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《中国材料进展》2017,(10)
钠离子电池由于具有钠资源丰富、价格低廉等特点,逐渐成为大规模储能领域的研究热点。而负极材料作为钠离子电池的重要组成部分,对电池性能有着直接的影响。在目前所研究的负极材料中,合金类负极材料由于具有较高的理论比容量而受到了人们的广泛关注。但是在反应过程中,合金类材料面临着严重的体积膨胀问题,循环稳定性差,这制约了其发展。研究者通过包覆、纳米化、与其他金属复合等方法大大改善了合金类材料的循环性能。简介了合金类储钠负极材料Sn、Sb、P、Ge、Bi、Pb和Si的反应机理及研究进展,探讨了合金类负极材料所面临的问题和解决办法,并对合金类负极材料的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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用直流电弧等离子法蒸发Co-B非晶合金,以Co-B非晶合金靶材,制备了BN包裹Co和少量CoB合金的纳米颗粒,用高分辨电镜、X-Ray衍射及选区电子衍射和光致发光光谱及红外光谱对其进行了表征.结果表明,所制备的纳米颗粒是一种具有核壳结构的纳米胶囊,尺寸为10-100 nm,核由Co和少量CoB合金组成,壳是厚度为3~5 am的BN;Co/CoB作为催化剂在蒸发时促使B与N反应,生成BN包覆在其表面形成纳米胶囊.壳核结构能防止纳米Co颗粒的氧化和团聚.这种纳米胶囊的饱和磁化强度为63.16 Am2/kg,矫顽力为23.16 kA/m.其矫顽力比相应的块体材料提高的主要原因,是颗粒尺寸变小和多畴粒子畴壁的钉扎作用. 相似文献
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在传统热电池负极材料Li-B合金中,加入Mg元素能够提高极片的抗氧化性、抑制自放电,并能够有效提升热电池的放电稳定性。在锂二次电池负极材料Li-B合金中掺杂Mg元素,制备获得Li-B-Mg合金,通过Li-Mg固溶体强化LiB化合物骨架结构,缓解坍塌问题。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、电化学充放电测试和交流阻抗谱对两种合金的物相、形貌、电化学性能进行了表征。结果表明,Mg元素对Li-B合金的放电性能有所提升,并能够一定程度支撑LiB纤维骨架结构,缓解坍塌问题。这对于Li-B合金作为锂二次电池负极的潜在材料有一定的奠基作用。 相似文献
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Co-B alloy with mesoporous structure was firstly synthesized using room-temperature ionic liquids as templates and investigated as an anode for secondary alkaline batteries. Investigations indicate that such mesoporous structure facilitated the electrochemical hydrogen storage. It maintained 94% of the initial capacity (336 mA h/g) after 50 cycles. The excellent cycling performance is most likely due to the stable structure during cycling. Meanwhile, it exhibited an excellent rate capability. The results demonstrated that the prepared Co-B-mesoporous is capable of serving as a high power capability anode for the rechargeable alkaline batteries. 相似文献
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新型铝合金阳极电化学性能与组织研究 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:16
研制了两种新型铝合金阳极材料;用恒电流方法和动电位方法测定了铝合金阳极在碱性氯化钠(25%KOH+3.5%NaCl)介质中的电化学性能;用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜观察了新型铝合金的微观组织和阳级溶解后的表面腐蚀状态。结果表明:固溶于铝基体的微量合金化元素Ga、In及其适量均匀分布的第二相,可以破坏铝氧化膜的致密结构,促使铝基体的正常溶解,减少铝阳极极化,使铝合金阳极的稳定电极电位变得更负;加入能改变铝基体中杂质的存在状态和降低杂质含量的合金化元素Mg等,可以改善铝阳极的腐蚀均匀性,降低自腐蚀速度,提高阳极利用率。 相似文献
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In this study electrochemical performance of Al and some of its alloys (Al-Zn, Al-rvlg and Al-rvln) anodes vs MnO2 cathode were carried out in alkaline solution. The results show that the Al-Zn alloy anode has the best cell capacity among the other alloys. Cell capacity values go in the order Al-Zn〉Al-Mg〉Al〉Al-Mn. This result is probably related to the nature of passive films formed on the surface of the alloys which examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM morphologies of Al and its alloys showed coarse grains of passive films formed on the surface of these anode materials while Al-Mn morphology shows a needle-like structure. Electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) produced by electrodepositing on platinum anode from liquor resulting from reduction of low grade pyrolusite ore (β-MnO2) by sulfur slag was characterized as cathode in alkaline Zn-MnO2 batteries. Ore produced sample (EMD1) was performed well in comparison with EMD standard (EMD2) (commercial battery grade electrolytic manganese dioxide, TOSOH-Hellas GH-S). SEM morphology of Zn anode after cell reaction was carried out and showed that Zn anode has fine grains of passive film on its surface. 相似文献
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In this study electrochemical performance of Al and some of its alloys (Al-Zn, Al-Mg and Al-Mn) anodes vs MnO2 cathode were carried out in alkaline solution. The results show that the Al-Zn alloy anode has the best cell capacity among the other alloys. Cell capacity values go in the order Al-Zn>Al-Mg>Al>Al-Mn. This result is probably related to the nature of passive films formed on the surface of the alloys which examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM morphologies of Al and its alloys showed coarse grains of passive films formed on the surface of these anode materials while Al-Mn morphology shows a needle-like structure.Electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) produced by electrodepositing on platinum anode from liquor resulting from reduction of low grade pyrolusite ore (β-MnO2) by sulfur slag was characterized as cathode in alkaline Zn-MnO2 batteries. Ore produced sample (EMD1) was performed well in comparison with EMD standard (EMD2) (commercial battery grade electrolytic manganese dioxide, TOSOH-Hellas GH-S). SEM morphology of Zn anode after cell reaction was carried out and showed that Zn anode has fine grains of passive film on its surface. 相似文献
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报告了在复合型纳米硫正极材料、纳米储锂合金负极材料和用原位合成工艺掺入纳米二氧化硅的凝
胶型聚合物电解质的研制方面所取得的进展;所研制的复合型纳米硫正极材料与凝胶电解质及锂金属负极配合
制成扣式实验电池进行测试,容量已达到700mAh桙g,发现该材料放电电压是现有锂钴氧材料放电电压的一半,
双电池串联可以与现有锂钴氧材料电池互换;采用微乳液新工艺合成的Cu-Sn纳米合金材料,以石墨与金属锡
复合的材料,以及以金属氧化物作为原料,采用乳液法制备碳微球镶嵌金属锡的球形复合材料等高容量负极材
料取得了较大的进展 相似文献
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重点介绍了镁合金在车用材料、医用材料和牺牲阳极材料等领域的应用开发情况,并对国内镁及镁合金专利申请情况进行了分析。 相似文献