基于测力延度试验的聚合物改性沥青低温拉伸性能研究(1)聚合物改性沥青测力延度性能及其影响因素

通过测力延度试验分别对SBS、SBR、EVA、PE四种改性沥青的低温拉伸性能进行了测试分析，研究了各种聚合物的种类、掺量、基质沥青、热老化等因素对聚合物改性沥青测力延度性能的影响。试验结果表明，测力延度试验可以比较全面的反映改性沥青的低温拉伸性能，是评价改性沥青低温性能的简单有效的方法。     

环氧大豆油改性氧化沥青研究

选用环氧大豆油改善氧化沥青物理与力学性能，使改性沥青的软化点下降，延度与针入度显著升高，其综合性能基本接近优质道路沥青的指标。扫描电镜与红外光谱分析结果表明：环氧大豆油中环氧基与沥青质、树脂质中的羟基、酚基之间发生物理化学作用，显著提高了环氧大豆油与沥青之间相容性，使沥青质更均匀地分散在改性沥青中，从而改善了氧化沥青的性能。     

CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMER MODIFIED GULF ASPHALTS

The rheological properties of polymer modified Arab asphalts were characterized using both routine test methods, such as penetration and softening point, and more rigorous methods, which included low temperature stiffness measurements using a bending beam rheometer, and dynamic mechanical analysis using dynamic shear rheometer. HP-GPC method of analysis was used to produce profiles of the molecular size distribution of the modified asphalts. Models were built to predict the rheological and performance-based properties from the HP-GPC profiles. The results indicated that polymer modification is capable and effective in improving the neat Arab asphalt binders rheological properties to meet and satisfy the performance requirements of the Gulf countries.     

USE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE TO INVESTIGATE THREE POLYMER MODIFIED ASPHALTS

ABSTRACT

Polymer modified asphalts present an opportunity to enhance the properties of asphalt concrete for road building where conventional asphalts are not appropriate. In this field, researchers have proposed different kinds of chemical and physical techniques to define the properties of these materials. At the same time, microscopic techniques were being developed to visualize the microstructure of the asphalt. In this paper another microscopic technique using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) to investigate the morphological structures of neat polymers and commercial polymer modified asphalts is presented. Samples examined present different kinds of morphology easily observable by ESEM. The two commercial polymer modified asphalts show numerous differences, but after heat treatment they lost their macrostructure.     

CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMER MODIFIED GULF ASPHALTS

Abstract

The rheological properties of polymer modified Arab asphalts were characterized using both routine test methods, such as penetration and softening point, and more rigorous methods, which included low temperature stiffness measurements using a bending beam rheometer, and dynamic mechanical analysis using dynamic shear rheometer. HP-GPC method of analysis was used to produce profiles of the molecular size distribution of the modified asphalts. Models were built to predict the rheological and performance-based properties from the HP-GPC profiles. The results indicated that polymer modification is capable and effective in improving the neat Arab asphalt binders rheological properties to meet and satisfy the performance requirements of the Gulf countries.     

化学法改性克拉玛依沥青研究

针对克拉玛依沥青难以改性，产品稳定性差等问题，本研究采用化学改性法，对比分析了4种基质沥青在改性前后的元素组成、红外光谱、族组成、分子量的变化以及SBS改性沥青的常规性质的差异。结果表明：相对于物理改性，化学改性不仅显著降低了SBS改性沥青的反应温度，而且还提高了SBS改性沥青的高温性能。     

高黏度改性沥青黏韧性的影响因素

沥青黏韧性试验是评价沥青改性效果的一种典型试验,评价高黏度改性沥青时常存在拉脱的现象,未必能够反映高黏度改性沥青的特性.研究了SBS含量、25℃针入度和基质沥青组分对高黏度改性沥青黏韧性的影响.结果表明,黏韧性随着SBS含量的增加先增大后减小;针入度小的改性沥青的黏韧性试验荷载大,最大变形小;针入度大的改性沥青荷载小,...     

添加剂对SBS改性沥青性能影响研究

通过对加入不同剂量SBS改性剂、相容剂、稳定剂的SBS改性沥青的基本性能和动态剪切流变性能的考察,研究这几种添加剂在SBS改性沥青中的作用及作用机理。研究发现：SBS改性剂能提高沥青的粘弹性,随着剂量的增加沥青的低温和高温性能变好;相容剂能增加沥青中芳香组分,提高SBS与沥青的相容性,但随着剂量的增加沥青的针入度和延度增大,沥青的弹性性能降低,粘性也减小;稳定剂能使SBS在沥青中形成稳定均匀分布的网络结构,稳定剂剂量占SBS量约5%为宜,随着剂量的增加沥青软化点和粘度提高,弹性增大,粘性减小。     

SBS／MMT复合改性沥青常规性能测试分析

利用苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物（SBS）与蒙脱土（MMT）及其共混物分别对沥青进行了直接复合改性和共混物复合改性,测试了改性剂用量不同的SBS改性沥青、MMT改性沥青以及SBS与MMT质量比（m（SBS）／m（MMT））不同的共混物复合改性沥青的物理机械性能,同时还对不同m（SBS）／m（MMT）的SBS／MMT共混物复合改性沥青及SBS／MMT直接复合改性沥青的高温储存稳定性和相形态作了测试分析。结果表明,SBS／MMT共混物复合改性沥青的常规性能整体最优。     

网络结构理论在沥青改性研究中的应用

利用了网络结构理论解释了LDPE以及GMA-g-LDPE分别改性秦皇岛基质沥青、中海36-1基质沥青的软化点、低温延度、针入度指数以及高温稳定性随着改性剂含量变化而变化的规律。红外光谱研究表明，LDPE改性沥青体系中LDPE与沥青二者属于溶涨没有发生任何反应，GMA-g-LDPE改性沥青体系中GMA所含的C=O 的特征吸收峰仍然存在，但907.69cm - 1有环氧基吸收峰消失了，说明GMA-g-LDPE的侧链环氧环与沥青中的官能团发生了反应而形成网络结构。     

基于测力延度试验的聚合物改性沥青低温拉伸性能研究(2)聚合物改性沥青测力延度拉伸形变机理分析

测力延度试验结果表明聚合物改性沥青在拉伸过程中通常依次出现普弹形变、屈服、发展大变形等形变阶段,但各种聚合物改性沥青表现出明显不同的测力延度性能和变形特征.分析了聚合物种类与掺量、基质沥青的性质、热老化等因素对测力延度各阶段变形的影响以及各阶段拉伸机理.     

SBR胶乳改性沥青机理的研究

选取了国内外十一种沥青为基础沥青，将SBR胶乳按不同的比例加入其中制备成改性沥青。观察微观结构，拍摄微观照片，以SBR在沥青中的相态结构作为评价沥青与SBR之间相容性的依据，并通过测定各种性能研究了沥青与SBR的相容性，沥青对SBR的敏感性和改性效果之间的关系。     

用动态力学方法分析SBS改性沥青的流变性质

从动态力学角度分析了SBS改性沥青的流变性质.改性沥青由实验室制备,采用3个油源4种沥青分别用两种SBS对其改性.研究表明:在高温下SBS能够增加胶结料的弹性,低温下能够改善其柔韧性,流变性质随温度的变化与基质沥青、聚合物的含量和结构有关.     

道路石油沥青中蜡对沥青性质的影响

测定了大庆和辽河１００号道路石油沥青中蜡的分布,并将其中的饱和蜡,芳香蜡,总蜡分离出来,用其与脱蜡沥青调制成蜡含量不同的系列样品,考察了饱和蜡,芳香蜡对沥青物理性质的影响,总蜡对沥青路用性能的影响,对沥青质量指标中否应设置蜡含量指标进行了讨论．     

CHANGES IN ASPHALT CHEMISTRY AND DURABILITY DURING OXIDATION AND POLYMER MODIFICATION

The Gulf Countries' environmental conditions are very severe. The temperature zoning study indicate that more than half of Gulf areas experience a maximum seven consecutive days pavement temperature of 76°C (Al-Abdul Wahhab et al., 1997). This has resulted in damage to the road networks in the form of cracking, rutting and deformation. Polymer modification of asphalt is required to increase the resistance to permanent deformation at relatively high temperatures without adversely affecting the properties of the asphalts at low temperature. In this work chemical and performance-related properties of fresh, oxidized, and polymer modified asphalts were evaluated. The physical properties and performance characteristics of asphalts were found to depend on the chemical composition of asphalt. The interactions of polar functionalities actually present or formed during oxidative aging or due to polymer modification, influence the viscosity and related flow properties. The changes in composition of fresh, oxidized and polymer-modified asphalts can be clearly identified from Infrared spectroscopy. NMR spectroscopy enables detailed information about the Carbon-and-hydrogen-types and average molecular/structural parameters of asphalt without separating it into different components.     

高粘度改性沥青的性能评价

根据虹桥综合交通枢纽工程钢桥面铺装的技术要求,对国产高粘度改性沥青进行了沥青性能和混合料性能的评价试验,并与某进口高粘度改性沥青进行了对比。试验结果表明：国产高粘度改性沥青与进口高粘度改性沥青的性能相当,两种沥青均符合工程的技术要求,并具有优异的路用性能。此外,测试了不同温度条件下国产高粘度改性沥青的粘度,试验结果表明在高温条件下,该沥青的粘度与普通的改性沥青差异很小,其混合料生产和施工温度可参考普通的改性沥青的相关规定执行。     

CHANGES IN ASPHALT CHEMISTRY AND DURABILITY DURING OXIDATION AND POLYMER MODIFICATION

The Gulf Countries' environmental conditions are very severe. The temperature zoning study indicate that more than half of Gulf areas experience a maximum seven consecutive days pavement temperature of 76°C (Al-Abdul Wahhab et al., 1997). This has resulted in damage to the road networks in the form of cracking, rutting and deformation. Polymer modification of asphalt is required to increase the resistance to permanent deformation at relatively high temperatures without adversely affecting the properties of the asphalts at low temperature. In this work chemical and performance-related properties of fresh, oxidized, and polymer modified asphalts were evaluated. The physical properties and performance characteristics of asphalts were found to depend on the chemical composition of asphalt. The interactions of polar functionalities actually present or formed during oxidative aging or due to polymer modification, influence the viscosity and related flow properties. The changes in composition of fresh, oxidized and polymer-modified asphalts can be clearly identified from Infrared spectroscopy. NMR spectroscopy enables detailed information about the Carbon-and-hydrogen-types and average molecular/structural parameters of asphalt without separating it into different components.     

Investigation and Improvement of Storage Stability of SBS Modified Asphalt

Three different types of storage stability of SBS modified asphalts were investigated by hot storage test. It's found that during hot storage the performance of SBS modified asphalt deteriorated although phase separation didn't happen. Mechanism of storage stability of SBS modified asphalt was discussed. The different hot storage stability of three SBS modified asphalts could be well interpreted with the interface layer principle. Based on the interface layer principle, a new way that asphalt was chemically modified by SBS was put forward to improve hot storage stability and other using performances. The results indicated that the asphalt chemically modified by SBS had good hot storage stability and other using performances were significantly improved. Fluorescence microscopy was used to study SBS modified asphalt phase morphology, and the SBS chemically modified asphalt showed two interlocked continuous phases.     

Investigation and Improvement of Storage Stability of SBS Modified Asphalt

Abstract

Three different types of storage stability of SBS modified asphalts were investigated by hot storage test. It's found that during hot storage the performance of SBS modified asphalt deteriorated although phase separation didn't happen. Mechanism of storage stability of SBS modified asphalt was discussed. The different hot storage stability of three SBS modified asphalts could be well interpreted with the interface layer principle. Based on the interface layer principle, a new way that asphalt was chemically modified by SBS was put forward to improve hot storage stability and other using performances. The results indicated that the asphalt chemically modified by SBS had good hot storage stability and other using performances were significantly improved. Fluorescence microscopy was used to study SBS modified asphalt phase morphology, and the SBS chemically modified asphalt showed two interlocked continuous phases.     

甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝低密度聚乙烯沥青改性剂改性机理研究

分别用低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)以及甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝低密度聚乙烯(GMA-g-LDPE)对中海36-1基质沥青进行改性,研究了软化点、低温延度以及高温储存稳定性随着改性剂含量变化而变化的规律.通过动态剪切流变试验(DSR)和弯曲梁流变试验(BBR)测试表明,GMA-g-LDPE改性中海36-1基质沥青的高温、低温性能分别优于LDPE改性中海36-1基质沥青.通过荧光光学显微镜观察发现,两种改性沥青的相态区别较大.两种改性沥青与基质沥青的FTIR比较显示,不同吸收峰有一定的变化, GMA-g-LDPE改性中海36-1基质沥青的FTIR验证了GMA-g-LDPE中的环氧基团与沥青体系中官能基团发生了反应.研究推断,GMA-g-LDPE与中海36-1基质沥青之间形成的网络结构导致了GMA-g-LDPE改性中海36-1基质沥青的性能优于LDPE改性中海36-1沥青.