直扩超宽带信号在移动通信系统中的干扰功率分析

对直扩超宽带(DS UWB)信号分别于时域和频域进行描述,并对其功率谱密度进行了详细研究.在干扰功率计算中,选择现有3G移动标准宽带码分多址(WCDMA)、码分多址2000(CDMA2000)和时分同步码分多址(TD SCDMA)作为被干扰系统.与UWB信号带宽相比,被干扰系统的带宽相对较窄,因此假设在接收端频谱是平坦的.研究结果表明,可以通过调整DS UWB脉冲波形和脉冲成形因子α来减少干扰功率.通过权衡和比较,脉冲成形因子小于0.3 n s的三阶高斯脉冲是一个最优选择     

一次微分高斯UWB脉冲发生器设计

针对超宽带(UWB)通信技术迅速发展的需要,介绍了UWB脉冲发生器的当前技术状况及其局限性.以传统UWB脉冲发生器为基础,结合LRC并联回路放电规律,设计了直接产生近似一次微分高斯单周期脉冲的UWB脉冲发生器,最后分别通过仿真和实验的方法验证了设计的可行性.实验测量得到的UWB脉冲幅度Vp-p=12.175 V,脉冲峰谷宽度2δ=0.35 ns,脉冲重复频率可达200 MHz.     

基于光纤光栅的超宽带信号产生与传输

针对现有方法功率利用率低与调制实现困难的问题,采用基于光纤光栅（FBG）的超宽带（UWB）调制信号产生方法,建立了UWB信号产生系统。不仅可以实现UWB信号的调制,而且提高了产生信号的信噪比。实现了二进制相位调制（BPM）、脉冲幅度调制（PAM）和脉冲位置调制（PPM）等UWB信号产生。分析了光纤传输对产生信号的影响,...     

基于LiNbO3M-Z调制器的UWB信号PAM调制技术研究

提出一种基于LiNbO3Mach-Zehnde调制器(MZM)实现超宽带(UWB)脉冲幅度调制(PAM)的方案,只利用一个LiNbO3-MZM,实现幅度调制,结构简单,易于实现。利用OptiSys-tem7.0软件对方案进行了仿真,研究了调制信号的传输特性,并分析了光源功率、光源波长、脉冲宽度、调制速率、延迟时间以及传输距离对调制信号的影响。     

基于认知的UWB系统软频谱自适应设计方法

认知无线电技术与UWB技术结合解决干扰问题已成为近几年研究的热点。基于认知的思想,在满足联邦通信委员会（FCC）频谱限制的基础上,设计出最佳脉冲波形,使其与周围电磁环境中的干扰设备的功率谱相互正交,从而有效地避开干扰。通过对电磁环境的周期性重复采样,UWB可以成为自适应抑制干扰的通信系统,实现了认知超宽带无线电的概念。此方法不需要在整个频段内降低UWB脉冲的功率谱密度,为提高UWB脉冲发射功率和增大UWB系统的通信距离,提供了一种灵活易行的解决方案。     

基于认知超宽带的频谱共享技术研究

引入了认知无线电思想构成认知超宽带(CUWB),达到抑制窄带的通信目的.分析了高斯导函数组合脉冲波形叠加的方式以及脉冲形成因子的寻找算法,并且结合认知无线电频谱检测技术在干扰频点降低超宽带(UWB)能量.仿真结果证明了引入认知能够提高未受干扰频段功率,增大UWB通信距离,并改善与其他无线系统频谱共享.     

采用三阶超宽带脉冲实现BPSK编码的研究

为了实现UWB(超宽带)光纤技术的多用户接入,提出了基于PM-IM(相位调制-强度调制)转换以及多路鉴频实现三阶UWB脉冲的BPSK(二进制相移键控)编码方案,分析了其工作原理并采用光子模拟软件进行了仿真。得到了不同的BPSK编码序列,其频谱中心频率为6.7GHz,相对带宽为104.5%,符合FCC(美国联邦通信委员会)对于UWB信号的规定。分析了高斯脉冲宽度和光功率对仿真结果的影响,发现高斯脉冲宽度为0.5bit时所得信号频谱最为理想,当光源功率小于26dBm时,PSD(功率谱密度)符合FCC规定,为实现多用户接入的编码提供了一种新方案。     

UWB over Fiber室内无线传输的实验研究

采用被动谐波锁模环形光纤激光器作为超宽带(UWB)光脉冲源,进行了UWB over Fiber室内无线传输的实验研究。利用啁啾脉冲补偿无线信道的色散效应的原理,减小脉冲的宽度,降低符号间干扰。基于被动谐波锁模、光脉冲展宽原理以及UWB光电转换、UWB脉冲放大和Bowtie孔径UWB天线技术,将光纤激光器的光脉冲转换为满足FCC(US federal communications commission)规定的UWB微波脉冲序列进行传输。使用光纤激光器、宽带光电转换器、宽带脉冲放大器和Bowtie孔径UWB天线搭建UWB无线通信系统,实现了约1.2m的UWB室内无线传输。并通过研究天线的间距,电磁干扰,光脉冲源以及衰减器和放大器对UWB室内无线传输的影响,得出了这种系统的最佳结构。对应无线传输发射端前加和不加电脉冲放大的两种情况,经过UWB室内无线传输后分别探测到高斯单周脉冲(FWHM约150ps)和高斯偶脉冲(FWHM约120ps)。     

伪混沌跳时超宽带信号的功率谱密度分析

依据PCTH-UWB信号的功率谱密度问题和在多址技术中的扩展性问题,提出了基于不同调制方式下新颖的PCTH UWB发射机模型。该模型在混沌脉冲位置调制方式下,引入脉冲幅度调制原理,得到了脉冲幅度调制方案及联合调制方案。并且给出了不同方式下的PCTH信号功率谱密度理论分析结果和仿真结果。结果表明,联合调制方案能够具有更好的平坦频谱,在一定程度上解决了与其他无线系统共存性问题。     

超宽带通信系统窄带干扰变换域抑制方法

结合UWB系统的工作特点,对信道中信号的频谱特性进行分析,在变换域(频域,或时间-尺度域)中设计出最佳脉冲波形,使其与周围电磁环境中含有干扰的变换域相互正交,从而有效地避开干扰.通过对环境的周期性重复采样,可使得UwB成为一个自适应抑制干扰的通信系统.仿真结果表明,设计的自适应抑制干扰脉冲比通常使用的Scholtz脉冲的性能更优,抗干扰能力更强.且此方法不需要在整个频段内降低UWB脉冲的功率谱密度,为提高UWB脉冲发射功率,增大UWB系统的通信距离,提供了一种灵活易行的参考型方案.     

A 16.3 p J/pulse low-complexity and energy-efficient transmitter with adjustable pulse parameters

This paper presents a novel,fully integrated transmitter for 3-5 GHz pulsed UWB.The BPSK modulation transmitter has been implemented in SMIC CMOS 0.13μm technology with a 1.2-V supply voitage and a die size of 0.8×0.95 mm~2.This transmitter is based on the impulse response filter method,which uses a tunable R paralleled with a LC frequency selection network to realize continuously adjustable pulse parameters,including bandwidth,width and amplitude.Due to the extremely low duty of the pulsed UWB,a proposed output buffer is employed to save power consumption significantly.Finally,measurement results show that the transmitter consumes only 16.3 pJ/pulse to achieve a pulse repetition rate of 100 Mb/s.Generated pulses strictly comply with the FCC spectral mask.The continuously variable pulse width is from 900 to 1.5 ns and the amplitude with the minimum 178 mVpp and the maximum 432 mVpp can be achieved.     

Pulse shape optimization for physical layer UWB communication and performance evaluation in Saleh–Valenzuela channel IEEE 802.15.3a

Ultra-Wideband communication faces constraints on radiated power from regulatory bodies to minimize the co-existing interference with the narrowband communication. These limitations cause sacrifices in terms of data rate. In this paper, a new methodology of pulse shaping is proposed to meet the spectrum mask given by Federal Communication Commission (FCC). This methodology acutely reduces the undesired ringing effect in the time domain which in turn reduces the required power per unit bandwidth of the signal. We select 7th order derivative of Gaussian monocycle as a base pulse and modulate this pulse with Gaussian window in the time domain to achieve the proposed pulse shape. The power spectral density (PSD) of the proposed pulse is perfectly fitted for spectral mask provided by FCC, in comparison of PSD of the base pulse, which in turn simultaneously provides better antenna power resolution due to the reduced ringing effect in the time domain for the proposed pulse. We also analyse the behaviour of the pulse in multi-user Time Hopped (TH) UWB environment for Saleh Valenzuela IEEE 802.15.3a multipath fading channel to find the suitability of the pulse for UWB communication.     

基于Hermite函数的超宽带脉冲波形设计与性能分析

根据联邦通信委员会关于超宽带辐射功率谱的限制以及适用于多址方式的窄脉冲要求,设计了一组基于Hermite函数的超宽带脉冲波形。所设计的脉冲波形具有正交性和不随阶数变化的恒定脉宽两个重要特性,从而提供了良好的防时间抖动性能并有效降低符号间干扰;为了评估相关接收机的性能,对设计脉冲信号的自相关和互相关函数的闭合表达式进行了推导;分析了跳时脉位调制超宽带系统中脉冲波形在加性高斯白噪声、多址干扰、多径衰落信道等多种环境下的误码率性能,探讨了时间抖动对系统性能的影响,并将仿真结果与高斯单周期脉冲进行比较。分析结果表明该脉冲设计方案提供了一种灵活而系统的超宽带脉冲设计方法,所设计脉冲既满足辐射功率谱限制又提供良好的系统误码性能。     

On the UWB system coexistence with GSM900, UMTS/WCDMA, and GPS

This paper evaluates the level of interference caused by different ultra-wideband (UWB) signals to other various radio systems, as well as the performance degradation of UWB systems in the presence of narrowband interference and pulsed jamming. The in-band interference caused by a selection of UWB signals is calculated at GSM900, UMTS/wideband code-division multiple-access (WCDMA), and Global Position System (GPS) frequency bands as a function of the UWB pulsewidth. Several short-pulse waveforms, based on the Gaussian pulse, can be used to generate UWB transmission. The two UWB system concepts studied here are time hopping and direct sequence spread spectrum. Baseband binary pulse amplitude modulation is used as the data modulation scheme. Proper selection of pulse waveform and pulsewidth allows one to avoid some rejected frequency bands up to a certain limit. However, the pulse shape is also intertwined with the data rate demands. If short-pulses are used in UWB communication the high-pass filtered waveforms are preferred according to the results. The use of long pulses, however, favors the generic Gaussian waveform instead. An UWB system suffers most from narrowband systems if the narrowband interference and the nominal center frequency of the UWB signal overlap. This is proved by bit-error rate simulations in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with interference at global system for mobile communication (GSM) and UMTS/WCDMA frequencies.     

Non‐linear chirp based UWB waveform design for suppression of NBI

In order to alleviate the narrowband interference (NBI) to ultra wideband (UWB) systems, we propose two non‐linear UWB chirp waveforms based on the arctrigonometric and archyperbolic function in this paper. The proposed UWB pulses can obtain good performance in NBI suppression. Both of the two chirp pulses require only the time domain processing because of the inherent relationship between the frequency domain and the time domain. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the direct sequence pulse binary amplitude modulation (DS‐BPAM) UWB systems with the proposed chirp waveforms can achieve excellent NBI suppression performance and outperform the linear chirp waveform based UWB system significantly. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于RF-BJT的超宽带极窄脉冲发生器的设计

本文简要介绍了超宽带(UWB)技术,讨论并分析了几种UWB中几种常用窄脉冲方法的特点及其局限性。基于RF-BJT雪崩特性,设计并制作了高重复速率的UWB脉冲电路发生器,获得亚纳秒级的超短、快速前沿的单极性UWB脉冲,幅度为-13.1 V,宽度为816.3 ps。     

基于认知无线电的脉冲陷波UWB窄带干扰抑制

提出了一种基于认知无线电的自适应超宽带(UWB)窄带干扰抑制方法.为了使UWB对变化的干扰环境具有自适应调节能力,引入了认知无线电技术.通过频谱感知和认知引擎技术提取窄带干扰频谱特征作为陷波器的设计依据.以高斯脉冲为例,对陷波器的陷波性能进行检验.最后,就陷波前、后脉冲的通信性能进行比较.仿真结果表明:认知陷波脉冲具有...     

Ultra-wideband radar using Fourier synthesized waveforms

Traditional methods of ultra-wideband (UWB) radar signal generation suffer from several disadvantages such as low antenna radiation efficiency and lack of accurate control of signal parameters like pulse shape, pulse repetition interval (PRI), and its spectrum. UWB signals can be generated by expanding the desired radar waveform in a Fourier series and then synthesizing the waveform by generating the individual terms in the expansion from harmonically related oscillators. Signals thus produced overcome the disadvantages of traditional methods of UWB signal generation. Fourier series based method for generation of complex amplitude coded waveforms is developed which can be used to generate time domain equivalent of Barker and other codes for application in radar and communication areas. In radar applications, these coded waveforms, with accurate and stable waveform parameters, shall allow pulse compression and coherent integration. The additional processing gain provided by these operations reduces the need for high peak power in radar transmitters which is one of the bottlenecks in the implementation of operational UWB radars. This paper also describes a UWB radar concept which incorporates Fourier synthesized waveforms. Related digital signal processing issues are also discussed     

A fully integrated low power PAM multi-channel UWB transmitter

A new transmitter for ultra-wideband (UWB) impulse radio is described in this paper. The new UWB transmitter implements a low power Gaussian shaping filter to reduce the side-lobe in the frequency domain. A simple pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) circuit is used to keep the power consumption low. The proposed architecture features the simple design, low-power operation, and enables the pulse-shape generation for a multi-channel UWB. The core layout size is only 0.2 mm². The simulation results show that the generated signals satisfy the FCC spectrum mask, and the average power consumption is <1.97 mW for the 1.8 V supply voltage. Pulses are transmitted at a PRF (pulse repetition frequency) of 40.5 MHz in 500 MHz bandwidth channels equally spaced within the 3.1–10.6 GHz UWB. This transmitter is designed and fabricated in a 0.18-μm CMOS process.     

干扰抑制的UWB脉冲设计与性能分析

提出了一种新的带内（窄带或宽带）干扰抑制的超宽带脉冲的设计方法。采用不同幅度和延迟的高斯脉冲的组合来拟合抽样函数脉冲,实现了超宽带频谱屏蔽的高效逼近,并能够和带内的其他通信系统更好地共存。在介绍设计原理的基础上,给出了设计时域波形的具体实现及波形所对应的功率谱密度图,使其满足FCC频谱屏蔽的要求。同时,对于假设存在的带内干扰对波形进行类似的设计,使其具备抑制干扰的能力。最后,分析了TH—PSKUWB系统的传输性能,并和最佳单周期高斯波形进行了详细的比较,结果表明：其误码性能远远优于最佳单周期高斯波形。