, which has been verified at frequencies as low as 1 Hz, can provide robust, parameter-independent information for parameter tuning or as an input to a sensorless flux observer for a field-oriented drive. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated over a wide range of inverter frequencies and load conditions