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近年来,微通道板光电倍增管(MCP-PMT)是指以微通道板为电子倍增系统的光电倍增管,与传统的静电聚焦打拿极相比,在结构上使得电子从光电阴极到阳极的距离大大减小,加上微通道板的电子倍增特性等优点,使该种光电倍增管在较多领域得到了广泛应用,研究其性能,对于设计、制造高性能的微通道板光电倍增管具有指导意义.基于这种情况,本文简要介绍了光电倍增管的国内外研究现状,并对两者进行了对比分析,对基于微通道板光电倍增管的结构及工作原理进行了叙述,然后对光电倍增管的响应性能、抗电磁场性能、增益性能和暗电流性能进行了研究,从而为关注这一话题的研究人员提供理论依据. 相似文献
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光电倍增管,在单光子探测应用中,有独特优势,其有效面积大,暗电流低,且倍增系数大。基于三代负电子亲和势阴极技术研究了InGaAs光电倍增管,利用GaAs衬底外延InGaAs,将三代光电阴极截止波长从920nm拓展至1100nm,阴极积分灵敏度340uA/lm,光谱峰值830nm,1000nm辐射灵敏度6.2mA/W,InGaAs性能达到日本滨松公司V8071U-76产品水平。在内置2块微通道板后,整管电子倍增系数大于105。 相似文献
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大电流、高增益门控光电倍增管的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了一个目前国内外公开文献报导中输出电流最大、电流增益最高且具有门控选通功能的微通道板光电倍增管,该管采用了大直径输入窗、多碱光电阴极、三块微通道作倍增极的近贴聚焦结构。 相似文献
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通过一种新型的转换效率更高的大球面微通道板光电倍增管的研制,实现了近全球面的光阴极有效面,提高了探测光信号的效率,采用管内阳极电信号同轴传输、管外同轴输出结构,能够有效降低干扰,可实现脉冲信号的良好传输. 相似文献
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传统上使用机械旋钮调节光电倍增管 (PMT) 增益的方法不仅存在需要人为依据经验手动操作、准确性差等
弊端, 而且 PMT 增益易受温度影响, 需要根据环境温度动态调整 PMT 的高压, 这些局限性都不利于其在激光雷达系
统中的应用。为了便于对 PMT 进行增益调节并保持 PMT 增益的稳定, 设计了可用于激光雷达系统的 PMT 控制电路
板, 该电路可使用计算机实现增益调节和高压的温度自适应调节, 从而精简了信号探测系统的结构与体积, 提升了信
号的稳定性。本工作采用内置高压电源的 H10721-20 型 PMT, 并基于 STM32 单片机结合数模转换器 (DAC) 和外围
电路完成控制电路板的设计并进行实际制作。进一步对使用电位器调节的 PMT 和利用所提出的控制方法进行调节
的 PMT 进行了高压稳定性的对比实验, 并对使用 PMT 控制电路板的米散射激光雷达的性能进行了测试。实验结果
表明所提出的控制方法可实现更稳定的 PMT 增益控制, 设计的 PMT 控制电路板具有良好的可靠性。 相似文献
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《Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on》1960,7(3):143-146
A grid-controlled secondary-emission electron multiplier amplifier tube has been designed and built which can deliver an output pulse of five amperes into a load impedance of 100 ohms, with a rise time of less than 10 mµsec and a transit time of less than 20 mµsec. The measured transconductance of the tube is 600,000 µmhos, and it can provide a positive output pulse with a positive grid input. The tube is constructed as a series of concentric cylinders, with the grid and cathode structure of a 6AG7 pentode serving as a controlled emitter source. Outside the last grid, a series of four louvered, concentric dynodes are placed, with the first dynode serving as the missing pentode plate. Outside the last dynode are a screen-mesh collector and a fifth dynode. From the fifth dynode, a solid cylinder, the output pulse is taken. The concentric geometry has several advantages. Space-charge difficulties are decreased because the current gain at each dynode may be kept at a high level without increasing the current density in proportion. Furthermore, the geometry is suited to a coaxial input and output for obtaining optimum rise-time characteristics. 相似文献
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Stewart A.G. Saveliev V. Bellis S.J. Herbert D.J. Hughes P.J. Jackson J.C. 《Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of》2008,44(2):157-164
A silicon photomultiplier (SPM) is a large area detector consisting of a parallel array of photon counting microcells. Each microcell consists of a Geiger Mode photodiode with an integrated quenching element. Each microcell is then connected to a common output. The microcells have a uniform gain of up to 10 and provide an identical charge output signal for each photon detected. Under illumination the summed output of the detector is proportional to the number of Geiger pulses and hence proportional to the incident photon flux. This combination gives extremely high performance comparable to that of a conventional photomultiplier tube (PMT). We report on the characterization of two different 1 mm2 SPM detector designs with 620 and 920 microcells at room temperature (20 deg) and down to . We assess detection efficiency, breakdown voltage, gain, dark rate, crosstalk, timing jitter and dynamic range. The SPM detector operates over the visible region of the spectrum, characterized here from 400 to 800 nm. The peak photon detection efficiency of 15% occurs at 500 nm with a cooled () dark rate of 600 at a bias voltage of 31 V. In a test for positron emission tomography (PET), an energy resolution of 25% was recorded for the detection of 511 keV gamma radiation using 1 mm1 mm15 mm LYSO scintillator crystal. The SPM has many applications such as medical imaging, microscopy, high-energy physics, and homeland security. 相似文献
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Tianwu Wang Krzysztof Iwaszczuk Emil Astrup Wrisberg Emil Vosmar Denning Peter Uhd Jepsen 《Journal of Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves》2016,37(6):592-604
The performance of air-biased coherent detection (ABCD) in a broadband two-color laser-induced air plasma system for terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has been investigated. Fundamental parameters of the ABCD detection, including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), dynamic range (DR), and linearity of detection have been characterized. Moreover, the performance of a photomultiplier tube (PMT) and an avalanche photodiode (APD) as photodetector in the ABCD have been compared. We have observed nonlinear behavior of PMT detector, which leads to artificial gain factor in TDS spectroscopy. The APD turns out to have superior linearity and three times higher dynamic compared to the PMT. 相似文献
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介绍了激光共聚焦扫描仪的成像原理以及PMT的特性和控制原理,在此基础上详细分析了FPGA通过DAC动态控制PMT增益的微弱荧光信号检测方法,以适应不同的荧光强度,FPGA同时控制16位高速AD转换,得到高精度图像数据。实验结果表明,系统具有高精度和高分辨率的特点,可探测到0.1个荧光分子/μm2。 相似文献
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本文提出了一种非决定性的蒙特卡洛法同计算真空中电子轨迹的决定性的数值积分法相结合的蒙特卡洛数值积分法,用以模拟电子在电子光学系统中运动的全过程,计算打拿极(或阳极)对电子的收集效率,探讨电子发射角和初能量分布的影响。以研制中的陶瓷通导式光电倍增管为例进行了实际计算,讨论了本方法的局限性以及进一步开拓的问题。 相似文献
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简述了5英寸半球形微通道板光电倍增管(简称:5”半球形MCP-PMT)的电子光学系统设计和优化试验;整管结构设计、工艺路径设计和光电参数设计.介绍了研制过程中,为确保MCP的增益特性和增益的稳定性,针对暗发射、真空性能等所采取的技术措施和相关工艺;分析产生暗电流(Id)和Id稳定性差(跳动)的各种因素,进行多次试验验证,解决了降低Id并使之趋于稳定的关键技术,优化了相关结构,在正常工作条件下,可达到Id≤30nA.为使器件更适用于进行单光子探测,本文还提出了研制量子效率更高、时间特性更好的全球形MCP-PMT的发展方向. 相似文献
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《Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on》1977,24(4):442-446
The deposition of a silicon layer containing a p-n junction on a metallurgical silicon substrate has been used for the fabrication of solar cells. The substrate was prepared by the unidirectional solidification of purified metallurgical silicon on a graphite plate, and the active region of the solar cell was deposited by the thermal reduction of trichlorosilane with hydrogen containing appropriate dopants. The current-voltage characteristics of a number of solar cells were measured in the dark and under illumination. The AM1 efficiency of large-area cells (30 cm2) was up to 5.5 percent. When a large-area cell was divided into small-area (5-cm2) ones, the conversion efficiency was found to correlate directly with the dark current-voltage characteristics of, and the structural properties of silicon in, each cell. 相似文献