利用电厂循环冷却水的暖通空调方案比选

通过北京地区的工程实例,对4种暖通空调方案的初投资、运行费用、能源利用效率、污染排放量进行了分析比较。认为在具备利用电厂循环冷却水条件的场所,采用水源热泵为建筑供暖可以减少初投资、运行费用以及对城市的污染影响。     

某工业园区水蓄能式地源热泵工程案例经济分析

对某工业园的水蓄能式地源热泵系统进行分析,并与水冷机组+燃气锅炉系统在初投资、运行费用、环境效益方面进行对比.结果表明,水蓄能地源热泵系统在初投资方面比水冷机组+燃气锅炉系统多了700万元,但每年的运行费用上均减少31.91元/m2,多投资的费用约5.5年即可回收;在运行周期内,水蓄能式地源热泵空调方案节约标准煤为约2...     

某办公楼空调系统设计方案

与常规空调相比,冰蓄冷空调系统初投资大,但运行费用低于常规空调系统.本文针对某集团办公楼的空调工程,提出了两种设计方案,通过初投资与运行费用的分析比较,表明冰蓄冷空调系统适合该项目,经济效益明显.     

集中供热、燃气锅炉及电热供暖系统的经济分析

对采用集中供热，燃气锅炉及电热供暖系统分别进行了经济比较，其结果表明集中供热系统运行费用最低，电热供暖系统运行费用最高；电暖器供暖系统初投资最低，除集中供热地板供暖系统之外顶棚电热膜供暖系统初投资最高。     

地埋管地源热泵空调系统在广州地区应用经济性分析

以别墅空调为例,根据现有地埋管地源热泵的一些经验数据,分析了地埋管地源热泵、冷却塔冷却水、空气源热泵和地表水地源热泵四种集中制冷空调系统的初投资、年运行成本,比较了各系统的费用经济性指标。结果显示,冷却塔冷却水系统初投资最低,费用性指标最小,经济性最好;地埋管地源热泵的初投资最高,年运行总成本最低,费用性指标最大。地埋管地源热泵在广州地区不能充分发挥其节能特点,是不经济的方案。     

小型太阳能生活热水系统综合热价模拟分析

以一个住宅用户为研究对象,采用10～15年内全年逐时气象数据对太阳能生活热水系统进行模拟.根据模拟的结果,分析其初投资,寿命周期内的总能耗、总运行费用,综合热价等指标.然后将其与常规热水系统进行比较,对比其初投资、运行费用,综合热价等指标.     

低温地热井+热泵机组供暖的经济性分析

针对无市政供暖建筑,分析了采用何种供暖方式更加经济、可靠。探讨了2种低温地热井+热泵机组、燃气真空锅炉、电热真空锅炉、空气源热泵等采暖形式,结合工程实例和一些假定条件,从系统初投资、运行费用、寿命周期,以及初投资与运行费用之和等方面进行比较分析,并得出结论。     

夏热冬冷地区住宅建筑采暖系统的比较分析

本文针对我国夏热冬冷地区住宅建筑采暖系统设置的现状,分析计算采用各种采暖系统的系统初投资和运行费用,通过分析比较,得出结论:采用冷暖型分体空调系统初投资最小;采用单冷型户式VRV中央空调+燃气壁挂炉+辐射采暖地板的系统初投资最大;在当前的能源条件和设备性能条件下,采用冷暖型空气源热泵机组为采暖热源比采用燃气壁挂炉为热源的运行费用低。     

水源热泵空调系统在火电厂的应用

针对凝汽器冷却水余热的特点,某电厂空调系统采用水源热泵。详细介绍了该空调系统的供水方案和设备配置,并与常规的空调系统方案进行了初投资和运行费用的比较,结果表明,该水源热泵空调方案初投资降低,运行费用减少。测试结果表明空调系统能满足供冷供热的需求。     

冰蓄冷区域空调系统技术应用分析

针对上海市某商办综合集聚区,对比分析了区域空调方案和常规分散空调方案包括能源中心及外部管网在内的初投资以及年运行费用,得出冰蓄冷区域空调系统初投资比常规分散空调系统初投资增加44%,但电力装机容量降低33%,运行费用降低27%,得出在夏热冬冷地区商办综合集聚区内应用冰蓄冷区域空调系统具有显著社会效益,总结系统的设计与运行经验,为后期该技术的推广应用提供借鉴。     

Economic benefits of optimal control for water-cooled chiller systems serving hotels in a subtropical climate

A water-cooled chiller system in an air-conditioned hotel can take up about one-quarter of the total electricity consumption and considerable amounts of water in the heat rejection process. This paper evaluates operating cost savings of a chiller system integrated with optimal control of cooling towers and condenser water pumps. A sophisticated chiller system model was used to ascertain how different control methods influence the annual electricity and water consumption of chillers operating for the cooling load profile of a reference hotel. It is estimated that applying load-based speed control to the cooling tower fans and condenser water pumps could reduce the annual system electricity use by 8.6% and operating cost by 9.9% relative to the equivalent system using constant speed fans and pumps with a fixed set point of 29.4 °C for cooling water temperature control. The ways to implement this advanced control for system optimization are discussed.     

Effects of utilizing seawater as a cooling source system in a commercial complex

This paper treats energy and cost performance of a cooling source system with indirect seawater utilization for air conditioning in a commercial complex. Seawater utilization has merits as a cooling source, because seawater temperature is lower than outdoor air in summer and it is cost effective because there is no water monetary cost. Actual operating data has been measured for about 2 years and the chiller and system co-efficient of performance (COP) have indicated about 4.77 and 2.93, respectively, even in summer season and the mean efficiency of the thermal storage system was about 89.9% taking into account heat loss of pumps. In addition, we have constructed simulation models for cooling tower systems, air cooling chiller systems and direct seawater utilization systems then compared them to this system. The electric power consumption of the indirect seawater utilization system was almost the same as the other systems except the air cooling chiller system, because using lower seawater temperature made the chiller efficiency higher. In conclusion, our results showed the indirect seawater utilization system was able to improve the system COP compared to air cooling chiller system, and cancel water consumption compared with the cooling tower system, and cut down an initial and maintenance costs compared with the direct seawater utilization system.     

日照海韵广场超高层综合体空调系统设计

日照海韵广场智慧物贸综合体是集高端办公、五星级酒店为一体的综合建筑.介绍了该项目的 冷热源、风系统、水系统设计,以及需要特别注意的问题.酒店单独设置冷源,采用磁悬浮变频离心机组,热源采用市政热网;办公区冷源采用离心式冷水机组+螺杆式冷水机组,热源采用市政热源;顶层观光层采用多联机空调系统.酒店空调和办公空调水系统采用四...     

深圳某酒店集中空调系统改造

由于提高酒店的装修标准,修改了空调系统设计,酒店围护结构改为玻璃幕墙,塔楼单身公寓改为酒店式公寓,原作为商场的裙楼改为餐厅、会议室、娱乐场所。校核空调系统冷负荷后,增加了１台制冷机和１台冷却塔;对裙楼及地下室空调系统进行改造,公共走道、电梯井增设这调,设置空调自控系统,更换冷冻水管保温材料,等等。改造后空调系统满足要求。     

Direct chiller power limiting for peak demand limiting control in buildings—Methodology and on-site validation

Large electricity consumers are often charged of a high price for their peak demand for the purpose of reducing the capacity and cost, as well as the operation reliability of electricity transmission facilities. As a result, even one spike in the monthly demand profile would result in a significant increase in electricity bill. Peak demand limiting techniques provide an effective and efficient means to reduce such cost. For instance, the methods to utilize cooling/heating stored in building thermal mass by resetting space air temperature set-point have been proofed effective in many studies. This study proposes a direct chiller power limiting control strategy for peak demand limiting control in buildings, particularly during the period of chiller starting when the peak demand occurs mostly. Validation tests were conducted on-site in a super high rise building and on a dynamic simulation platform. Results showed the strategy was effective in reducing the peak demand during chiller starting periods.     

基于全年动态负荷分析的冷热源方案设计

以北京某酒店为例,对该建筑进行全年逐时动态负荷计算分析。根据计算分析结果,确定制冷季梯级利用离心式冷水机组、螺杆机组和空气源热泵机组作为空调系统冷源,供热季利用板式换热器和空气源热泵机组作为空调系统热源,以达到系统节能的目的。     

燃气空调的类型及经济性分析

介绍了燃气空调的优点及类型.对采用水冷螺杆式冷水机组＋燃油锅炉、燃气直燃式溴化锂吸收式冷热水机组、燃油直燃式溴化锂吸收式冷热水机组作为冷热源的能耗费用及费用年值进行了比较,燃气直燃式溴化锂吸收式冷热水机组表现出良好的经济性.     

冷水机组冷凝器水侧受阻故障模拟实验研究

采用理论分析和实验测试方法,对冷水机组冷凝器水侧受阻故障时空调系统冷水侧、制冷剂侧、冷却水侧的运行参数进行研究,确定对冷水机组冷凝器水侧受阻故障敏感的运行参数。冷却水出水温度、制冷剂冷凝温度、压缩机排气温度是对冷水机组冷凝器水侧受阻故障敏感的运行参数,可以作为检测识别该故障的主要依据。     

Strategy for designing more energy efficient chiller plants serving air-conditioned buildings

In cities located in the subtropical regions, air-cooled chillers are commonly used to cool commercial buildings almost year-round, which accounts for considerable electricity consumption in the long term. This paper explains how a chiller plant should be designed to enable the chillers to operate frequently with maximum performance. Four design options with respect to the number and size of chillers were studied for a chiller plant satisfying the year-round cooling demand of a hotel. For each design option, the annual electricity consumption of chillers and pumps was assessed using a sophisticated chiller model. The assessment showed that an electricity saving of 10.1% can be achieved by installing a chiller plant with six chillers of three different sizes instead of four equally sized chillers. The results of this paper will give engineers and researchers a better idea about how to select chillers of different sizes and how chiller part load performance curves can be used to evaluate improvements in the energy performance of a chiller plant with alternative designs.     

联合广场主塔楼空调系统简介

简介了深圳联合广主塔楼水冷冷水柜机空调系统，及其设备选用、设备造价和控制系统。该空调系统在空调实行分户计量、用水冷却和节能方面作出了成功尝试，同时也为今后大型写字楼空调方案的选择开辟了新的途径。