基于回归测试的软件测试方法的研究与应用

为节省回归测试的时间和资源,提出了一种基于回归测试的软件测试方法（Hierarchy-PS-TCP）。该方法首先按照分层程序切片技术搜索程序的不同版本,利用UML类图及顺序图,从而定位不同版本程序间的差别。仅对差别部分生成测试用例集,节省大量开支。再利用优先级技术按照测试用例优先级公式对测试用例划分优先级,根据优先级高低进行排序,按照次序进行回归测试。从而提高了回归测试的效率,有效地缩减了回归测试用例集,同时降低了回归测试的成本。     

基于回归测试的软件测试方法的研究与应用

为节省回归测试的时间和资源,提出了一种基于回归测试的软件测试方法（Hierarchy-PS-TCP）。该方法首先按照分层程序切片技术搜索程序的不同版本,利用UML类图及顺序图,从而定位不同版本程序间的差别。仅对差别部分生成测试用例集,节省大量开支。再利用优先级技术按照测试用例优先级公式对测试用例划分优先级,根据优先级高低进行排序,按照次序进行回归测试。从而提高了回归测试的效率,有效地缩减了回归测试用例集,同时降低了回归测试的成本。     

基于决策树规则的回归测试技术研究

回归测试中测试用例的优化选择是个关键环节,借助黑盒测试中的等价类划分选择测试用例可以提高测试的效率.文中介绍一种基于决策树规则的分类方法实现等价类的划分.该方法通过决策树提取规则,在按照一定的优先级对提取的决策树规则进行排序后,对测试用例库中的每个测试用例,选择优先级最高的规则进行匹配分类,最后从每一分类中选择具有代表性的测试用例,同时介绍了怎样构造该模型.该方法在保证了分类精度的同时能够提高测试的效率,该方法是有效的.     

由需求得到回归测试用例排序技术

为了提高回归测试用例集的测试效率和有效性,提出由需求得到回归测试用例排序技术及其实现算法。由需求得到回归测试用例排序技术,将与软件需求相关的需求描述度、需求实现复杂度、需求稳定度和需求覆盖度等因素应用于测试用例排序,以缺陷检测加权平均百分比作为度量标准。通过实验,比较排序后用例和未排序用例缺陷检测情况,实验结果表明该技术排序后的回归测试用例集,能够尽早地发现更多的软件错误,有效提高回归测试效率,保证软件质量。     

由需求得到回归测试用例排序技术

为了提高回归测试用例集的测试效率和有效性,提出由需求得到回归测试用例排序技术及其实现算法。由需求得到回归测试用例排序技术,将与软件需求相关的需求描述度、需求实现复杂度、需求稳定度和需求覆盖度等因素应用于测试用例排序,以缺陷检测加权平均百分比作为度量标准。通过实验,比较排序后用例和未排序用例缺陷检测情况,实验结果表明该技术排序后的回归测试用例集,能够尽早地发现更多的软件错误,有效提高回归测试效率,保证软件质量。     

基于测试用例设计信息的回归测试优先级算法

优先级技术是一种高效实用的回归测试技术.文中针对现有优先级技术未能有效使用测试用例设计信息的不足,提出了一组新的回归测试优先级动态调整算法.与已有方法相比,新算法充分考虑了测试用例的设计信息,能够通过及时捕捉和利用测试执行信息对测试用例优先级进行动态调整,具有时间复杂度低、检错效率高等优点.将其应用于Windows平台下应用软件的回归测试结果表明,新算法有益于在短时间内检测出更多的错误.     

基于切片技术的GUI回归测试用例选择

本文通过分析基于GUI的面向对象软件系统中界面元素和类方法之间的依赖关系,应用程序切片技术,给出系统回归测试的方案.在系统修改后,通过系统中对象之间的依赖性界定修改波及的影响,再根据切片技术计算出相应的程序切片,进一步设计或选择有效的测试用例进行测试.     

基于多种群遗传算法测试用例优先级技术研究

测试用例优先级技术是一种高效实用的回归测试技术.为提高回归测试效率,提出了一种应用于同归测试过程中基于多种群遗传算法测试用例优先级技术的方法.该方法采用三个具有不同进化规律的种群,第一个种群重视全局搜索,第二个种群重视局部搜索,第三个种群通过前两个种群的移入来均衡算法的局部搜索和全局搜索能力,使算法能在更大范围内寻优....     

基于半监督聚类方法的测试用例选择技术

回归测试的目的是保证软件修改后没有引入新的错误。但是随着软件的演化,回归测试用例集不断增大,为了控制成本,回归测试用例选择技术应运而生。近年来,聚类分析技术被运用到回归测试用例选择问题中。将半监督学习引入到聚类技术中,提出了判别型半监督K-means聚类方法(Discriminative Semi-supervised K-means clustering Method,DSKM)。该方法从回归测试的历史执行记录中挖掘出隐藏的成对约束信息,同时利用大量的无标签样本和少量的有标签样本进行学习,优化聚类的结果,并进一步优化测试用例选择的结果。实验表明,相对于Constrained-Kmeans方法和SSKM方法,DSKM方法能够更好地提高约简率并保持覆盖率。     

基于决策树的回归测试子集选取

软件版本的频繁变更及测试资源的限制要求软件回归测试采用新的测试用例集合的生成和约简技术。为此,介绍基于决策树的回归测试子集的选取方法,将测试用例和测试需求作为一种知识表示系统,对测试知识表示系统进行约简,将约简后的系统构造成一棵决策树,由决策树获得被约简的回归测试子集。理论分析证明该方法复杂度较低。     

基于路径引导的回归测试用例集扩增方法

为了全面测试演化软件,回归测试通常需要生成新的测试用例。concolic测试是一种沿着具体执行路径进行符号执行的软件验证技术,通过生成测试数据来执行程序的所有可行路径。回归测试中,由于concolic测试关注于程序本身,没有利用已有测试用例和软件演化信息,导致生成大量无效测试数据,浪费资源和时间。为解决此问题,提出一种基于路径引导的回归测试用例集扩增方法。该方法将目标路径作为引导,根据软件演化信息选择有利于覆盖目标路径的测试用例,利用已有测试用例跳过重叠初始子路径,对后续目标子路径进行concolic测试并生成覆盖目标路径的测试数据。案例分析表明,本文方法相比传统concolic测试,本方法在覆盖程序可行路径的同时,可有效减少concolic测试路径,提高测试数据生成效率。     

A learning algorithm for optimizing continuous integration development and testing practice

Continuous integration, at its core, includes a set of practices that aim to prevent and reduce the cost of software integration issues by merging working software copies often. Regression testing is considered a good practice in software development with continuous integration, which ensures that code changes are not negatively affecting software functionality. As, nowadays, software development is carried out iteratively, with small code increments continuously developed and regression tested, it is of critical importance that continuous regression testing is time efficient. However, in practice, regression testing is often long lasting and faces scalability problems as software grows larger or as software changes are made more frequently. One contributing factor to these issues is test redundancy, which causes the same software functionality being tested multiple times across a test suite. In large-scale software, especially highly configurable software, redundancy in continuous regression testing can significantly grow the size of test suites and negatively affect the cost effectiveness of continuous integration. This paper presents a practical learning algorithm for optimizing continuous integration testing by reducing ineffective test redundancy in regression suites. The novelty of the algorithm lies in learning and predicting the fault-detection effectiveness of continuous integration tests using historical test records and combining this information with coverage-based redundancy metrics. The goal is to identify ineffective redundancy, which is maximally reduced in the resulting regression test suite, thus reducing test time and improving the performance of continuous integration. We apply and evaluate the algorithm in two industrial projects of continuous integration. The results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the efficiency of continuous integration practice in terms of decreasing test execution time by 38% on average compared to the industry practice of our case study and by 40% on average compared to the retest-all approach. The results further demonstrate no significant reduction in fault-detection effectiveness of continuous regression testing. This suggests that the proposed algorithm contributes to the state of the practice in the continuous integration development and testing of highly configurable systems.     

热路径结合程序切片思想在错误定位中的应用

回归测试指对修改后的软件进行测试.为提高回归测试错误分析效率,基于目前热路径思想在程序分析里的应用,结合程序切片方法,提出一种高效的回归测试方法.首先找出在程序执行过程中方法级的执行路径频率,结合应用Dslice切片算法应用用于回归测试,对已知的错误的程序进行调试,比较准确地进行了方法级的错误定位.实验结果表明通过热路...     

测试用例排序的研究

回归测试是一个成本很高的测试过程。为了减少回归测试的成本,可以使用测试用例排序技术。测试用例排序是指按照事先确定的目标重新安排测试用例集中测试用例的执行次序,使得具有高优先级的测试用例比低优先级的测试用例在测试过程中更早执行。本文描述了测试用例排序问题;给出了两个一般测试用例排序算法,即总计排序算法和 附加排序算法;根据不同的覆盖准则（如语句、分支和定义-使用等）,可以从这两个一般算法得到对应的排序算法;最后,讨论了测试用例排序算法的有效性。     

基于自适应粒子群优化算法的测试数据扩增方法

针对在回归测试中原有测试数据集往往难以满足新版本软件测试需求的问题,提出一种基于自适应粒子群算法（APSO）的测试数据扩增方法。首先,根据原有测试数据在新版本程序上的穿越路径与目标路径的相似度,在原有的测试数据集中选择合适的测试数据,作为初始种群的进化个体;然后,利用初始测试数据的穿越路径与目标路径的不同子路径,确定造成两者路径偏离的输入分量;最后,根据路径相似度构建适应度函数,利用APSO操作输入分量,生成新的测试数据。该方法针对四个基准程序与基于遗传算法（GA）和随机法的测试数据扩增方法相比,测试数据扩增效率分别平均提高了约56%和81%。实验结果表明,所提方法在回归测试方面有效地提高了测试数据扩增的效率,增强了其稳定性。     

基于偶然正确性概率的回归测试选择方法

数据驱动的智能系统的核心是处理数据的算法,对算法正确性的要求高,导致其测试开销大,需要有效地缩减测试的规模,其中回归测试选择是控制测试规模的有效手段.数据驱动的智能系统由于其动态信息流强度弱的原因,发生偶然正确性现象的概率较高,并且该现象会导致常用的回归测试选择技术所选择出的测试集包含大量检测不到故障的测试用例.因此,...     

Directed test suite augmentation: an empirical investigation

Test suite augmentation techniques are used in regression testing to identify code elements in a modified program that are not adequately tested and to generate test cases to cover those elements. A defining feature of test suite augmentation techniques is the potential for reusing existing regression test suites. Our preliminary work suggests that several factors influence the efficiency and effectiveness of augmentation techniques that perform such reuse. These include the order in which target code elements are considered while generating test cases, the manner in which existing regression test cases and newly generated test cases are used, and the algorithm used to generate test cases. In this work, we present the results of two empirical studies examining these factors, considering two test case generation algorithms (concolic and genetic). The results of our studies show that the primary factor affecting augmentation using these approaches is the test case generation algorithm utilized; this affects both cost and effectiveness. The manner in which existing and newly generated test cases are utilized also has a substantial effect on efficiency and in some cases a substantial effect on effectiveness. The order in which target code elements are considered turns out to have relatively few effects when using concolic test case generation but in some cases influences the efficiency of genetic test case generation. The results of our first study, on four relatively small programs using a large number of test suites, are supported by our second study of a much larger program available in multiple versions. Together, the studies reveal a potential opportunity for creating a more cost‐effective hybrid augmentation approach leveraging both concolic and genetic test case generation techniques, while appropriately utilizing our understanding of the factors that affect them. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多重关联的静态回归测试用例集构建研究

静态回归测试用例集构建策略是依据程序间的调用关联,分析因代码更改而受影响的模块,进而构建回归测试用例集,该方法并没有考虑程序间的隐式数据关联,对同一数据库操作或者对公共对象数据操作的方法间存在隐式数据关联。针对代码更改不仅会对调用关联的方法产生影响,也会对隐式数据关联的方法产生影响进行研究,提出了一种多重关联的静态回归测试用例集构建策略,通过构建多重方法关联图分析方法间调用关联和隐式数据关联,进而依据关联关系构建因代码更改而受影响的回归测试用例集。通过对4个开源项目进行实验评估,实验结果表明本文提出的静态策略提高了回归测试的安全性和精确性。     

An empirical study of regression test application frequency

Regression testing is an expensive process used to revalidate modified software. Regression test selection (RTS) techniques reduce the cost of regression testing by selecting a subset of a test suite. Many RTS techniques have been proposed, and studies have shown that they produce savings; other studies have shown that their cost‐effectiveness varies with characteristics of the workloads to which they are applied. It seems plausible, however, that another factor that impacts RTS techniques involves the process by which they are applied. In particular, issues such as the frequency with which regression testing is performed affect the techniques. Thus, in earlier work an experiment was conducted to assess the effects of test application frequency on the cost‐effectiveness of RTS techniques. The results exposed tradeoffs to consider when using these techniques over a series of releases. This work, however, was limited in external validity; in particular, the programs studied were relatively small. Thus, the previous experiment has been replicated on a large, multi‐version program. This second experiment confirms the findings of the first. In particular, the cost of using safe RTS techniques was strongly and negatively affected by testing interval. Conversely, the effectiveness of minimization RTS techniques was strongly and positively affected. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.