烧结工艺对ZnO压敏陶瓷微观结构与电学性能影响

以ZnO粉末为主要原料,添加TiO2、Bi2O3、MnO2、Co2O3、Sb2O3为组元,在不同烧结温度(1100~1250℃)与保温时间(1.0~2.5h)下制备ZnO压敏陶瓷。采用SEM观察陶瓷形貌,利用压敏电阻直流参数仪测试陶瓷的电学性能,研究烧结温度与保温时间对陶瓷结构和性能的影响。结果表明,随烧结温度升高,压敏电压、漏电流逐渐降低,而非线性系数先减小后增加。制备ZnO压敏陶瓷的适宜烧结温度与保温时间分别为1250℃、1h,压敏电压为17.0V/mm、漏电流为0.014mA、非线性系数为14.2,陶瓷内部晶粒可长大至128.7μm。     

Effects of CeO2 doping on the structure and properties of PSN-PZN-PMS-PZT piezoelectric ceramics

Quinary system piezoelectric ceramics PSN-PZN-PMS-PZT were prepared by using a two-step method. The effects of CeO2 doping on piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the system were investigated at morphotropic phase boundary （MPB）. The results reveal that the relative dielectric constant ε33^T｜ε0, the Curie temperature To, the piezoelectric constant d33, the mechanical quality factor Qm, and the electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp are changed with the increase of CeO2 content. On the other hand, the effects of CeO2 doping on the dielectric properties of PSN-PZN-PMS-PZT piezoelectric ceramics at high electric field are consistent with the change at weak electric field. The values of dielectric constant and dielectric loss are enhanced with the increasing of electric field.     

烧结助剂对高气孔率SiC陶瓷结构和性能的影响

由叔丁醇、丙烯酰胺和SiC粉及烧结助剂组成固相含量为10%(体积分数)的陶瓷浆料,采用凝胶注模成型和无压烧结工艺制备多孔SiC陶瓷,研究Al2O3和Al2O3+SiO2这两种烧结助剂体系对多孔SiC陶瓷的气孔率、显微结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Al2O3+SiO2复合烧结助剂明显改善SiC陶瓷的烧结性能,与采用单一的Al2O3烧结助剂相比,SiC样品的烧结温度和莫来石的生成温度均降低50℃左右;两种不同的烧结助剂制成的试样中的气孔均呈很窄的单峰分布,中位孔径为2μm左右;随烧结温度的升高压缩强度增大,而气孔率变化不大;以Al2O3+SiO2为烧结助剂、在1 400℃烧结的试样的气孔率和强度分别达到70.57%和17.74 MPa。     

Effects of Cr2O3 doping on the electrical properties and the temperature stabilities of PZT binary piezoelectric ceramics

The ceramics with Pb1.04Zr0.52Ti0.48O3 + z wt.% Cr2O3 were prepared using the traditional technique.The effects of Cr2O3 doping on the phase structure,the microstructure,and the electrical properties of ceramics were investigated.Meanwhile,the temperature stabilities of the resonant frequency (fr) were studied.The results showed that the △fr/fr,25℃ decreased with the addition of 0.2 wt.% - 0.8 wt.% Cr2O3 as compared with the undoped samples.The minimum value (-0.182%) of △fr/fr,25℃ was obtained for z = 0.6 wt.% Cr2O3 samples that sintered at 1260℃.The values of εT33/ε0 = 1650,tanδ = 0.006,d33 = 328 pC/N,Kp= 0.63,Qm = 2300 were obtained when Cr2O3 was 0.6 wt.%,which exhibited more excellent piezoelectric properties than other compositions such as those with z = 0.2 wt.%,0.4 wt.%,and 0.8 wt.%,but had a similar value as compared with the undoped samples.When the Cr2O3 additive increased,the Curie temperature moved toward low temperature and the changes of resonant frequency changed from positive to negative with increasing temperature.     

准同型相界附近PMN-PT陶瓷的介电与压电性能

采用铌铁矿预产物合成法制备了组成在相界附近的(1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-x PbTiO3弛豫铁电陶瓷.陶瓷样品X射线衍射相组成和相结构分析表明:所有陶瓷样品均为纯钙钛矿相,没有检测出其它杂相;而且组成在x=0.33 mol处存在一准同型相界(MPB),在该相界附近三方相和四方相共存,而远离该相界则分别为纯三方相和四方相.在该相界附近组成具有优异的介电和压电性能:εm～38000,Ec～5 kV/cm,P～31.5 μC/cm2,d33～500 pC/N,这主要是由于宏观上的三方和四方两相共存,或微观上的微畴和宏畴共存引起的.     

烧结温度对多孑L钛组织结构与性能的影响

分别在1000、1100、1200、1300和1400℃下真空烧结制备了多孔钛试样,并对多孔钛试样进行孔结构、组织结构和性能检测,研究了烧结温度与多孔钛的结构和性能的关系。结果表明:随着烧结温度的提高,多孔钛中颗粒边缘由尖锐变圆滑,孔型由不规则形向圆形转变,烧结颈由细变粗进而出现颗粒表面熔化,孔隙率下降。硬度随烧结温度的提高,呈现先升后降的变化规律,抗压强度逐步提高。     

Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of Lix（K0.46Na0.54） 1-xNb0.86Ta0.1 Sb0.04O3 lead-free ceramics

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics Lix（K0.46Na0.54）1-xNb0.86Ta0.1Sb0.0403 （with x ranging from 0 to 0.1） were synthesized by conventional solid state sintering method. The effect of cationic substitution of Li for K and Na in the A sites of perovskite lattice on the structure, phase transition behavior and electrical properties were investigated. Morphotropic phase boundaries（MPB） between orthorhombic and tetragonal phase are found in the composition range of 0.06≤x≤0.08. Analogous to Pb（Zr, Ti）O3, the dielectric and piezoelectric properties are enhanced for the composition near the morphotropic phase boundary. The Li0.06（K0.46Na0.54）0.94- Nb0.86Ta0.1Sb0.04O3 ceramics show excellent electrical properties, that is, piezoelectric constant d33=215 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling factor kp=41%, dielectric constant ε33^T /ε0=1 303, and dielectric loss tan δ=2.45%. The results indicate that Lix（K0.46Na0.54）1 -xNb0.86Ta0.1Sb0.0403 ceramic is a promising lead-free piezoelectric material.     

烧结温度对一种镍基高温合金组织和力学性能的影响

借助金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪等探讨了不同烧结温度对一种粉末冶金镍基高温合金（Ni-Cr-Fe-Al-Mn-Cu-Mo-Ti-Si）的组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明：烧结温度的高低影响着合金的微观组织形态,随着烧结温度的提高,合金的硬度和抗压强度呈现先升高后降低的趋势,当烧结温度在1330 ℃时,合金具有最高的维氏硬度值（253.2 HV）和最好的抗压性能（992.7 MPa）。同时,烧结温度的高低将直接影响强化相和有害相的析出。     

Li掺杂Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li(1/7-x))O3高熵陶瓷的制备及介电性能研究

近年来,在高熵合金基础上发展起来的高熵陶瓷逐渐引起了研究者的广泛关注,其出现为开发高性能的无机非金属材料提供了新的设计思路。本文采用固相法制备了BaMO3基钙钛矿型高熵陶瓷Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li(1/7-x))O3 (x = 0, 2.3%, 5.3%, 8.3%, 11.3%),并研究了Li含量对高熵陶瓷物相结构、微观形貌及介电性能的影响。结果表明,Li含量对陶瓷结构的影响不大,陶瓷均保持立方钙钛矿结构,且无杂相产生;陶瓷的晶粒尺寸相对较均匀。当x = 0时,即B位七元等摩尔比Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li1/7)O3高熵陶瓷,其介电常数达到了最大值2920 (@100 Hz),相较于已报道的不掺Li的六元高熵钙钛矿陶瓷Ba(Ti1/6Sn1/6Zr1/6Hf1/6Nb1/6Ga1/6)O3提升了近50倍。     

Influence of Sb<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> doping on the properties of KBT-NBT-BT lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

0.144(K0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.85(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.006BaTiO3(KBT-NBT-BT) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were prepared using a conventional solid state method.The influence of Sb2O3 doping on the crystal phase,surface microstructure and properties of the KBT-NBT-BT lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were investigated using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM) and other analytical methods.The results show that all compositions are of pure perovskite structure solid states.Sb2O3 doping does not influence the microstructure of KBT-NBT-BT lead-free piezoelectric ceramics obviously in the Sb2O3 doping range of 0.1-0.5 wt.%.Sb2O3 functions as a donor when doped small amount,while functions as a acceptor when doped large amount.The piezoelectric strain constant(d33) increases first and then decreases;the dielectric constant(ε3T3/ε0) and the dielectric loss(tanδ) decrease continuously when the amount of Sb2O3 dopant increases.When the doping amount of Sb2O3 is 0.1 wt.%,the KBT-NBT-BT piezoelectric ceramics with good comprehensive properties are obtained,whose d33,ε3T3/ε0 and tanδ are 147 pC/N,1510 and 4.2%,respectively.     

激光能量输入对直接激光沉积莫来石陶瓷组织性能的影响

研究了激光能量密度对直接激光沉积熔体自生莫来石陶瓷孔隙/密度、微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,较低激光能量密度(15 J/mm2)所制备的陶瓷样件边缘分布有尺寸较大的气孔,使得样件整体孔隙率较高,且表面粘粉严重,这与成形扫描速度大和硅酸盐熔体粘度高有关.而较高激光能量密度(90 J/mm2)虽然可以获得表面光滑、莫...     

烧结温度对快速凝固TiAl合金组织及力学性能的影响(英文)

将快速凝固Ti-46Al-2Cr-4Nb-0.3Y(摩尔分数,%)合金薄带破碎成粉末,然后通过等离子烧结(SPS)制备成块体。研究烧结温度对烧结块体的组织和力学性能的影响。在1200℃烧结时得到完全致密的块体。进一步升高烧结温度对合金密度的影响不大,但是对烧结块体的显微组织及相结构有显著影响。烧结块体主要由γ和α2相组成,随着烧结温度的升高,α2相的体积分数降低,块体合金由近γ组织演变为近层片组织,且组织逐渐粗化,但是长大不明显。1260℃烧结得到的块体组织细小、均匀,没有明显微偏析,具有良好的综合力学性能,室温压缩断裂强度和压缩率分别为2984MPa和41.5%,高温(800℃)拉伸断裂强度和伸长率分别为527.5MPa和5.9%。     

Dielectric properties of spark plasma sintering AlN-W composite ceramics

In order to develop AlN composites suitable for high average power electronic tube,AlN-W materials were prepared by spark plasma sintering.The effects of manufacture parameters on dielectric loss tangent and permittivity constant were investigated,which include powder-mixed method,milling time of high-energy ball milling,starting powder particle size,sintering temperature and holding time and adding amount of the conductive second phase.The results showed that AlN-W materials sintered at the temperature of 1700°C holding for 5 min with 10 vol.% W showed the best dielectric loss tangent larger than 0.81 at the frequency 1 kHz-1 MHz.In addition,magnetic stirring mixed powder and lower sintering temperature led to the better properties because of the higher porosity.The samples sintered from the starting AlN powder with smaller particle size also had the better properties.     

掺Sr改性Bi0．5（Na0．8K0．2）0．5TiO3无铅压电陶瓷的微观结构和性能研究

采用传统的陶瓷工艺制备了Sr掺杂Bi0.5（Na0.8K0．2）0．5TiO3无铅压电陶瓷（化学式为[Bi0.5（Na0.8K0．2）0．5]1-xSrxTiO3，x=0～0．1），研究了Sr掺杂对陶瓷样品的微观结构、压电以及介电性能的影响。X射线衍射结果表明：当掺杂量较小时（x=0，0．02），样品为四方相；随着掺杂量的增加（x=0．04～0．1），样品逐渐转变为三方相。压电与介电性能测试结果表明：样品的压电常数西3和机电耦合系数kp开始时都随着X的增加而逐渐增大，并分别在x=0．06和x=0．04时达到最大值，其后随着X的增加都逐渐减小：样品的介电常数ε^T33／ε0则随X的增加而几乎线性增加。在x=0．06时，样品的d33=178pC／N，kp=31％，ε^T33／ε0=850。     

烧结温度对铁镍代钴硬质合金组织和性能的影响

采用传统粉末冶金工艺制备了WC+TiC+Ni+Fe硬质合金,研究了不同烧结温度对铁镍代钴硬质合金显微组织和性能的影响。结果表明:烧结温度为1 400～1 480℃时,合金组织正常,无石墨相和η相产生。试样的密度随烧结温度的上升而逐渐增加。在研究的烧结温度范围内,WC+TiC+Ni+Fe合金的硬度和抗弯强度值都是先升高,再缓慢降低。试验最佳烧结温度为1 440℃,材料的综合力学性能最好,硬度和抗弯强度值达到"双高",其值分别为91.6 HRA和1 720 MPa。并且此时合金的切削性能与传统的WC+TiC+Co合金相当。     

烧结温度对FeCu基烧结胎体组织及性能的影响

为降低Fe基粉末的烧结温度,在Fe基粉末中添加一定比例的CuZnSnMnSi粘结剂粉末,研究了不同烧结温度下烧结胎体的组织及性能。结果表明,烧结胎体主要由Cu基固溶体、Fe基固溶体及(Mn,Si)x·Oy相组成,随着烧结温度的升高,烧结胎体的相对密度先增大后减小,条带状(Mn,Si)x·Oy相逐渐聚集长大成圆球状;随着烧结温度的升高,烧结胎体的抗弯强度先升高后降低,在烧结温度为750 ℃时,烧结胎体具有最大的平均抗弯强度684 MPa;烧结胎体的抗弯强度主要取决于相对密度和(Mn,Si)x·Oy相,界面孔隙、条带状或大尺寸圆球状(Mn,Si)x·Oy相的存在是抗弯强度降低的主要原因。     

烧结温度对氧化铝陶瓷疲劳损伤过程的影响

用在线定量分析方法跟踪了不同烧结温度对利用铝型材厂废渣合成的氧化铝陶瓷的疲劳损伤过程的影响,同时结合试样的XRD和SEM分析结果,确定了影响氧化铝陶瓷疲劳特性的主要因素.结果表明,1450℃烧成的试样的疲劳裂纹萌生寿命最高,达到6100周,此时体系内玻璃相含量约为30%,晶相含量约为70%.其中玻璃相含量的高低是决定氧化铝陶瓷疲劳特性的主要因素.     

Study on magnetic and dielectric properties of YMnO3 ceramics

The magnetic and dielectric properties were investigated in the hexagonal YMnO₃ ceramics synthesized by sol-gel method. An antiferromagnetic order about 70 K and a weak ferromagnetic order at 5 K have been detected in YMnO₃ ceramics. In addition, we observed also the exchange-bias (EB) effect at low temperatures and it may originate from exchange coupling at the interface between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic orders for the co-existence of these two orders in some temperature region in hexagonal YMnO₃. Furthermore, the dielectric measurements showed two thermally activated relaxation behaviors following the Arrhenius law in 290-430 K and above 500 K in YMnO₃ ceramics and they can be explained as the dipolar effects associated with the charge carrier hopping between Mn²⁺ and Mn³⁺ and oxygen vacancy, respectively.