基于目标特征的植株深度图像修复

针对植株深度图像的像素错误和缺失、常见的滤波方法无法准确修复植株深度图 像的问题,提出一种基于目标特征的植株深度图像修复方法。首先基于颜色和空间信息的图像 分割算法对植株彩色图像进行目标分割,再检索每个目标的外轮廓,并对外轮廓进行多边形拟 合;其次,基于目标区域搜索深度图像中具有正确深度值的像素作为目标区域采样点,并对叶 片区域的图像进行归一化;最后,利用空间拟合法计算各目标区域的方程,修复区域内小面积 错误和缺失的深度值,同时采用支持向量机和空间变换运算对大面积错误和缺失深度值的叶片 区域进行修复。实验结果表明,该方法能够准确地修复植株深度图像中错误、缺失的深度数据, 且能够有效地保护目标区域的边缘信息。     

基于KL变换的模糊C-均值聚类彩色图像分割

根据图像色彩特征空间的正交特性,以及构成特征空间的特征向量和特征值之间的统计特性,提出了一种新的彩色图像指定区域分割算法。首先在指定区域选取采样像素,通过KL变换计算采样像素的协方差矩阵、特征值、特征向量;由特征向量构成指定区域的色彩特征空间,然后对原色彩空间中的向量进行空间变换和权重变换;最后用模糊C-均值聚类方法聚类变换后的向量,得到分割结果。文中给出了静物图像的聚类分割结果,体现了算法对于指定区域细节分割的准确性。     

基于区域中心的交互式图像前景提取方法

图像分割是从图像中提取有意义的区域,是图像处理和计算机视觉中的关键技术。而自动分割方法不能很好地处理前景复杂的图像,对此提出一种基于区域中心的交互式图像前景提取算法。针对图像前景的复杂度,很难用单一的相似区域描述前景,文中采用多个区域中心来刻画目标区域。为提升图像分割的稳定性,给出基于超像素颜色、空间位置和纹理信息的相似性度量方法;为确保图像分割区域的连通性和准确性,定义了基于超像素的测地距离计算方法。使用基于测地距离的超像素局部密度,来分析图像的若干区域中心;基于用户交互的方式来分析前景的区域中心,得到图像前景。经过大量彩色图像的仿真表明,在分割过程中利用少量的用户交互信息,可有效提升图像分割的稳定性和准确性。     

基于空间金字塔的镜头检测

提出一种HSV颜色直方图与像素的位置空间金字塔结合的方法,该方法既考虑像素的信息,又考虑了像素的位置信息,来进行视频镜头分割。将图像进行一次亚采样,对得到的第一层亚采样图像进行均匀的四分割;对得到的四块小区域分别计算其颜色直方图,获得四个特征向量;将第一层亚采样的图像再进行一次亚采样,得到第二层亚采样图像,并计算其颜色特征向量;将五个特征向量级联,作为图像帧的特征,并计算相邻两个帧的相似度。该算法不仅考虑了像素信息,还考虑了像素位置信息,而且考虑的是全局位置信息和局部位置信息。实验结果显示,该方法较好地权衡了查全率和查准率。     

基于区域对比度和背景先验的显著目标检测

针对现有算法对复杂背景的图像检测效果较差的问题,提出融合区域对比度和背景先验的显著目标检测算法。首先利用超像素分割将图像分割成感知均匀的图像块,然后根据区域对比度计算全局对比度特征和空间聚集度特征,再根据背景先验得到背景集,计算图像块与背景集间的相似性特征,接着对三个特征显著图进行融合计算,最后根据每个像素与周围超像素的颜色和距离对比度得到每个像素的显著值。实验结果表明,所提算法能较均匀高亮整个目标且有效抑制无关背景信息。     

基于多节点拓扑重叠测度高阶MRF模型的图像分割

针对低阶马尔科夫随机场(Markov random field, MRF)模型难以有效表达自然图像中复杂的先验知识而造成误分割问题, 提出一种基于多节点拓扑重叠测度高阶MRF模型(Higher-order MRF model with multi-node topological overlap measure, MTOM-HMRF)的图像分割方法. 首先, 为描述图像局部区域内多像素蕴含的复杂空间拓扑结构信息, 利用多节点拓扑重叠测度建立图像局部区域的高阶先验模型; 其次, 利用较大的局部区域包含更多的标签节点信息能力, 基于Pairwise MRF模型建立基于局部区域的部分二阶Potts先验模型, 提高分割模型的抗噪能力; 再次, 为有效描述观察图像场与其标签场的似然特征分布, 研究利用局部区域内邻接像素的Hamming距离引入图像局部空间相关性, 建立局部空间一致性约束的高斯混合分布; 最后, 基于MRF框架建立用于图像分割的多节点拓扑重叠测度高阶MRF模型, 采用Gibbs采样算法对提出模型进行优化. 实验结果表明, 提出模型不仅能有效抵抗图像强噪声和复杂的纹理突变干扰, 鲁棒性更好, 而且具有更准确的图像分割结果.     

基于超像素的图像语义区域引导的色彩迁移

针对图像色彩处理技术,提出基于超像素的图像色彩迁移方法,其以图像语义区域进行引导,以LAB色彩空间进行映射。首先,采用K-means和SLIC算法对输入图像进行分割;其次,对每一子区域块进行区域协方差处理,获得其二阶语义特征并生成超像素,并利用相似度测量函数构造相似矩阵,对区域块聚类可生成图像超像素;最后,再对图像内语义信息相似的像素基于LAB空间映射,完成色彩迁移。结果显示,该方法具有处理复杂图像能力较高及颜色迁移效果准确的优点。     

基于均值偏移和边缘置信度的焦炭显微图像分割

针对焦炭显微图像中光学组织的特点,提出了一种结合均值偏移和边缘置信度的焦炭显微图像分割。该方法首先计算图像像素的边缘置信度,利用边缘置信度设计均值偏移算法中的权值函数,对特征空间的采样点进行加权,以提高模式点检测的准确性;然后以扩展的均值偏移向量进行迭代,实现焦炭显微图像的初步分割;由于在初步分割中产生过多的聚类数,导致了相同组分区域的过分割。因此通过空域距离和区域边界像素的置信度平均值设置合并条件,合并相同光学组分的焦炭区域,实现图像的最终分割。实验表明,该方法能够有效地分割出焦炭显微图像中不同光学组织组分区域,为焦炭光学组织的自动识别提供可靠依据。     

快速在线主动学习的图像自动分割算法*

提出经前馈神经网络快速在线学习、构建像素分类模型进行图像分割的算法。首先利用谱残差法计算像素显著度,通过对少数高显著度点的分布进行多尺度分析,获得符合人眼视觉特性的显著图和注视区域。然后从注视区域和非注视区域随机抽样构成由正负样本像素组成的训练集,在线训练一个两分类的随机权前馈神经网络模型。最后使用该模型分类全图像素,实现图像分割。实验表明,文中算法在谱残差法基础上提升对图像中显著目标的分割性能,分割结果与人类视觉感知匹配度较好。     

基于空间相关性的图像分割算法研究

提出一种充分利用图像的空间相关性来达到高效快速地进行图像分割的新方法。利用均值漂移算法对图像进行分割形成过度分割的区域,并使这些区域保持理想的边缘和空间相关部分,用图结构表示的区域相邻图来代替分割的区域。和K-均值算法的思想一样,迭代循环置信传播算法以其具有收敛速度快的特点被用于最小化开销函数、整合过度分割的区域和获得最终的分割结果。基于分割区域而不是图像像素的图像聚类分割方法可降低噪声敏感性,同时提高图像分割质量。与FCM和MRF算法相比较,该算法在复杂场景图像中显示了更好的分割性能。     

Real-time model-based tracking combining spatial and temporal features

This paper describes a method for tracking moving image features by combining spatial and temporal edge information with model-based feature information. The algorithm updates the two-dimensional position of object features by correlating predicted model features with current image data. The results of the correlation process are used to compute an updated model. The algorithm makes use of a high temporal sampling rate with respect to spatial changes of the image features and operates in a real-time multi-processing environment. Preliminary results demonstrate successful tracking for image feature velocities between 1.1 and 4.5 pixels every image frame.     

一种基于时空联合的视频对象分割方法

视频对象分割在基于内容的视频编码和视频检索中均有重要的应用.为此,针对视频对象分割,提出了一种时域和空域信息融合的视频对象分割方案,该方案首先对时域分割采用基于F-假设检验的方法来得到初始的变化检测模板,然后通过与基于形态学的空域分割融合来获得最终的运动对象.实验结果表明,该方案计算比较简单,能较好地将前景运动对象从静止或运动、简单或复杂的背景中分离出来,且定位精度较好.     

A psychophysical approach to assessing the quality of antialiasedimages

The assumption that antialiasing destroys useful visual information about object features is challenged in three experiments that examine the effects of antialiasing on the visual information for object location and motion. The results show that proper antialiasing eliminates the spurious visual information produced by sampling processes in image synthesis and allows the viewer's visual system to produce a precise representation of object location and a continuous representation of object motion. This suggests that in designing imagery systems, simply increasing the spatial and temporal addressability and resolution beyond limits set by the human visual system will have a negligible impact on image quality, but that effective use of antialiasing techniques could allow visual information about object features to be presented with great fidelity     

基于二维直方图和彩色分割方法的运动目标检测

该文提出了一种新的彩色图像序列中运动目标提取的方法,它将彩色图像序列看作一个时空三维矩阵,在空域处理(帧内)中采用二维亮度直方图结合色度均匀性的方法进行空域分割;在时域处理(帧间)中采用时域梯度方法并利用时域色度差异分割出运动信息;然后将时、空分割图像采用子块相关方法合并成最终结果。实验结果表明,由于利用了空域分割结果,该方法具有很高的鲁棒性,可有效去除非目标运动信息及阴影等。     

Real-time abandoned and stolen object detection based on spatio-temporal features in crowded scenes

Abandoned and stolen object detection is a challenging task due to occlusion, changes in lighting, large perspective distortion, and the similarity in appearance of different people. This paper presents real-time detection methods of abandoned and stolen objects in a complex video. The adaptive background modeling method is applied to stable tracking and the ghost image removing. To detect abandoned and stolen objects, the methods determine spatio-temporal relationship between moving people and suspicious drops. The space first detection method measures the distance between a moving object and a non-moving object in spatial change analysis. The time first detection method conducts temporal change analysis and then spatial change analysis. The potential abandoned object is classified as a definite abandoned or stolen object by two-level detection approach. The time-to-live timer is applied by adjusting several key parameters on each camera and environment. In experiments, we show the experimental results to evaluate our proposed methods using benchmark datasets.     

Discriminative anisotropic propagation with heat source estimation for robust object tracking

Anisotropic propagations have been widely used for image processing for decades. However, most previous anisotropic propagations are simply defined on regular image pixels and cannot be used for complex vision task, e.g., object tracking. Tracking as a fundamental task in computer vision has potential value for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR). In this paper, we proposed a novel discriminative anisotropic propagations model called sequential heat diffusions (SHD) on video sequences to address this issue. Our core idea is to propagate the discriminative appearance of the target object on both the temporal and spatial domains. In particular, we first train a discriminative appearance model for the target. Then for a coming frame, we design two coupled diffusions, in which the spatial one estimates a probability to reflect the intrinsic object structure and the temporal one also provides another probability (guided by information of training frames) to capture the background distribution. Finally, the tracking result is achieved by maximizing a combined confidence maps. The experiments on many challenging videos show the superiority of our method against other state-of-the-art trackers.

     

MFR-MAP相结合的运动目标检测方法研究

针对运动目标检测的准确性和完整性要求,将静态图像分割算法的空域信息与运动目标检测的时域信息相结合,提出了采用基于MRF-MAP框架的时-空联合的目标检测方法。利用Mean-Shift算法进行空域检测,利用在显著性水平约束下的帧间差分法进行时域检测,构造了时-空联合的MFR模型和相应的能量函数,通过求解能量函数最优解,得到较为理想的运动目标检测结果。     

基于改进YOLOv3的目标识别方法

在复杂的自然场景中,目标识别存在背景干扰、周围物体遮挡和光照变化等问题,同时识别的目标大多拥有多种不同的尺寸和类型.针对上述目标识别存在的问题,本文提出了一种基于改进YOLOv3的非限制自然场景中中等或较大尺寸的目标识别方法 (简称CDSP-YOLO).该方法采用CLAHE图像增强预处理方法来消除自然场景中光照变化对目标识别效果的影响,并使用随机空间采样池化(S3Pool)作为特征提取网络的下采样方法来保留特征图的空间信息解决复杂环境中的背景干扰问题,而且对多尺度识别进行改进来解决YOLOv3对于中等或较大尺寸目标识别效果不佳的问题.实验结果表明:本文提出的方法在移动通信铁塔测试集上的准确率达97%,召回率达80%.与YOLOv3相比,该方法在非限制自然场景中的目标识别应用上具有更好的性能和推广应用前景.     

一种新的片上抑制CMOS图像传感器暂态噪声方法术

暂态噪声是CMOS图像传感器暗光下噪声的重要组成部分,不但影响图像质量,而且限制图像动态范围的提高。提出了一种新的自适应片上抑制CMOS图像传感器暂态噪声的方法。将多帧采样图像进行空间转换,使用自适应增益将多帧采样图像中相应像素进行加权平均,进行空间逆变换,得到去噪后的像素值。对20组图片进行实验,结果表明算法能够克服...     

Entropy based region selection for moving object detection

This article addresses a problem of moving object detection by combining two kinds of segmentation schemes: temporal and spatial. It has been found that consideration of a global thresholding approach for temporal segmentation, where the threshold value is obtained by considering the histogram of the difference image corresponding to two frames, does not produce good result for moving object detection. This is due to the fact that the pixels in the lower end of the histogram are not identified as changed pixels (but they actually correspond to the changed regions). Hence there is an effect on object background classification. In this article, we propose a local histogram thresholding scheme to segment the difference image by dividing it into a number of small non-overlapping regions/windows and thresholding each window separately. The window/block size is determined by measuring the entropy content of it. The segmented regions from each window are combined to find the (entire) segmented image. This thresholded difference image is called the change detection mask (CDM) and represent the changed regions corresponding to the moving objects in the given image frame. The difference image is generated by considering the label information of the pixels from the spatially segmented output of two image frames. We have used a Markov Random Field (MRF) model for image modeling and the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) estimation (for spatial segmentation) is done by a combination of simulated annealing (SA) and iterated conditional mode (ICM) algorithms. It has been observed that the entropy based adaptive window selection scheme yields better results for moving object detection with less effect on object background (mis) classification. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is successfully tested over three video sequences.