GO/PANI改性环氧树脂@TiO2/CdS涂层的光生阴极保护性能

为解决二氧化钛/硫化镉(TiO₂/CdS)复合材料作为光生阴极防腐保护材料无法对金属提供持久性光生阴极保护、导电率低和载流子复合率高等问题,引入氧化石墨烯(GO)和聚苯胺(PANI)材料,通过水热法和原位聚合法制备了TiO₂/CdS/GO/PANI复合材料,将其作为改性环氧树脂涂层,制备出兼具优异光电转换性能和防腐性能的双功能环氧树脂基涂层。通过对Q235碳钢(Q235 CS)表面进行涂覆,研究了复合涂层的光生阴极保护电化学性能和防腐性能参数。结果表明,TiO₂/CdS/GO/PANI修饰后的环氧树脂基涂层表现出优异的光电化学性能和防腐性能,光电流密度达到0.15 A/cm²,开路电位为-0.8 V,防腐蚀效率高达98.55%。     

NiS/TiO2/Ti3C2三元异质结结构的构筑及光催化产氢性能

二维过渡金属碳化物MXene(Ti₃C₂)因其优良二维层状结构及导电性被认为是一种理想的光催化材料。采用两步水热法结合原位自氧化方法合成了NiS/TiO₂/Ti₃C₂(TCTNS)三元复合光催化剂。运用多种分析手段(场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、紫外-可见光(UV-Vis)吸收光谱仪及光电流测试)对其结构进行了表征,研究了其光催化分解水产氢的活性,探讨了材料的组成、结构与性能之间的相互影响。结果表明,与单一NiS和二元TiO₂/Ti₃C₂催化剂相比,复合光催化剂具有更高的光电性能。其可见光驱动的光催化H₂产氢速率可达3 269μmol/(g·h),是二元TiO₂/Ti₃C₂产氢速率的约19倍。实验结果表明,由于NiS和TiO₂纳米颗粒覆盖重建的多异质结界面,以及TCTNS复合...     

Cu9S5/TiO2纳米管的制备及其光催化降解性能研究

采用牺牲模板法和水热法结合的合成路径,将Cu₉S₅层负载于TiO₂纳米管上,制备了性能优良的TiO₂纳米管状异质结光催化剂。Cu₉S₅和TiO₂两者之间异质结的形成使得体系的带隙缩小至2.77 eV,相对于纯TiO₂显著拓宽了光吸收范围。基于密度泛函理论利用VASP软件计算的差分电荷密度图以及瞬时光电流响应测试表明Cu₉S₅/TiO₂纳米管状异质结光催化剂具有优良的光生载流子分离能力。本工作所合成的Cu₉S₅/TiO₂纳米管状异质结光催化剂可在120 min内去除98%的罗丹明B(RhB,10 mg·L^-1)以及99%的盐酸四环素(TCH,30 mg·L^-1)。循环光催化降解测试表明Cu₉S₅/T...     

自组装NiO/还原氧化石墨烯复合材料及其超级电容性能研究

通过水热法制备得到α-Ni(OH)₂,在甲酰胺溶剂中,通过机械振荡结合超声对其进行剥离,得到厚度约为1.1 nm的Ni(OH)₂纳米片,与氧化石墨烯(GO)悬浮液混合后,静电自组装得到Ni(OH)₂/GO,经高温热处理获得NiO/还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)复合材料。同时研究了NiO/rGO的结构、形貌及其用作超级电容器电极材料的电化学性能。形貌表征显示NiO/rGO呈层-层形貌,N₂吸-脱附实验表明复合材料存在介孔结构。在KOH电解液中,1 A/g电流密度下NiO/rGO的比容量为1564 F/g,远高于初始Ni(OH)₂和单纯的NiO;组装的NiO/rGO//石墨烯水凝胶(GH)非对称超级电容器(ASC)器件,充放电电位窗口为0～1.6 V,10 A/g电流密度下经1000次充放电循环的比容量保持率达84.2%。     

飞秒激光加工Ag-TiO2微纳结构及其光催化性能研究

为了提高TiO₂在太阳光下的催化性能, 采用真空蒸镀法在金属钛表面蒸镀Ag膜, 并结合飞秒激光做一步加工, 同步实现了微纳结构TiO₂的生成与Ag粒子的复合, 取得了具有良好太阳光催化性能的掺Ag的TiO₂表面。结果表明, 经300min模拟太阳光辐照, 掺杂Ag的TiO₂微纳复合材料对亚甲基蓝的降解率为70%, 是具有同样结构的TiO₂材料的1.5倍; 这种基于体材料直接加工的方法可以提高比表面积, 解决传统TiO₂分散性高、难回收的问题; 利用这种方法制备的结构化掺杂Ag的TiO₂材料在模拟太阳光照下光催化性能得到显著提升。这一结果对制备环保高效的TiO₂光催化剂具有重要的潜在应用价值, 并有望应用于工厂大规模快速生产。     

自供能Bi2O2Se/TiO2异质结紫外探测器的制备与光电探测性能

采用一步水热法合成了不同质量分数的Bi₂O₂Se/TiO₂异质结构,对其进行了X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜表征,并基于Bi₂O₂Se/TiO₂异质结制备了紫外探测器。实验结果表明：在365 nm紫外光的照射下,Bi₂O₂Se的质量分数为60%时,Bi₂O₂Se/TiO₂异质结探测器的光电探测性能最好,光电流高于Bi₂O₂Se探测器,是TiO₂探测器的7倍;响应时间约为30 ms,是TiO₂探测器的1/6。Bi₂O₂Se/TiO₂异质结探测器的响应度和探测率分别为10^-3A/W、1.08×10⁷cm·Hz^1/2/W,均比...     

退火温度对溶胶-凝胶法制备的TiO2/石墨烯 复合材料性能影响

为了研究退火温度对TiO2/ 石墨烯复合材料物相结构、微观形貌、光催性能的影响,采用溶胶－凝胶法制备 TiO2/石墨烯复合材料1并分别在350 ℃ 、450℃和550 ℃对复合材料进行退火处理。研究结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,TiO2/石墨烯复合材料的晶粒尺寸逐渐增加,结晶性变好,出现了卷曲状的石墨烯?光催化性能先增大后降低,当退火温度为450℃时,复合材料禁带宽度为2.9ｅＶ,具有最佳的光催化活性。     

WO3/SnO2复合薄膜的制备及光电性能

采用水热法和电化学沉积法,成功制备了包覆有SnO₂纳米颗粒的WO₃纳米棒阵列薄膜,退火处理后形成WO₃/SnO₂异质结复合薄膜。通过改变SnO₂的沉积时间得到了复合薄膜的最佳制备条件。采用XRD,FESEM对WO₃/SnO₂复合薄膜的物相和形貌进行了分析,通过电化学工作站对WO₃/SnO₂复合薄膜的光电性能进行了研究,结果表明,电沉积时间为120 s时,WO₃/SnO₂复合薄膜具有最小的阻抗,且在0.6 V的偏压下光电流密度为0.46 mA/cm²,相比于单一WO₃纳米棒薄膜,表现出更好的光电化学性能。     

用于重金属离子电化学传感器的TiO2NT/AuNP纳米复合材料

采用水热合成法将金纳米颗粒(AuNP)修饰到TiO₂纳米管(TiO₂NT)表面。用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)对制备的纳米复合材料进行表征。采用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和循环伏安法分析了TiO₂NT/AuNP纳米复合材料修饰的玻碳电极(GCE)。通过方波阳极溶出伏安法(SWASV)分析了纳米复合材料检测重金属离子的可行性。纳米复合材料对Pb(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Hg(Ⅱ)和Cu(Ⅱ)具有较高的电分析活性和灵敏度,对Pb(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Hg(Ⅱ)和Cu(Ⅱ)的灵敏度分别为15.63、213.19、287.86和72.75μA·μM^-1(1 M=1 mol/L),检出限分别为0.052、0.004、0.003和0.011μmol/L。采用TiO₂NT/AuNP纳米复合材料对多种重金属离子进行了检测。此外,TiO₂NT/AuNP/GCE具有抗干扰性能和稳定性。因此,TiO₂NT/AuNP纳米复合材料可适用于电化学传感器来检测多种重金属离子。     

石墨烯/铜镍铁氧体复合材料的制备及性能研究

为制备出宽波段磁波衰减材料,采用水热法制备得到了石墨烯/铜镍铁氧体复合材料（CNFRGO）,并对其进行SEM、XRD、红外光谱和拉曼光谱表征分析;然后测量其2~18 GHz的电磁参数,并计算其损耗角正切值和反射损耗,进而分析其微波衰减性能;最后,测量其中远红外波段的复折射率,利用测量数据和T矩阵法计算分析其红外波段消光和吸收性能。结果表明,尖晶石型铜镍铁氧体纳米颗粒吸附在还原石墨烯上,粒径大部分约为20 nm;CNFRGO同时具有介电损耗和磁损耗两种机制,其反射损耗低于-10 dB的频宽为3.7 GHz,在11.8 GHz处有峰值-14.7 dB;CNFRGO在近红外波段消光较强主要由散射引起,中远红外波段则主要由吸收决定,而其吸收能力在近红外和中红外波段较强,但在远红外大气窗口内相对较弱。因此,CNFRGO可同时吸收微波和红外辐射,是一种良好的微波与红外兼容材料。     

尖晶石型磁性纳米材料的制备及研究进展

综述了近年来在尖晶石型铁氧体制备领域的一些最新进展,主要介绍了机械合金化法、sol-gel法、水热合成法、微乳液法、化学共沉淀法和燃烧合成法等,并对各种制备方法进行了简要的评价。对其研究前景进行了展望。     

碳基纳米吸波材料制备的研究进展

为探索民用电磁屏蔽和军用隐形碳基高性能吸波材料的制备,研究了碳纳米管和磁性金属复合,碳纳〖JP2〗米管和铁氧体复合,碳纳米管/聚合物复合,碳、石墨基复合等碳基吸波材料的不同复合和制备方法,比较了其反射损耗等不同的特点、影响因素和性能特点及其相关应用。结果表明,多元复合、低维化、工艺优化是其制备的有效途径。     

Synthesis and visible catalytic applications of graphene–titania dioxide nanotube composites

A novel photocatalyst of graphene–titania dioxide nanotube (GN–TNT) composites was prepared using a simple hydrothermal reaction with ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. High resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and N₂ adsorption/desorption analyzer (BET) methods were used to assess the morphologies and structures of as-synthesized materials. HR-TEM analysis further confirmed the presences of graphene and titanium (TiO₂) nanotubes in the nanocomposite photocatalyst. The results exhibited that photocatalytic performance of a GN–TNT photocatalyst significantly improved under visible light. In addition, the existence of a competitive effect between As³⁺ and reactive black 5 (RBK5) molecules in the mixed solution was found. The photocatalytic process is also discussed in this paper.     

碳基气凝胶复合材料电磁波吸收材料研究进展

随着无线电通信技术和各种电子设备的广泛应用,电磁污染日益严重,具有三维多孔结构的电磁波吸收材料成为科学研究的热点。总结了碳基气凝胶复合材料的研究进展,详细介绍了石墨烯气凝胶、生物质衍生的碳气凝胶和聚合物衍生的碳气凝胶的多种制备方法,碳气凝胶与磁性颗粒、碳化硅、碳纳米管和MXene复合而成的复合碳基气凝胶吸波材料的吸波性能。简要阐述了吸波材料的损耗机理,讨论了碳基气凝胶复合材料的组分、微观结构和损耗机制对吸波性能的影响。最后,就目前研究现状总结了碳基气凝胶复合材料在制备和性能提升方面的挑战,展望了碳基气凝胶复合材料的研究重点和发展方向。     

Graphene‐Based Nanomaterials: Synthesis,Properties, and Optical and Optoelectronic Applications

Graphene, a two‐dimensional, single‐atom‐thick carbon crystal arranged in a honeycomb lattice, shows extraordinary electronic, mechanical, thermal, optical, and optoelectronic properties, and has great potential in next‐generation electronics, optics, and optoelectronics. Graphene and graphene‐based nanomaterials have witnessed a very fast development of both fundamental and practical aspects in optics and optoelectronics since 2008. In this Feature Article, the synthesis techniques and main electronic and optical properties of graphene‐based nanomaterials are introduced with a comprehensive view. Recent progress of graphene‐based nanomaterials in optical and optoelectronic applications is then reviewed, including transparent conductive electrodes, photodetectors and phototransistors, photovoltaics and light emitting devices, saturable absorbers for ultrafast lasers, and biological and photocatalytic applications. In the final section, perspectives are given and future challenges in optical and optoelectronic applications of graphene‐based nanomaterials are addressed.     

One‐Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of 2D Hexagonal Nanoplates of α‐Fe2O3/Graphene Composites with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

There has been significant progress in the field of semiconductor photocatalysis, but it is still a challenge to fabricate low‐cost and high‐activity photocatalysts because of safety issues and non‐secondary pollution to the environment. Here, 2D hexagonal nanoplates of α‐Fe₂O₃/graphene composites with relatively good distribution are synthesized for the first time using a simple, one‐step, template‐free, hydrothermal method that achieves the effective reduction of the graphene oxide (GO) to graphene and intimate and large contact interfaces of the α‐Fe₂O₃ nanoplates with graphene. The α‐Fe₂O₃/graphene composites showed significantly enhancement in the photocatalytic activity compared with the pure α‐Fe₂O₃ nanoplates. At an optimal ratio of 5 wt% graphene, 98% of Rhodamine (RhB) is decomposed with 20 min of irradiation, and the rate constant of the composites is almost four times higher than that of pure α‐Fe₂O₃ nanoplates. The decisive factors in improving the photocatalytic performance are the intimate and large contact interfaces between 2D hexagonal α‐Fe₂O₃ nanoplates and graphene, in addition to the high electron withdrawing/storing ability and the highconductivity of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) formed during the hydrothermal reaction. The effective charge transfer from α‐Fe₂O₃ nanoplates to graphene sheets is demonstrated by the significant weakening of photoluminescence in α‐Fe₂O₃/graphene composites.     

Graphene‐Based Mesoporous SnO2 with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Graphene‐based metal oxides generally show outstanding electrochemical performance due to the superior properties of graphene. However, the aggregation of active metal oxide nanoparticles on the graphene surface may result in a capacity fading and poor cycle performance. Here, a mesostructured graphene‐based SnO₂ composite is prepared through in situ growth of SnO₂ particles on the graphene surface using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the structure‐directing agent. This novel mesoporous composite inherits the advantages of graphene nanosheets and mesoporous materials and exhibits higher reversible capacity, better cycle performance, and better rate capability compared to pure mesoporous SnO₂ and graphene‐based nonporous SnO₂. It is concluded that the synergetic effect between graphene and mesostructure benefits the improvement of the electrochemical properties of the hybrid composites. This facile method may offer an attractive alternative approach for preparation of the graphene‐based mesoporous composites as high‐ performance electrodes for lithium‐ion batteries.     

结构型铁砂基复合电波吸收体研究

由天然尖晶石铁氧体（铁砂）为基制备的复合电波吸收材料，在７～１２ＧＨｚ，吸收率Ａ为１２～２７ｄＢ，匹配厚度ｄ为１．４ｍｍ。将几种铁砂基复合吸收材料制成双层结构电波吸收体，Ａ最大达４０ｄＢ，匹配厚度ｄ为１ｍｍ，频带增宽。这是一种廉价的吸收材料，其造价仅为一般铁氧体吸收材料的１／１０，有较大实用价值。     

Improvement of visible light photocatalytic activity over graphene oxide/CuInS2/ZnO nanocomposite synthesized by hydrothermal method

In this study, graphene oxide/CuInS₂/ZnO as a new photocatalyst with light absorption properties in the visible region were successfully synthesized via hydrothermal route. The UV–vis absorption spectra of the catalyst suggested that the graphene oxide/CuInS₂/ZnO is active under visible light. It was evaluated the photocatalytic activities of graphene oxide/CuInS₂/ZnO on the degradation of Rhodamine B under visible light irradiation and was found that the graphene oxide/CuInS₂/ZnO obtained exhibit photocatalytic activity higher than single ZnO and CuInS₂/ZnO. Presence of graphene oxide with high specific surface area and great conductivity make it as a good support for CuInS₂/ZnO and improves removal efficiency for degradation of Rhodamine B.