Measurement of One Proton Transfer Reaction ~(208)Pb(~7Li,~6He)~(209)Bi in Deep Sub-barrier Region

<正>Due to the limit of the intensity and quality of the radioactive ion beam(RIB),it is a difficult task to extract the optical model potentials(OMPs)of halo nuclear systems directly from the elastic scattering measurement.In view of this fact,the transfer reaction was tried to be used as an alternative method to extract and stud-     

Search for the Halo Effect in the ~1H(~6He,~6Li)n Reaction

The experiment is carried out using the secondary beam facility of the HI-13 tandem accelerator at China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing. The experimental setup is similar to the previously illustrated. A 7Li beam with energy of 44 MeV from the tandem impinged on a D2 gas cell at pressure of 1.5×105 Pa, in which 6He ions are produced via 2H(7Li, 6He)3He reaction. The front and rear     

Differential Cross Section Measurement for ~6Li(n,t)~4He Reaction at 3.67 and 4.42 MeV

Using a gridded ionization chamber, the differential cross sections for ~6Li(n,t)~4He reaction were measured at 3.67 and 4.42 MeV. The neutrons were produced with D(d,n)~3He reaction. Absolute neutron flux was determined through ~(238)U(n,f) and H(n,p) reaction. The result at 3.67 MeV is almost 90 degree symmetry but it is obviously forward peaked at 4.42 MeV in the center of mass system.     

闪烁法测量伴随~3He粒子的中子飞行时间谱仪

在D(d,n)~3He反应中,目前常采用Si(Au)面垒型半导体探测器测量伴随粒子。半导体探测器的能量分辨率高,是这种方法的优点,但由于~3He粒子能量低,电荷灵敏前置放大器所给出的~3He信号幅度小,容易受到噪声以及干扰信号的影响,因而谱仪的时间分辨性能不容易做得很好。比如Ohio大学的中子飞行时间谱仪,出射~3He粒子的能量为650     

用屏栅电离室测量~6Li(n,t)~4He反应微分截面

用屏栅电离室对 3.6 7MeV与 4 .4 2MeV中子6Li(n ,t) 4He反应微分截面进行了测量。利用氘气体靶通过D(d ,n) 3 He反应产生中子 ,用BF3 和液闪探测器 (NE2 13)进行相对中子通量监测 ,绝对中子通量用2 3 8U(n ,f)与H(n ,p)反应来刻度。测量结果表明 ,氚的质心系微分截面在中子能量为 3.6 7MeV时很接近 90°对称 ,而到 4 .4 2MeV时则明显前倾     

Development of ~3He Neutron Detector Array for Measurement of (n,2n) Reaction Cross Section

<正>In the(n,2n)reaction cross section measurement,activation method is usually used.The advantage of this method is simple.When the product nucleus satisfies certain conditions,high accuracy measurement can be achieved.But when the activity of product nucleus cannot be accurately measured,the activation method is not applicable.In order to make up for the deficiency     

金属氚化物中3He的热解吸方法

在自行设计的全金属高真空热解吸系统上,以ELITE SPE-50型四极质谱计(QMS)为分析器,建立了金属氚化物中3He的热解吸和数据处理方法.解吸过程中,金属系统处于真空密闭状态,薄膜压力计直接测量解吸出的气体压力,质谱计则通过微量渗漏阀在线取样测量,所采集的数据均为积分形式.研究结果表明四极质谱计标定解吸系统内4He的分压＜350 Pa时,其相关系数R＞0.99,且记忆效应的贡献极弱;离子态氚T+对m/e=3组分分压的贡献可按IT+≈0.01 IT2+确定,不干扰3He的测定;将气体解吸所得的积分数据经平滑并微分处理后可准确得到气体释放速率与退火温度的关系,即热解吸谱.     

~3He正比计数器探测效率模拟及灵敏度刻度

利用Monte Carlo程序研究了3He正比计数器慢化体厚度与探测效率的关系,单能中子及Hess谱中子模拟给出5 cm的聚乙烯慢化体优化厚度。利用天然中子本底对探测器装置进行测试,并对探测器灵敏度进行了刻度。     

Ep〈3 GeV能区质子反应同质异能态截面比的系统学

提出了Ep＜3GeV能区质子反应同质异能态截面比的半经验公式.该公式仅含有1个系统学参数,适应于产物核质量数44≤A≤197、同质异能态自旋0.5≤Jm≤9.5和基态自旋0.5≤Jg≤7的质子反应.该半经验公式很好地再现了已有实验数据,能较好地预言无实验数据的同质异能态截面比或同质异能态截面.     

预平衡反应量子多步理论研究

基于Feshbach Kerman Koonin量子多步理论 ,对预平衡反应多步复合公式改进和完善后 ,将其与完全平衡复合核反应截面公式给出一个统一表示。这一公式能和光学模型及Hauser Feshbach理论联系 ,给出了自洽和一致的表述。在多步直接反应理论方面 ,μ步截面能表示为 μ个一步截面的卷积 ,而连续区的一步直接反应截面又可表示为平均DWBA矩阵元和态密度的乘积。为计算一步和多步直接反应截面 ,尝试采用了态密度方法和全微观方法两种方法 ,并得到一些有意义的结论。利用上述工作对一些典型的核反应进行了初步的分析 ,计算结果合理 ,与实验数据相符合。     

Determination of the Astrophysical S（E） Factors or Rates for Radiative Capture Reaction with One Nucleon Transfer Reaction

The radiative capture reaction plays an important role in nuclear astrophysics. We have indirectly measured the astrophysical S(E) factors for some proton capture reactions and reaction rates for several neutron capture reactions with one nucleon transfer reactions at HI-13 tandem accelerator in recent years. Some of them are compiled into IAEA EXFOR database and JINA REACLIB project, and used in the network calculations of Big Bang nucleosynthesis and type-I X-ray bursts.     

Reaction between Uranium Mononitride and Graphite Powders

The carbothermic reaction of UN with graphite in the form of loose powder mixture has been studied in vacuo with the aid of a high-temperature thermobalance in the temperature range of 1,270~1,675°C. The gravimetric measurements were conducted continuously to determine the effect of varying reaction temperature and differences in sample particle size.

The kinetics of the reaction was found to follow the diffusion—controlled kinetic equation for mixed powder, and activation energies of 76.1, 55.1 and 72.7kcal/mol were obtained for samples of (1)—400 mesh UN and—400 mesh natural graphite mixture, (2)—150 +270 mesh UN and—150 +270 mesh natural graphite mixture, and (3)—150 +270 mesh UN and—150 +270 mesh artificial graphite mixture, respectively. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the reaction products of the coarse sample to be composed of two different kinds of UC_xN_1-x solid solutions, one having a x value of 0~0.2, and the other 0.8~0.9. From the above observations, the diffusion of C and/or N atoms through the outer carbon rich UC_xN_1-x layer may be considered to be the rate determining step.     

Acoustic Detection for Small-Leak Sodium-Water Reaction

Characteristics of acoustic signal produced by sodium-water reaction due to steam injection and by Ar gas injection into sodium were experimentally investigated. Acoustic signal was measured by using Kistler 808A and 815A5 accelerometers. Root mean square (RMS) measurements and frequency analysis of the signal were conducted.

The RMS measurements could detect a small water leakage into sodium, as small as 0.07 g/sec, in the present loop. The peaks in a frequency spectrum were caused by the natural vibration of a rod on which the acoustic transducer was mounted.

The RMS was approximately proportional to the one-third power of the steam leak rate and increased to some extent with the ambient sodium temperature. RMS values, both for sodium-water reaction and Ar gas injection, were about the same order of magnitude, when the data were plotted against the volumetric flow rates of steam and Ar gas.     

Radical Reaction Mechanisms in Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation of UF6 with Scavenger Gases

Abstract

The radical reaction mechanisms in the presence of F-atom scavenger gases were investigated in the p-H₂ Raman laser-induced infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) of gaseous ²³⁶UF₆/²³⁸UF₆ cooled to —35°C in a static gas cell. When CH₄ was added as a scavenger of F-atoms produced via IRMPD of UFC, the dissociation rate of UF6 became several tens of times larger than when no scavenger gas was added. Gas-chromatographic analysis revealed that as low as 7% of the nascent CH₃ radicals were involved in the radical reaction with UF₆. On the other hand, H₂ and C₂H₆ were found to increase both the dissociation rate of UF₆ and the contribution of this non-selective reaction. These results agreed with those obtained in the UV photolysis of UF₆ with scavengers.     

西安脉冲堆3He快中子夹心谱仪的方案设计

本文介绍了3He快中子夹心谱仪的气体填充、探测器、三通道数字符合和数据分析处理系统,描述了探测器系统的理论分析及实验标定方法,提出了谱仪符合本底计数的来源,绐出了扣除几种符合本底的理论和实验方法,研究结果表明本工作可指导3He快中子夹心谱仪的深入研究.     

用于快中子引起带电粒子核反应研究的屏栅电离室及双参数测量系统

本文主要介绍和描写了用于快中子引起的发射带电粒子核反应研究的具有共阴极的两个背靠背的双重屏栅电离室。用双参数数据获取系统可同时得到阳极和阴极的关联信号。由此可以研究由贴在阴极上的靶物质发射的带电粒子的能量和角分布，实验上用Ｐｕα放射源来检验屏栅电离室的基本性能，由双参数数据获取系统得到其双维谱，经数据处理之后，其角分布基本上呈现各向同性分布，对Ｐｕα放射源的能量（Ｅ＝５．４９９ＭｅＶ），其能量分辨串为～２％，此电离室已用于（４０）￣Ｃａ（ｎ，α）和￣（６４）Ｚｎ（ｎ，α）等核反应研究工作。     

Evaluation of D（d,n）^3 He reaction neutron source models for BNCT irradiation system design

A mathematical method was developed to calculatc the yield.energy spectrum and angular distribution of neutrons from D(d,n)3 He(D-D)reaction in a thick deuterium-titanium target for incident deuterons in energies lower than 1.0MeV.The data of energy spectrum and angular distribution wefe applied to set up the neutron source model for the beam-shaping-assembly(BSA)design of Boron-Neutron-Capture-Therapy(BNCT)using MCNP-4C code.Three cases of D-D neutron source corresponding to incident deuteron energy of 1000.400 and 150 kaV were investigated.The neutron beam characteristics were compared with the model of a 2.45 MeV mono-energetic and isotropic neutron source using an example BSA designed for BNCT irradiation.The results show significant differences in the neutron beam characteristics,particularly the fast neutron component and fast neutron dose in air,between the non-isotropic neutron source model and the 2.5 MeV mono-energetic and isotropic neutron source model.     

New Uni-Resonance Approximation Technique for Reaction Rate of Higher Resonances in Activation Detectors

As a high efficiency solid sample analysis technique based on resonance ionization spectroscopy (RIS). Resonant Laser Ablation (RLA) is available. RLA combines Laser Ablation (LA) and RIS simultaneously with a single laser device. We have proposed the new dosimetry technique for a solid sample based on RLA.

We have attempted the detection of ²⁶Al (T _1/2: 7.2×10⁵yr) produced in the high purity Al irradiated by 14MeV neutrons at Fusion Neutronics Source (FNS). Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute. Some interference effects are observed in the trace element detection experiments. These interference effects interrupt the detection of ²⁶Al. In conclusion. it is difficult that ²⁶Al is recognized clearly. We have mainly discussed the origins and elimination methods of these interference effects to detect the trace elements produced by nuclear reactions.