石英纤维织物增强复合材料性能研究

本文分别研究了QW280和TC 8/3-K-TO石英纤维织物/改性环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能和介电性能,结果表明QW280/改性环氧树脂复合材料与TC 8/3-K-TO/改性环氧树脂复合材料力学性能和介电性能基本相当.     

阻燃香蕉纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的动态力学性能和热性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂(A-174)对香蕉纤维(BF)进行表面处理,采用硫酸铵、硼砂、磷酸氢二铵、磷酸三丁酯作为阻燃剂处理BF,选用添加了阻燃剂三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐(MPP)和季戊四醇(PER)的环氧树脂作为基体树脂,通过热压成型工艺制备阻燃BF增强环氧树脂复合材料。分别采用动态力学分析(DMA)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析(TG)研究阻燃BF增强环氧树脂复合材料的动态力学性能、微观形貌以及热性能。结果表明:当阻燃BF含量为30%时,复合材料的储能模量、损耗模量达到最大值,分别比纯环氧树脂提高了570%和110%;当阻燃纤维含量为20%时,复合材料的玻璃化转变温度也比纯环氧树脂提高了16.9℃。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察说明纤维与环氧树脂之间产生良好的界面黏合作用,宏观上表现为动态力学性能的提高;热失重研究结果表明,阻燃BF的加入能明显提高环氧树脂的热分解温度和残炭率。     

快速固化环氧树脂/碳纤维复合材料的性能

利用差示扫描量热分析仪研究了一种快速固化环氧树脂体系的固化工艺参数,确定了以真空辅助树脂灌注工艺制备快速固化环氧树脂/碳纤维复合材料的成型方法,并与常规固化环氧树脂体系制备的碳纤维复合材料进行对比,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对两种材料的树脂基体进行了分析,考察了两种复合材料的纤维含量、孔隙率及力学性能,最后通过扫描电子显微镜观察了快速固化树脂基体与碳纤维的界面结合性。结果表明,快速固化树脂在99℃下固化6 min后固化度可达96%,能够大幅缩减碳纤维复合材料的成型时间,以其制备的碳纤维复合材料拉伸强度比常规固化环氧树脂复合材料高11.20%,弯曲强度高16.92%,纵横剪切强度高7.44%,快速固化树脂与碳纤维界面结合性良好。     

一种OOA成型中温固化环氧树脂芳纶纤维预浸料研究

研制一种OOA(非热压罐)成型中温固化环氧树脂芳纶纤维预浸料,对树脂进行流变性能和DSC分析,确定树脂的固化工艺。采用热熔法制备OOA成型芳纶纤维预浸料,通过真空袋法成型复合材料层压板,进行性能测试。结果表明,OOA成型中温固化环氧树脂芳纶纤维预浸料适合真空袋法成型复合材料,层压板孔隙率低,力学性能满足要求,复合材料玻璃化转变温度高,具有较好的耐热性。     

热塑性树脂改性电子束固化复合材料环氧树脂基体

本发明涉及一类热塑性树脂改性电子束固化复合材料环氧树脂基体。在本发明中，该类环氧树脂体系主要由环氧树脂、光引发剂和热塑性树脂改性剂组成。光引发剂为碘盐或硫盐。改性剂为酚酞改性聚醚酮、酚酞改性聚醚砜以及环氧官能团封端热塑性工程塑料，经它们改性后的电子束固化环氧树脂为基体的碳纤维复合材料的韧性及纤维基体界面得到改善，     

环氧树脂改性双马来酰亚胺/氰酸酯树脂固化工艺研究

采用差示扫描量热(DSC)法和红外光谱(FT-IR)法对缩水甘油胺型环氧树脂(AG-80)与脂环族缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂(TDE-85)共同改性双马来酰亚胺(BMI)/氰酸酯树脂(CE)的固化反应历程进行了研究,并按照Kissinger和Crane法计算出该改性树脂体系固化反应的动力学参数。结果表明:改性树脂体系的固化反应表观活化能为68.11 kJ/mol,固化反应级数为0.860(接近于1级反应);环氧树脂(EP)可促进CE固化,当固化工艺条件为"150℃/3 h→180℃/2 h"时,改性树脂体系可以固化完全。     

环氧树脂改性酚醛型氰酸酯树脂的研究

用E-51环氧树脂对酚醛型氰酸酯树脂(n-CE)进行增韧改性,研究了改性n-CE树脂体系的凝胶时间,采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了改性n-CE树脂体系的反应活性及固化工艺,通过热重分析法(TGA)分析了不同含量E-51环氧树脂改性n-CE后固化物的热性能,并测定了体系的吸水率及力学性能。结果表明,随着E-51环氧树脂用量的增加,n-CE改性体系的反应活性逐渐提高,固化温度逐渐降低;体系的韧性增加;改性后材料的起始热分解温度均在300℃以上,吸水率均低于2%。     

热塑性树脂改性电子束固化复合材料环氧树脂基体

本发明涉及一类热塑性树脂改性电子柬固化复合材料环氧树脂基体。在本发明中，该类环氧树脂体系主要由环氧树脂、光引发剂和热塑性树脂改性剂组成。光引发剂为碘鎓盐或硫筠盐。改性剂为酚酞改性聚醚酮、酚酞改性聚醚砜以及环氧官能团封端热塑性工程塑料，经它们改性后的电子束固化环氧树脂为基体的碳纤维复合材料的韧性及纤维基体界面得到改善，     

兆瓦级风力发电机叶片用环氧树脂

针对兆瓦级风机叶片用纤维/环氧复合材料的特殊要求,开展了适用于真空辅助灌注(VARTM)工艺的环氧基体树脂的国产化研究。采用国产环氧树脂与实验室自制的稀释剂制备环氧树脂与胺类固化剂配合使用,通过示差扫描量热分析,IR光谱,力学性能,耐热性、粘度及吸水性测试等研究了环氧树脂与固化剂配比对其工艺和固化物性能的影响,获得了初始粘度低、粘度对温度不敏感、操作时间长的环氧基体树脂,其树脂浇注体的拉伸性能、弯曲性能均优于国外环氧树脂固化体系,可满足兆瓦级风机叶片用高性能复合材料的使用需求。     

丁腈橡胶/AG-80/E-44环氧树脂复合材料的固化行为研究

采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)对丁腈橡胶/AG-80/E-44环氧树脂复合材料的固化行为进行了研究。研究了反应温度对环氧树脂复合材料黏度的影响、凝胶时间随温度变化曲线,热失重法(TGA)测试了环氧树脂复合材料的耐热性能,计算了环氧树脂固化反应的反应焓、表观活化能,最后推导出固化反应条件。结果表明,随着温度升高,丁腈橡胶/AG-80/E-44环氧树脂复合材料的黏度降低,确定40℃为最佳操作温度,环氧树脂复合材料的耐热性良好。通过凝胶时间随温度变化曲线测试,确定了2步固化步骤,先低温抽真空,再高温固化。环氧树脂复合材料固化反应的表观活化能E_a为45.52kJ/mol,频率因子A为2.16×10~5/s,反应级数n为0.9,固化工艺为:80℃/2h+120℃/2h+200℃/2h。     

聚丙烯/马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯/环氧树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料的制备及其性能研究

通过双螺杆挤出机制备了聚丙烯/马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯/环氧树脂/玻璃纤维（PP/PP-g-MAH/EP/GF）复合材料,并研究了PP-g-MAH含量、EP含量及固化剂对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,PP-g-MAH含量为10份,含有固化剂EP的含量为3份时,复合材料的综合力学性能最佳;与不加EP的复合材料相比,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度分别提高了41 %、47 %、86 %。扫描电子显微镜分析表明,EP的加入明显改善了GF和PP基体的黏结强度。     

Carbon fiber cardanol-epoxy composites

Carbon fiber composites based on tetrafunctional epoxy resin N,N,N′,N′-tetraglycidyl-2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane modified with cardanol were investigated. The differential scanning calorimetric technique was used to study the curing reaction of the neat resins. The dielectric properties of the composites were compared. The use of cardanol in epoxy resins at cardanol/epoxy molar ratios less than 0.3/1 improved the chemical resistance as well as the mechanical properties of the composites, such as the flexural strength and modulus, tensile strength and modulus, and interlaminar shear strength. Higher cardanol contents decreased such properties. The highest properties of the composites were observed with the epoxy-cardanol resin having a cardanol/epoxy molar ratio of 0.3/1. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Low-temperature fast curable behavior and properties of bio-based carbon fiber composites based on resveratrol

Environmentally friendly materials are an integral part of sustainable chemistry, and bio-based polymer composites are an important class of materials. The manufacture of composites is expected to reduce or even eliminate the use of adjuvants, considering the importance of reducing energy consumption and avoiding health and environmental risks. In this study, a phenyl-containing, polyfunctional, bio-based epoxy resin (TGER) was synthesized, and carbon fiber-reinforced, bio-based epoxy resin composites were fabricated by vacuum-assisted resin infusion using two aromatic amine curing agents, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) and 3,3′-diethyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (DEDDM). Curing reactions and rheological behavior studies showed that TGER had higher curing reactivity toward DDM and DEDDM than to diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and possessed good processability. The results indicated that the resveratrol-based epoxy resin displayed low-temperature fast curing properties. The evaluation of the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber composites showed that the flexural strengths of CF/TGER/DDM and CF/TGER/DEDDM were 520 and 628 MPa, respectively. The initial decomposition temperature of CF/TGER composites is above 200°C. Furthermore, the carbon fiber–reinforced biopolymers possess excellent heat resistance. Therefore, carbon fiber-reinforced, resveratrol-based epoxy resin composites are promising candidates as alternatives to petroleum-based high-performance carbon fiber composites.     

Pseudoreinforcement effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in epoxy matrix composites

The carbon nanotube possesses outstanding physical properties. Theoretically, adding carbon nanotubes into a polymer matrix can remarkably improve the mechanical properties of the polymer matrix. In the present work, a series of composites was prepared by incorporating multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) into an epoxy resin. The influences of MWNT content and curing temperature on the flexural properties of the epoxy resin were investigated. The results showed that a very low MWNT content should be used to ensure homogeneous dispersion of MWNTs in the epoxy matrix. A higher MWNT content may lead to deteriorated mechanical properties of the composites because of the aggregation of MWNTs. A decline in the flexural properties of the neat epoxy resin with increasing curing temperature was found. However, under the same curing conditions, improvement in flexural properties was observed for the composite with the low MWNT content and a mild curing temperature. The improvement was far beyond the predictions of the traditional short‐fiber composite theory. In fact, this improvement should be attributed to the retarding effect of MWNTs on the curing reaction of epoxy matrix. Therefore, the improvement in the flexural properties was only a pseudoreinforcement effect, not a nano‐reinforcement effect of the MWNTs on the epoxy resin. Perhaps, it is better for MWNTs to be used as functional fillers, such as electrical or thermal conductive fillers, than as reinforcements. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3664–3672, 2006     

Toughened epoxy resin matrix for a membrane shell by wet filament winding

A toughened epoxy resin matrix was obtained with a reactive toughening agent and methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride as a curing agent. The mechanical properties of the modified epoxy resin and its glass‐fiber‐reinforced composites were investigated systematically. The modified epoxy resin matrix possessed many good properties, including a high flexural strength (138 MPa), high elongation at break (5.2%), low viscosity, long pot life at room temperature, and good water resistance. In addition, the glass‐fiber‐reinforced composites showed a high strength conversion ratio of the glass fiber (86.7%) and good fatigue resistance. The results demonstrated that the modified epoxy resin matrix is very suitable for applications in reverse osmosis membrane shell products fabricated with wet filament winding for water treatment. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

仲氨基笼型倍半硅氧烷改性室温固化环氧树脂的研究

采用直接水解法合成了氨丙基笼型倍半硅氧烷(OapPOSS)。为了改善POSS与环氧树脂的相容性和分散性,在OapPOSS基础上制备了仲氨基笼型倍半硅氧烷(SaPOSS),并将其用于E-51/脂肪胺室温固化环氧树脂改性,研究了SaPOSS对环氧树脂力学性能、玻璃化转变温度、介电性能的影响。结果表明:SaPOSS能显著提高树脂的冲击性能和耐热性,降低介电常数和介电损耗。当SaPOSS加入量为3%时,环氧树脂的冲击强度从原来的20.5kJ/m2,提高到了29.7kJ/m2,玻璃化转变温度从113℃提高到117℃,扫描电镜的观测结果与力学性能的变化趋势相一致。当SaPOSS加入量为5%时,介电损耗从原来的0.035降到了0.024,介电常数也有大幅下降。     

环氧树脂改性氰酸酯树脂的研究进展

综述了采用环氧树脂(EP)增韧改性氰酸酯(CE)树脂的共聚反应机理、固化产物的性能和复合材料的性能。CE在水分或残留的酚及金属离子等作用下自聚生成三嗪环,接着与EP反应生成口恶唑烷酮。CE改性后树脂的韧性和弯曲强度提高,而玻璃化温度和耐热性下降很少,且固化产物耐湿热性能和介电性能基本维持不变。     

Solid freeform fabrication of soybean oil-based composites reinforced with clay and fibers

Soybean oil/epoxy-based composites were prepared by an extrusion freeform fabrication method. These composites were reinforced with a combination of organically modified clay and fibers. The intercalated behavior of the epoxy resin in the presence of organo-modified clay was investigated by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The mixture of epoxidized soybean oil and EPON^® 828 resin was modified with a gelling agent to solidify the materials until curing occurred. The flexural modulus reached 4.86 GPa with glass fiber reinforcement at 50.6 wt% loading. It was shown that the fiber orientation followed the direction of motion of the writing head that deposited the resins and had an influence on the properties of the composite. The composites cured by curing agent jeffamine EDR-148 were found to have lower mechanical properties than those cured with triethylenetetramine, diethylenetriamine, and polyethylenimine. In addition, the effects of clay loading and fiber loading on mechanical properties of the composites were studied and reported.     

碳纤维/聚苯并(噁)嗪复合材料的界面与力学性能的关系研究

本文采用含不同上胶剂的碳纤维与苯并(噁)嗪树脂复合,制备碳纤维/聚苯并(噁)嗪单向复合材料,研究了碳纤维表面上胶剂对于复合材料的层间剪切强度(ILSS)、弯曲性能、断口形貌及动态机械性能的影响.结果表明,含有环氧树脂上胶剂的碳纤维/苯并(噁)嗪树脂基复合材料(EPCF/PBZ)的ILSS和弯曲性能优于含非环氧类树脂上胶剂的碳纤维/苯并(噁)嗪树脂基复合材料(VECF/PBZ)和不含上胶剂的碳纤维/苯并(噁)嗪树脂基复合材料(USCF/PBZ).环氧树脂上胶剂改善了纤维与苯并(噁)嗪树脂的粘结性能,使复合材料的内耗峰峰高降低,能量损耗减小.电镜照片同样验证了这一结果.