脉冲光布里渊散射信号的拉曼放大研究

实验研究了前向拉曼泵浦方式下脉冲信号光产生的自发布里渊散射信号和受激布里渊散射(SBS)信号的拉曼放大规律。拉曼泵浦放大自发布里渊散射信号时,随泵浦功率增大会出现SBS现象,对散射信号的放大由拉曼放大和布里渊放大两部分引起,因此增益较大,当拉曼泵浦功率为1 000 mW时Stokes光增益可达54 dB。拉曼泵浦放大SBS信号时,放大过程中只存在拉曼放大。且当泵浦功率增大至600 mW时,会引起多级布里渊散射,致使一级Stokes和泵浦能量会转移到下一级布里渊散射,一级Stokes光增益饱和并下降。     

脉冲预泵浦瑞利BOTDA系统的解析模型与仿真

将脉冲预泵浦的概念引入瑞利布里渊光时域分析系统,利用由传感脉冲和经微波调制的预泵浦脉冲组成的阶梯脉冲作调制信号,通过作为探测光的时间有限的预泵浦脉冲1阶边带的瑞利散射与传感脉冲的受激布里渊作用,实现布里渊信号的时域整形,减小非本地效应;通过预泵浦脉冲0阶基带和传感脉冲的受激布里渊作用,实现布里渊信号的谱域整形,有效地解决空间分辨率和测量精度之间的矛盾。利用频域法求解瞬态耦合波方程,建立了阶梯脉冲光在光纤中受激布里渊作用的解析模型。仿真结果表明,当传感脉冲宽度为5 ns、峰值功率为100 mW,预泵浦脉冲宽度为50 ns、峰值功率为16 mW时,在空间分辨率0.5 m内受激布里渊散射增益在0.14 m处达到最大值,然后近似线性下降至0.37 m处,其余位置近似为零;系统布里渊散射谱宽近似为35 MHz,约为传统瑞利布里渊光时域分析系统布里渊谱宽212 MHz的1/6,在相同空间分辨率下提高了频率测量精度。     

一种新型瑞利BOTDA系统的研究

搭建了一种新型的基于瑞利散射的布里渊光时域分析（Rayleigh Brillouin optical time domain analysis, RBOTDA）传感系统。该系统工作在单端,能克服传统 BOTDA双端接入的缺点;采用两个EOM并联的结构产生含有连续基底光的脉冲光,探测光由基底连续光的瑞利散射提供,避免了多种受激布里渊散射（stimulated Brillouin scattering,SBS）作用带来的干扰,信噪比更高,传感距离更长;采用双边带探测方法,有效减少泵浦脉冲的损耗与非本地效应。建模解析了该系统中的SBS作用过程,并实验验证了系统的可行性。结果表明,布里渊增益谱完好地贴合洛伦兹曲线,非本地效应得到了有效的抑制;在2.4 km光纤上,室温25℃下泵浦脉宽50 ns时,布里渊频移为10.867 GHz,布里渊线宽约为40.21 MHz。     

布里渊光时域反射系统中布里渊散射信号的前向和后向拉曼放大研究

由于布里渊光时域反射(BOTDR)系统中布里渊散射信号非常微弱,常常导致传感距离受限,进而影响系统的信噪比和测量精度。因此,提出对BOTDR系统中布里渊散射信号的前向和后向拉曼放大进行研究。实验结果表明,后向抽运拉曼放大的受激布里渊散射(SBS)阈值要比前向抽运的高;当抽运功率为700mW时,前向抽运放大增益可达13.78dB,随后出现二阶布里渊散射谱线,使得放大增益开始下降;当抽运功率为1000mW时,后向抽运放大增益可达16.33dB,随后放大增益仍有增长的趋势,有利于对布里渊背向散射信号持续放大。     

基于高非线性光纤中SBS效应的慢光系统

实验研究了高非线性光纤(HNLF)中受激布里渊散射(SBS)的阈值、增益谱、放大特性及其慢光特性,并与普通单模光纤(SMF)进行了对比分析。测量实验表明,HNLF在线宽100MHz的泵浦激光作用下,SBS的阈值为60mW,增益带宽为150MHz,获得的最大慢光延迟量将近15ns,延迟谱与增益谱较好对应。对基于SBS的未来全光通信系统中的高性能光延迟线或全光缓存器具有重要的参考价值。     

波长间隔为20 GHz的多波长布里渊光纤激光器

设计了一种基于环形腔的双倍布里渊频移间隔的可调谐光纤激光器实验装置。 该实验装置由一个3 dB耦合器、一台可调谐激光源(TLS)、一台980 nm泵浦和一个实现双倍布里渊频移环形腔构成。该结构耦合输出偶数阶Stokes光,从而实现间隔约为20 GHz或0.16 nm的多波长输出。并研究了980 nm泵浦光和BP光功率对输出偶数阶Stokes光波数的影响。当980 nm 泵浦功率固定为26 dBm(400 mW),BP功率为10 dBm时,获得了间隔为0.16 nm的11个稳定激光输出以及36 nm(1530~1566 nm)的可调谐范围。     

基于受激布里渊散射的可调谐多波长激光器

可调谐多波长布里渊掺铒光纤激光器将光纤中的SBS非线性放大同掺铒光纤的线性放大相结合得到室温稳定的多波长输出,具有波长间隔一致、线宽窄、功率谱相对平坦等优点。设计了一种基于光纤布拉格(FBG)反射的线性可调谐多波长布里渊掺铒光纤激光器。该线性腔激光器的一端利用光纤布拉格光栅作为反射镜,有效抑制了腔内自激模的影响,增加激光器输出波长数。布里渊泵浦信号进入布里渊增益介质之前经过掺铒光纤放大器的两次放大,降低了布里渊增益的阈值。该多波长激光器实现了1 530～1 560 nm之间30 nm可调谐范围的输出。在布里渊泵浦信号功率2 mW,980 nm泵源抽运功率60 mW情况下,1 540～1 554 nm范围内,获得了波长间隔0.088 nm的16个波长的输出。     

一种利用布里渊谱宽确定光纤SBS阈值的新方法

针对传统的通过功率信息测量所得受激布里渊散射阈值偏高的问题,提出了一种利用布里渊散射谱宽确定光纤受激布里渊散射阈值的新方法。分析了本地外差检测的原理及布里渊散射谱宽与入纤光功率的关系;设计了基于本地外差检测的布里渊散射谱测量系统,在常温下对不同长度标准单模光纤的受激布里渊散射阈值进行了测量。实验结果表明:当光纤长度分别为48.8 km和9.5 km时,根据功率信息获得的受激布里渊散射阈值对应的布里渊散射谱宽均接近恒定值10 MHz,此时已发生严重的泵浦耗尽效应。利用布里渊散射谱表现出的低入纤功率时谱宽的线性下降特性和高入纤功率时谱宽的功率无关特性确定的两种光纤长度下的受激布里渊散射阈值分别为1.12 mW和3.8 mW,对应的布里渊散射谱宽分别为24.86 MHz和23 MHz,其值近似等于布里渊自然线宽。文中的研究结果对布里渊光时域反射系统最大入纤光功率的确定具有重要的参考价值。     

新型多抽头复系数微波光子滤波器

基于受激布里渊散射（SBS）和可调谐多波长光纤激光器,设计了一款基于新型多抽头的复系数微波光子滤波器。该滤波器由SBS效应引入一个相移量实现复系数,通过调节SBS的泵浦光功率控制相移量的大小,进而实现滤波器的中心频率连续可调谐。实验研究了基于高掺杂铒纤的可调谐多波长光纤激光器,得到了波长间隔为0.338 nm的多达16个激光信号的稳定输出。以实验数据为抽头光源,仿真研究了SBS增益介质长度、抽头光源的数目和波长间隔对该款微波光子滤波器性能的影响。     

介质FC-770受激布里渊散射脉冲压缩Stokes线宽特性研究(特邀)

布里渊散射是指入射到介质的泵浦光束与介质内的弹性声波声子发生相互作用而产生的三阶非线性光散射现象。在受激布里渊散射(SBS)脉冲压缩过程中，时域脉宽压缩研究较为广泛，但压缩过程中频域线宽变化与介质粘度、折射率等特性密切相关，因此文中研究聚焦单池结构下SBS脉冲压缩过程中介质FC-770产生的Stokes线宽变化影响因素，发现随着泵浦能量的增加，Stokes线宽先迅速增加后逐渐压窄至400 MHz左右，而随着产生池前透镜焦距的逐渐减小，Stokes线宽迅速压窄，且随能量变化线宽变化范围减小，最后探究了入射激光线宽对Stokes线宽变化的影响因素，得出介质FC-770产生的Stokes线宽值与入射激光线宽呈正比例关系，入射激光线宽值由280 MHz变化到450 MHz左右时，输出的Stokes线宽值由500 MHz变化到680 MHz左右。     

Bandwidth-reconfigurable single-passband microwave photonic filter based on stimulated Brillouin scattering

A bandwidth-reconfigurable filter is necessary to meet the need of growing communication capacity and signal coverage frequency range. The stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) gain spectrum as a filter passband is used to extract desired microwave signals. Due to the fact that the passband is formed by mapping the Brillouin gain spectrum, bandwidth reconfigurability can be implemented by changing Brillouin gain linewidth. In this paper, a scheme using a 5-lines optical comb acting as a Brillouin pump is experimentally demonstrated. The spectrum of the 5-lines optical comb is extended by a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) pulse modulated signal. Experiments have shown that the 3-dB and 20-dB bandwidths of the filter are 196 MHz and 257 MHz, respectively, and its 20-dB shape factor is 1.31. The passband ripple is ~3.5 dBm with stop-band rejection of 20 dBm under 15 dBm optical pump power.     

Characterization of Brillouin fiber generator and amplifier for optimized working condition of distributed sensors

The Brillouin fiber amplifier (BFA) has been used in Brillouin optical time and frequency domain analyzer based sensors. For BFA based distributed sensor the optimized working condition is to have the highest Brillouin gain, i.e., highest SNR, which avoids high pump depletion induced gain saturation. We have found that the optimum working condition for distributed sensor system is associated with the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) threshold for BFA, which can be experimentally determined with Stokes power inflexion and/or Stokes spectrum linewidth minimum methods. This threshold depends on both pump and probe power instead of just the pump power as in Brillouin fiber generator (BFG), as well as on sensing length as confirmed by our experimental results and theoretical simulation. This was achieved by introducing the concept of absorption coefficient of the sensing medium defined as the ratio of the total output power to the total input power. We find that the medium absorption is minimized when input Stokes power is an order of magnitude lower than BFA threshold. This minimum is a signature of the balance between maximum Stokes gain and pump depletion which is also the reason why Stokes spectrum linewidth goes through a minimum.     

一种线形腔的多波长布里渊掺铒光纤激光器

布里渊掺铒光纤激光器(BEFL)是一种利用非线性效应——布里渊散射来实现多波长输出的激光器,波长间隔大约为0.088 nm(11 GHz).研究了一种多波长布里渊掺铒光纤激光器线形结构,通过引入反馈实现多波长输出.在布里渊泵浦功率为11 mW,980 nm泵浦功率为12 mW时获得了波长间隔为0.08 nm的34个波长的激光输出以及1 525～1 570 nm可调谐范围.并通过调节980 nm抽运光功率以及布里渊泵浦光波长,实现了可调谐的多波长输出.还研究了980 nm抽运光功率对产生的斯托克斯光波数的影响.     

Observation of stimulated Brillouin scattering in low-loss silica fibre at 1.3 ?m

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in low-loss single-mode silica fibre is observed at 1.32 ?m using a continuous-wave single-frequency Nd:YAG laser. The threshold for SBS is 5 mW and the transmitted power reaches a saturated maximum for launch powers exceeding about 10 mW. A conversion efficiency of 65% is observed. The Stokes frequency shift is 12.7±0.2 GHz.     

单频脉冲光纤放大器中的SBS效应实验研究

为了研究受激布里渊散射(SBS)效应对单频脉冲光纤激光放大器中脉冲波形的影响,搭建了单频脉冲光纤激光放大器系统。实验中观测到脉冲波形的畸变,继续提高功率,畸变处出现峰值功率极高的尖峰,分析认为,光纤中的二次受激布里渊散射导致了尖峰脉冲出现。为验证这一结论,构造包含二阶Stokes波的耦合方程组,进行了模拟仿真。结果表明,该峰值功率极高的尖峰正是SBS效应的二阶Stokes波。     

单频大功率光纤放大器中抑制受激布里渊散射的理论分析

对单频大功率光纤放大器中的受激布里渊散射(SBS)抑制问题进行了分析和模拟。建立了双包层光纤放大器的含有受激布里渊散射效应的传输方程组,并考虑了温度差对受激布里渊增益系数的影响。通过数值求解方程组研究了前向、后向和双向抽运方式下,抽运功率、对流系数、光纤长度和斯托克斯频率偏移对受激布里渊散射增益的影响。在抽运功率、对流系数和光纤长度均相同的条件下,后向抽运方式的受激布里渊增益最小;对流系数或光纤长度的减少会降低受激布里渊增益。计算了总抽运功率为1kW,三段抽运方式下的受激布里渊增益,其结果远远大于增益阈值。因此,设计单频大功率光纤放大器宜采用后向抽运方式,尽量减小光纤外表面空气的对流速度以增加温度差,同时应该尽量缩短光纤长度。     

Suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering in high-power single-frequency multicore fiber amplifiers

To describe the interplay between the first-order Stokes, pump, and signal in the multicore fiber amplifier, a set of differential equations is presented. The model takes into account the dependence of the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) on the pump-induced temperature distribution along the fiber. The influence of pump schemes, pump powers, convective coefficient, density of the rare earth dopant (N) and fiber length on suppression of the SBS is studied. The backward pump scheme has advantage over forward pump scheme in suppression of SBS. For the SBS gain spectrum, reducing convective coefficient can decrease the maximum SBS gain and increase the frequency detuning corresponding to the maximum SBS gain. Increasing N can lead to higher slope efficiency and shorter optimal fiber length, which can further suppress SBS. The SBS gain (G) and maximum operating temperature are compared between the single core fiber amplifier and multicore fiber amplifier with the same optimal fiber length. Compared to the single core fiber amplifier, the multicore fiber amplifier has lower maximum operating temperatures, which provide more space for further increasing output power.