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多角度动态光散射(MDLS)技术具有响应速度快、非接触式测量等优势,相较于单一散射角度测量技术,MDLS能获取更多的反映颗粒特征的散射光信息,可提供更准确的颗粒粒度分布(PSD),而合适的颗粒粒度反演算法能进一步提高MDLS方法的测量准确性。在Phillips-Twomey(PT)算法基础上,提出采用MR-L曲线法确定正则化参数,递归算法求取权重系数并添加非负约束的递归非负Phillips-Twomey(RNNPT)算法,通过准确确定权重系数改善MDLS颗粒粒度分布反演算法的准确性。采用RNNPT算法,在光强相关函数测量噪声为0.01%~1%,对两种单峰模拟分布以及一种双峰模拟分布颗粒体系进行了粒度反演,可知在噪声水平低于0.1%的情况下反演结果均较为理想。将RNNPT算法与递归Phillips-Twomey(RPT)算法和现有的递归Tikhonov(RT)算法进行比较,计算结果表明,RNNPT算法获得的权重系数比误差最小,反演获得的粒度分布与理论值最为接近。 相似文献
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空气中自导光丝超连续辐射后向散射增强特性 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
由自导成丝效应产生的超连续辐射具有超宽带光谱、后向散射增强等一系列新特征,为激光雷达大气探测开辟了新的领域.通过测量飞秒激光脉冲自导光丝超连续辐射散射的角度分布,对不同条件空气中自导光丝产生的超连续辐射后向散射特性进行了实验研究.结果表明,在洁净空气和含气溶胶的空气中,自导光丝的超连续辐射都呈现出明显的后向散射增强特性.同时对超连续辐射后向散射的测量值进行拟合,拟合结果表明超连续辐射后向散射角分布满足洛伦兹(Lorentz)函数,在洁净空气中其角宽度为6.4°,后向180°时归一化散射强度是瑞利散射的3.2倍.超连续辐射沿光丝前向呈锥形辐射,其前向散射具有明显的波长依赖关系;而后向散射无明显的波长依赖关系. 相似文献
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光散射粒度测量中Mie理论的高精度算法 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文在以往计算Mie散射计算的基础上提出一种新的算法。本算法区别于传统的递推算法,精度高、计算范围广。文中推导了该算法的公式,分析了递推公式的不稳定性和应用上的局限性,并指出了本算法的优势。最后给出了部分计算结果并与已发布数据进行了比较。本算法适用的颗粒当量直径为1e5 ̄1e+5,折射率虚部0 ̄1e+5。 相似文献
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针对现有体散射测量系统中激光器与探测器相互遮挡导致探测角度减小的问题,设计了一款新型的水中颗粒物的体散射函数测量系统。首先,通过双潜望式光路结构,将激光发生平面与散射探测平面分离,减小了激光器对探测角度的遮挡;同时,通过潜望式出射棱镜将透射光导出水体,避免了容器的杯壁散射,提高背散射测量的准确性。根据实际工艺,改进出射棱镜,设计系统样机,实现了3°~178°大角度范围体散射函数的测量。结合系统结构与水下光传输原理,根据数据矫正算法,矫正由于测量光程及水体衰减造成的偏差。对比矫正后结果与米散射仿真结果,证明方法的可靠性。 相似文献
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娄本浊 《激光与光电子学进展》2014,51(6):62901-192
利用微乳化技术与复合团聚法制备了单层、双层及多层包覆的纳米茄红素胶囊,并以动态光散射法先后测量分析了包覆材质对这些纳米胶囊的粒径大小及其分布的影响。研究结果表明,以碱处理动物胶单层包覆的纳米茄红素胶囊,其在pH为6.5的磷酸盐缓冲液中会出现比较严重的聚集现象;以碱处理动物胶与k-红藻胶双层包覆的纳米茄红素胶囊,其在pH为5.5的磷酸盐缓冲液中也会出聚集现象,但比单层包覆时要小很多;而多层包覆的纳米茄红素胶囊可在pH为5.5的磷酸盐缓冲液中具有良好的分散性,且没有出现聚集现象。 相似文献
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Laser Doppler perfusion imaging by dynamic light scattering 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Wardell K. Jakobsson A. Nilsson G.E. 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》1993,40(4):309-316
A laser Doppler perfusion imaging technique based on dynamic light scattering in tissue is reported. When a laser beam sequentially scans the tissue (maximal area approximately 12 cm×12 cm), moving blood cells generate Doppler components in the backscattered light. A fraction of this light is detected by a remote photodiode and converted into an electrical signal. In the signal processor, a signal proportional to the tissue perfusion at each measurement point is calculated and stored. When the scanning procedure is completed, the system generates a color-coded perfusion image on a monitor. A perfusion image is typically built up of data from 4096 measurement sites, recorded during a time period of 4 min. This image has a spatial resolution of about 2 mm. A theory for the system inherent amplification factor dependence on the distance between individual measurement points and detector is proposed and correction measures are presented. Performance results for the laser Doppler perfusion imager obtained with a flow simulator are presented. The advantages of the method are discussed 相似文献
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针对微粒分析仪、流式细胞仪和尿沉渣检测仪等仪器流式系统流场中的形体微粒形态取向变化对检测结果产生影响的问题,本文建立了形体微粒的柱形模型,通过对柱形模型微粒在流场的动力学特征的系统分析,研究了流场速度梯度、微粒大小、微粒长度、初始空间分布等各参量与微粒形态取向以及取向施豫时间之间的动态响应,应用数值分析技术得到了相应的关系,基于统计理论建立了概率统计分布模型,通过数值计算得到了微粒形态取向的时域统计分布函数,为微粒分析仪、流式细胞仪和尿沉渣检测仪等仪器测量精度的提高和流式系统(采样气路或采样液路)设计的优化提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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针对颜色衰减先验图像去雾算法存在对较浓的有雾图像去雾效果不佳的问题,提出基于动态大气散射系数的颜色衰减先验图像去雾算法.用动态大气散射系数取代颜色衰减先验去雾算法中恒定大气散射系数的假设,定义大气散射系数为关于图像景深的指数函数.利用Middlebury stereo datasets中无雾图像和相应的景深图像得到合成有雾图像.采用均方误差(MSE)和结构相似度(SSIM)的综合评价参数MSE-SSIM确定上述指数函数的两个参数的最佳取值.实验结果表明与颜色衰减先验算法、He、Meng算法相比,该算法的去雾图像清晰颜色自然,有效地提高了去雾效果. 相似文献
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Simulation of dynamic light scattering signal for ultrafine particles based on the exponential model
According to the autocorrelation function (ACF) of dynamic light scattering (DLS) signals, the exponential model used for
scattering signal simulation can be established. Based on this model, nine kinds of DLS signals for unimodal, bimodal and
trimodal distribution particles are simulated respectively. The ACF of the simulated signal agrees with its theoretical value
very well. Inverted size errors of simulative signals for unimodal distribution particles by Cumulants method and those for
bimodal and trimodal distribution particles by nonnegative constraint least squares (NNLS) are less than 0.13%, 2.11% and
3.01%, respectively. Comparing the exponential model with autoregressive (AR) model, the calculation time of the former is
less than one tenth of the latter. Hence, the exponential model is more effective in the simulation of DLS signals. 相似文献
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A precise and noninvasive method for the size and shape measurement of gold nanorods(GNRs) has been proposed based on depolarized dynamic light scattering(DDLS). A home-made DDLS apparatus has been established. By applying depolarized optical path with precise alignment method, the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of this apparatus is highly improved. GNRs with three different diameter and length has been precisely measured by using DDLS method as well as scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The thickness of adsorption layer of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) in solution has been taken into consideration. Results show that size measurement of GNRs by using DDLS method agrees very well with that by using SEM. In addition, it is shown that the extinction spectroscopy strongly limited the application of DDLS method by affecting the effective scattering light intensity. Proper laser wavelength should be chosen before the application of this method. 相似文献
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依据角速度陀螺仪零输入静态实验数据和输出特性曲线,采用一次函数、二次函数和最小二乘法对静态数据进行拟合。通过对三种数据拟合方法进行分析对比,选用最优的最小二乘法构建陀螺仪随机误差模型。该模型能够使角速度陀螺仪校正后的输出值更为准确。 相似文献