薄带连铸304不锈钢凝固过程中生成的氧化物夹杂

 采用透射电镜(TEM)对双辊薄带连铸AISI304不锈钢凝固过程中生成的非金属夹杂物进行了研究,发现在薄带的晶界存在许多球型的微细氧化物夹杂,其成分主要是MnO Al2O3 SiO2类复合夹杂物,直径均小于1 μm,并采用数学模型对薄带连铸304不锈钢凝固过程中析出的氧化物夹杂的大小进行了计算,预测值与实验中观察到的结果吻合较好。与传统连铸相比,双辊薄带连铸AISI304不锈钢凝固过程中生成的非金属夹杂物数量增多,尺寸明显减小。     

304不锈钢板坯连铸过程中坯壳生长规律研究

采用商业有限元软件的传热模型,对304不锈钢板坯连铸过程中坯壳生长进行了数值模拟,计算了304不锈钢板坯在连铸过程中坯壳生长变化规律.     

薄带连铸304不锈钢碳化物析出及溶解过程的原位观察

 采用激光共焦扫描显微镜原位观察薄带连铸304不锈钢高温下碳化物的析出及溶解过程。结果表明,薄带连铸304不锈钢在600 ℃开始析出碳化物,首先从晶内析出,而后从晶界析出,碳化物析出量随温度升高逐渐增加,到900 ℃时,析出量最大;1 006 ℃时,碳化物开始溶解,1 049 ℃时,大部分碳化物迅速溶解,1 155 ℃时,碳化物完全分解溶入基体,其溶解过程为δ→M23C6+δ′→γ。碳化物析出与薄带连铸铸带凝固组织及后续冷却过程有关。     

双辊薄带连铸304不锈钢中非金属夹杂物研究

采用扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对双辊薄带连铸304不锈钢中的大型夹杂物和微细夹杂物进行了研究。结果表明,薄带中的夹杂物一般呈球形,主要为CaO-MnO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂组成的复杂氧化物和硫化锰;薄带中除了有少量的50μm大型氧化物夹杂外,其余均为≤10μm细小的氧化物和硫化物夹杂;与传统连铸相比,双辊薄带连铸304不锈钢薄带中的细小氧化物夹杂尺寸明显减小,数量相对增多;在钢液凝固过程中形成最后聚集在晶界夹杂的直径大多小于0.7μm。     

钢种差异性对板坯连铸自由线收缩的影响规律研究

建立了连铸板坯凝固传热与自由线收缩计算模型.揭示了板坯连铸凝固与冷却过程线收缩的一般规律.针对304不锈钢和Q235B板坯连铸,结合实际生产冷却条件的计算分析表明:连铸过程板坯厚度的自由线收缩在二冷初期较为平缓,二冷后期铸坯凝固末端附近为快速线收缩阶段;相同目标表面温度下,304不锈钢板坯在铸机各位置处的厚度方向自由线收缩量均小于Q235B,且随距弯月面距离的增加,两者的差距先逐渐增加后趋于稳定.     

薄带连铸AISI304不锈钢中铁素体行为

为了确定薄带连铸AISI304不锈钢凝固过程中残留铁素体的生成及转变行为,采用彩色金相、电解侵蚀、电子背散射衍射分析技术及X射线衍射分析等研究手段对双辊薄带连铸AISI304不锈钢凝固组织及残留铁素体特征进行了研究.结果表明AISI304不锈钢薄带的凝固组织由表层胞状晶区、中间柱状晶区和中心等轴晶区三部分组成.薄带表层胞状晶区内残留铁素体呈棒状,柱状晶区的残留铁素体形态为鱼骨状,中心等轴晶区的残留铁素体呈弯曲的树枝状;薄带的表层胞状晶区残留铁素体的质量分数为4.6%～6.6%,柱状晶区内的残留铁素体质量分数为3.6%～3.7%,中心等轴晶区内的残留铁素体质量分数为11.27%～11.34%;残留铁素体沿着厚度方向呈现"W"状分布.      

薄带连铸与常规生产流程条件下 Cr17铁素体不锈钢的织构及成形性能

研究了薄带连铸条件下Cr17铁素体不锈钢薄带坯的初始组织及织构,并重点对常规连铸坯和等轴晶薄带坯在轧制及退火过程中的织构演变进行了对比研究.研究结果表明:在薄带连铸条件下,通过调整熔池内钢水的过热度可以实现对薄带坯初始组织、织构的有效控制.在较低的过热度(20～40℃)条件下,可以获得具有全等轴晶组织和随机织构的薄带坯...     

描述稳定面心立方金属真应力与真应变关系的数学模型

从拉伸应变硬化指数n的物理意义出发,提出一种建立真应力与真应变关系数学模型的方法,即通过寻求应变硬化指数与真应变的函数关系,求解微分方程得到真应力与真应变的关系。结合对一种面心立方合金拉伸应变硬化规律的研究,建立了一个新的真应力与真应变关系的数学模型。对另一部分金属材料的研究表明,该模型适用于描述在变形过程中不发生相变的稳定面心立方金属材料的拉伸真应力与真应变的关系。     

高温拉伸试验中真应力真应变的计算及试验研究

提出圆台式颈缩计算模型以便模拟高温拉伸试验中的颈缩现象，可仅依据拉伸的载荷、伸长量计算出拉伸颈缩过程中的真应变与真应力。并通过Ｇｌｅ－ｂｌｅ—１５００高温拉伸试验，测出拉伸过程中的真应力、真应变，并与计算结果比较。结果表明，在应变不大于０．３时，上述颈缩模型能较好地反映出拉伸颈缩过程，计算出的真应力、真应变与实测值基本吻合。     

双辊铸轧704不锈钢薄带的冷轧实验

对双辊铸轧704不锈钢薄带进行了冷轧处理,分析了冷轧前后薄带的表面质量及显微组织.结果表明:在冷轧过程中,因动态再结晶和动态回复,使薄带的晶粒进一步得到细化.变形量过大时,冷轧薄带内部出现微观晶界裂纹,并随着变形量的增加最终发展成宏观裂纹.笔者还应用金属学、结晶热力学对晶界裂纹的产生机理进行了分析,认为当冷轧变形量达到一定程度后必须对薄带进行固溶处理,以避免裂纹出现.另外,结合冷轧过程中薄带板形的变化,对704不锈钢铸轧薄带给出了合理的冷轧变形量.     

Advances in the Optimization of Thin Strip Cast Austenitic 304 Stainless Steel

This study is about the latest advances in the optimization of the microstructure and properties of thin strip cast austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304, 1.4301). Concerning the processing steps the relevance of different thin strip casting parameters, in‐line forming operations, and heat treatments for optimizing microstructure and properties have been studied. The microstructures obtained from the different processing strategies were analysed with respect to phase and grain structures including the grain boundary character distributions via EBSD microtexture measurements, the evolution of deformation‐induced martensite, the relationship between delta ferrite and martensite formation in austenite, and the texture evolution during in‐line deformation. It is observed that different process parameters lead to markedly different microstructures and profound differences in strip homogeneity. It is demonstrated that the properties of strip cast and in‐line hot rolled austenitic stainless steels are competitive to those obtained by conventional continuous casting and hot rolling. This means that the thin strip casting technique is not only competitive to conventional routes with respect to the properties of the material but also represents the most environmentally friendly, flexible, energy‐saving, and modern industrial technique to produce stainless steel strips.     

304不锈钢变形抗力试验

 利用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机对304L不锈钢的金属塑性变形抗力进行了试验研究。首先通过单道次压缩实验研究了变形温度、变形速率和变形程度对变形抗力的影响,合理选择变形抗力数学模型并给出待定系数,然后研究了试验的重复性和试样长度对试验结果的影响,最后通过双道次压缩实验研究了道次间的残余应变对变形抗力的影响并建立了在考虑残余应变影响条件下的变形抗力数学模型。该模型可为计算304L不锈钢的轧制力提供理论依据。     

Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of AISI 304N Stainless Steel

Dynamic recrystallization of 304N stainless steel was investigated at deformation temperatures of 900–1300 °C and strain rates of 0.01–10 s^?1 by a Gleeble-1500 thermo-mechanical simulator. And the microstructure evolutions of specimens with different deformation temperatures were observed by using a transmission electron microscope. Results indicated that compared with conventional AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel, 304N stainless steel has higher deformation resistance force and deformation activation energy under similar conditions. In addition, the flow stress constitutive equation of 304 N stainless steel was obtained by regression analysis of experimental stress-strain data, and the calculated values proposed by the mathematical model agree well with the experimental results.     

包覆浇铸高硼不锈钢复合板的变形协调性

包覆浇铸后的复合铸坯虽然已具有冶金结合,但热轧过程中,道次变形量若确定不合理将在界面处产生附加应力,附加应力值的大小将影响热轧后复合板的界面结合情况。应用ABAQUS有限元软件对包覆浇铸304不锈钢/高硼不锈钢/304不锈钢复合铸坯的热轧过程进行了有限元模拟,有限元模拟结果显示,当道次变形量大于17%时,覆层及芯层变形协调性变差,复合板界面将遭到破坏。实际热轧试验验证了有限元模拟结果的正确性,为包覆浇铸复合铸坯的热轧提供了有利的工艺参数。     

Prediction of deformation resistance during hot rolling process based on generalized additive model

A deformation resistance model with generalized additive form for hot rolled strip was established based on the measured data of hot strip rolling process. Firstly, a deformation resistance modeling method for hot rolled strip was proposed under the framework of generalized additive models, including pre- analysis of variables, model setting, model estimation and result analysis; the back- fitting algorithm for the estimation of the univariate function of each independent variable was given. Then, the modeling experiment was carried out for Baosteel 1880 finishing mill, the generalized additive model for deformation resistance was established based on large number of strip sample data which covering many kinds of steel grades, the influence of strain temperature, strain and strain rate on deformation resistance was obtained. Practical calculation results show that the accuracy of new model is higher than that of the Baosteel online model. The new model has the advantages of high calculation precision and applicable to wide range of steel grades, and can be used in online process control of hot continuous rolling production.     

日本川崎钢铁公司的不锈钢技术特点

文中介绍川崎公司开发的VOD夹杂物控制技术,不锈钢高速连铸技术、不锈钢热带钢轧机的轧制技术和冷轧钢析的表面检测技术。     

基于BP神经网络不锈钢锻造再结晶的晶粒尺寸模型

金属的热变形是一个非常复杂的非线性过程,热变形过程中的晶粒尺寸变化直接决定着变形后金属的组织和性能。利用BP神经网络处理了304不锈钢的热变形非线性系统,从试验数据中自动总结出规律。采用人工神经网络技术对304奥氏体不锈钢锻造工艺参数（变形温度和变形速率）,再结晶（包括静态再结晶、动态再结晶）和晶粒长大进行建模,分析了静态、动态再结晶晶粒尺寸,并对模型的预测性能进行了研究。     

Development of laboratory scale thin strip caster and investigation of direct casting of AISI 304 stainless steel

Abstract

An unequal diameter (1 : 3), two roll thin strip casting machine has been designed and fabricated for investigation of the direct casting of thin strip on a laboratory scale. The system consists of a preheatable shallow tundish with online heating facility, water cooled rotating rolls (chill and auxiliary) for solidification of the liquid metal, and a stripper assembly. The machine has a variable speed. Roll gap setting and roll pressure adjustment are two important features of the machine. It is also possible to vary the placement angle of the auxiliary roll with respect to the chill roll. A heat transfer model was developed, based on experimental casting results. Experiments were conducted using AISI 304 grade stainless steel. Up to 100 kg of steel was cast without interruption into strips of widths 100 and 200 mm and thickness varying between 1 and 2 mm. Some of the process parameters affecting the quality of the strip were identified.