Intact soft clay’s critical response to dynamic stress paths on different combinations of principal stress orientation

Comprehensive tests on Hangzhou intact soft clay were performed, which were used to obtain the soils’ critical response to undrained dynamic stress paths under different combinations of principal stress orientation. The different combinations included cyclic principal stress rotation (CPSR for short), cyclic shear with abrupt change of principal stress orientation (CAPSO for short) and cyclic shear with fixed principal stress orientation (CFPSO for short). On one side, under all these stress paths, samples have obvious strain inflection points and shear bands, and the excess pore water pressure is far from the level of initial effective confining pressure at failure. Stress paths of major principal stress orientation (α) alternating from negative and positive have quite different influence on soil’s properties with those in which α is kept negative or positive. On the other side, due to the soil’s strongly initial anisotropy, samples under double-amplitudes CPSR and CAPSO (or single-amplitude CPSR and CFPSO) have similar properties on dynamic shear strength and pore water pressure development tendency when α is kept within ±45°, while have quite different properties when α oversteps ±45°.     

解读连战先生的民族情

文章试图从两方面解读连战先生深厚的民族情.这种民族情一方面来源于他的家族,连战的先祖到台湾死也不臣服清,曾祖父至父亲三代以各种形式坚持抗日及父母对他言传身教;另一方面与他早年在祖国大陆的生活经历有关,从他对抗战和日本的态度及祖国大陆寻踪等方面体现出来.     

Evaluation of ultimate bearing capacity of Y-shaped vibro-pile

Based on Mindlin stress solution, a numerical computational method was proposed to calculate the stresses in the ground induced by side friction and the resistance of Y-shaped vibro-pile. The improved Terzaghi’s and ЪерезанцевВГ’s methods for ultimate bearing capacity evaluation were proposed by considering the stress strength induced by friction resistance at pile head level of Y-pile. A new method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of Y-pile was also proposed based on the assumptions of soil failure mode at the tip of Y-pile and the use of Mohr-Coulomb soil yield criterion and Vesic compressive correction coefficient with the induced stresses in the ground. Based on the comparisons with the field static load test results, it is found that the improved Terzaghi’s method gives higher ultimate capacity, while the other two methods shows good agreement with the field results.     

Adhesion coefficient of automobile tire and road surface

The adhesion coefficient of automobile tire and road surface was analyzed and the formula about it was derived.Some suggestions about highway construction,driving safety of the drivers and the judgment of the traffic accidents were presented.The results show that the adhesion coefficient is a function with the extreme value.If there is atmospheric pressure in the tire,the load of the vehicle and the degree of the coarse on the road surface is not selected properly,it will reach the least and affect the safety of the running automobile.     

Effects of stress conditions on rheological properties of granular soil in large triaxial rheology laboratory tests

In order to study the rheological properties of red stone granular soil,a series of rheological experiments were executed on large tri-axial rheological apparatus.Under 100,200 and 300 kPa confining stress conditions,the rheological tests were carried out.These experiment results showed that the stress conditions,especially the stress level were the critical influencing factors of the rheological deformation properties.Under the low stress level(S=0.1),the granular soil showed the elastic properties,and there was no obvious rheological deformation.Under the middle stress level(0.20.8) creep curves showed the non-linear viscous plastic rheological properties.Especially,under the stress level of S=1.0,the accelerated rheological phase of creep curves occurred at early time with a trend of failure.The stress level had obvious effects on the final rheological deformation of the soil sample,and the final rheological deformation increments nonlinearly increased with stress level.The final rheological deformation increment and step was little under low stress level,while it became large under high stress level,which showed the nonlinearly rheological properties of the granular soil.The confining pressure also had direct effects on final rheological deformation,and the final rheological deformation linearly increased with confining pressure increments.     

2008年我国房地产业的发展模式与市场把握

在深入市场调查、认真采集数据和科学分析研究的基础上,从我国新一年房地产业发展的"背景和环境"、"预期和责任"、"风险和影响"、"保障和创新"等方面进行阐述和论证.     

窃取商业秘密获得的专利权归商业秘密权利人所有——兼谈商业秘密构成要件和范围

中国加入WTO以后,知识产权的保护意识日益强化,作为知识产权范畴的专利权更是被人们普遍关注和重视.以"错案"为研究对象,运用商业秘密的有关理论以及保护商业秘密和专利权的有关法律制度,特别是从窃取商业秘密获得的专利权归谁所有的角度,对人民法院的判决进行了分析研究,指出了人民法院的判决是错误的,提出了窃取商业秘密获得的专利权归商业秘密权利人所有.这有利于人民法院公正司法,依法审判.     

从语气助词的角度浅析日语表达方式的特性

日语中有着十分丰富的语气助词,其虽然不具有实际的意义,然而通过语气助词,却能够流露出说话者的心情和感受,传递出不溢于言表的隐性含义,在日常的表达中扮演着十分重要的角色.从语气助词的角度,分析总结日语在表达上所具有的特性.     

Additional water use influencing strength and fluidity of recycled concrete

Through adding different additional water use,the compressive strength,splitting tensile strength and fluidity of recycled concrete of three aggregate combination forms were studied by experiment respectively.The experimental results show that with the increase of adding additional water use,the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of recycled coarse aggregate concrete decrease,but that of recycled fine aggregate concrete and recycled all aggregate concrete increase firstly then decrease.When additional water use is added more 15% or 20% than that of basic ordinary concrete,the recycled coarse aggregate concrete and fine one can get pretty good fluidity.When it is added more 30%,the recycled all aggregate concrete has fluidity that is just satisfied.     

情趣与意象的契合——《逢雪宿芙蓉山主人》与《雪夜林边驻脚》之比较

通过分析《逢雪宿芙蓉山主人》与《雪夜林边驻脚》两诗的情趣和意象,发现两诗都采用了大致相似的意象.但由于诗人各自的文化传统的差异,在两诗中所传达的情趣却不同.然而,正是由于两诗各自在情趣与意象上的契合,才创造出了各自完美的诗境.     

层状球形夹杂复合材料的弹性模量

利用层状球形夹杂在无限大基体中的局部化关系及平均应力场理论,给出了一种方法来分析含 n 种层状球形夹杂所构成复合材料的弹性模量.对于文献给出的空心玻璃球和高分子基构成的复合材料,该理论的预测与实验吻合很好.当表层稍失时,该理论退化为传统的 Mori-Tanaka平均应力场理论.     

Matched glass-to-Kovar seals in N2 and Ar atmospheres

The oxidation of Kovar alloy was investigated, the wetting and spreading behavior of hard and soft glasses on Kovar alloy were studed by using the sessile drop method, and the quality and the seal strength of glass-Kovar seals were tested. The experimental results indicated that the preoxidation of Kovar alloy for approximately 10 min at 700℃ in air resulted in excellent adherence in glass-Kovar seals. The wetting and spreading behavior of glass on preoxidized Kovar alloy were superior to that on nonoxidized Kovar alloy. The wetting ability of ASF110 glass, at 950℃ and 980℃ in Ar and N2 atmospheres, was significantly superior to that of ASF200R and ASF700 glasses. The seal quality of the glass-preoxidized Kovar seal was superior to that of the glass-nonoxidized Kovar seal. The shear strength of the ASFll0 glass-preoxidized Kovar seal, which was prepared at 980℃ for 20 min in an Ar atmosphere, was approximately 3.9 MPa.     

有源逆变器的分析

晶闸管组成的单相桥式变流器，既能实现整流，又能实现有源逆变。只要控制两组晶闸管通断，可将直流电转变为交流电，经过变压器反送给电网。但逆变后的交流电流是矩形成，它含有较大的谐波分量。有源逆变器最典型的应用是直流电机的可逆拖动系统。     

对服装设计创新问题的思考

在服装设计界至今不能拿出具有中国个性的原创作品,让世界承认和接受之时,本文提出了一些目前在思想认识方面还值得思考的关键问题,如:民族性与世界性、传统与创新、殖民化与现代化等,并用大量事实论证"只有民族的才是世界的"这一观点具有片面性;对传统文化的吸收要放眼世界,不能仅仅看到中国;传统文化有优秀和落后两面性,必须不断推陈出新;经济全球化必然带来文化的全球化交流,中国吸收外来文化的结果不是殖民化,而是加速中国现代化的一种手段等.     

鞋面织物染整过程节能减排技术方法

鞋面织物染整是纺织工业中一个特殊分支,公司通过采用先进染色技术和工艺,可以从源头上达到节能和减少废水产生量的效果,废水产生后经过处理达标排放,部分经深度处理后回用。公司经长期实践后已经达到吨织物染整用水125m~3/t_(产品),吨织物排放废水79.2 m~3/t_(产品),水回用率达37.8%,吨产品蒸汽耗量从9t/t_(产品)下降到7 t/t_(产品),均达到国内国际先进水平。     

我国当前城市化问题分析

当前中国城市化进程中出现了一些问题 ,产生了一些困惑 ,甚至对中国要不要走城市化道路也产生了疑问 .通过对这些问题的分析 ,找寻其根源 ,试图总结一些经验和教训 ,摸索出一条适合社会主义市场经济条件的城市化途径     

q-树的重构性

q 是一个正整数,所谓 q-树的图是递归定义的:最小的 q-树是完全图 K_q,一个 n+1阶的 q-树是通过在 n 阶 q-树上加上一个新点并连接这点与 n 阶 q-树中任意 q 个互相邻接的点而获得,其中 n≥q.1-树我们通常称为树.在本文中,证明了对任意正整数 q,q-树是可重构的.     

A practical robust nonlinear controller for maglev levitation system

In order to explore the precise dynamic response of the maglev train and verify the validity of proposed controller, a maglev guideway-electromagnet-air spring-cabin coupled model is developed in the first step. Based on the coupled model, the stresses of the modules are analyzed, and it is pointed out that the inherent nonlinearity, the inner coupling, misalignments between the sensors and actuators, and external disturbances are the main issues that should be considered for the maglev engineering. Furthermore, a feedback linearization controller based on the mathematical model of a maglev module is derived, in which the nonlinearity, coupling and misalignments are taken into account. Then, to attenuate the effect of external disturbances, a disturbance observer is proposed and the dynamics of the estimation error is analyzed using the input-to-state stability theory. It shows that the error is negligible under a low-frequency disturbance. However, at the high-frequency range, the error is unacceptable and the disturbances can not be compensated in time, which lead to over designed fluctuations of levitation gap, even a clash between the upper surface of electromagnet and lower surface of guideway. To solve this problem, a novel nonlinear acceleration feedback is put forward to enhancing the attenuation ability of fast varying disturbances. Finally, numerical comparisons show that the proposed controller outperforms the traditional feedback linearization controller and maintains good robustness under disturbances.     

微波管CAD技术进展

传统的经验设计方法很难综合性地进一步提高微波管的功率、带宽、增益、效率及非线性特性等性能,高精度的微波管CAD模拟软件是改进设计,提高性能的主要手段。该文综述了微波管CAD技术的国内外研究进展,介绍了微波管CAD软件的主要分类及代表性软件,特别是我国自主研发的“二维宽带大功率行波管CAD集成环境”软件系统及“三维微波管模拟器套装”。展望了微波管CAD技术的发展前景,对我国自主开发微波管CAD软件提出了一些建议。     

振冲碎石桩与振动挤密砂石桩性之比较

振冲碎石桩和振动挤密砂名桩有共同之处也有各自的特性．它们具有改善软弱土地基．提高地基承载力，提高地基的稳定性，减小地基沉降．良好的排水通道等优点．特别是在易液化、松散软地基上．振动挤密砂石桩尤显其优势，在具体施工过程中．根据不同地基条件．选择不同的成桩方法。