基于产酸能力和高活菌数的益生菌复合菌种发酵技术研究

为了提高益生菌发酵乳的活菌数及发酵过程中的产酸能力,本研究以干酪乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、嗜热链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌为试验菌种,通过单菌种发酵和复合菌种发酵试验,筛选出最佳的复合菌种组合.试验结果表明:在接种量为5％,接种比例为1∶1,发酵温度为37℃,葡萄糖的添加量为2.5％(质量分数),脱脂乳乳固体质量分数为12％的条件下,干酪乳杆菌和双歧杆菌复合发酵效果最佳,最大滴定酸度可达到328°T,最大活菌数达到2.3×1011 mL-1,与其他菌种组合相比,提高了一个对数级,且在贮藏过程中活菌数下降速度较慢.     

提高嗜酸乳杆菌在豆乳中发酵性能的研究

测定了嗜酸乳杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌发酵豆乳的单菌产酸曲线与混菌产酸曲线,并采用正交实验分析了它们对发酵豆乳的品质影响及与单菌发酵豆乳贮存期质量变化的比较。结果表明,嗜酸乳杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌是影响酸豆乳质量的主要因素,嗜热链球菌次之。按体积分数为2.2%嗜酸乳杆菌、体积分数为3.0%保加利亚乳杆菌、体积分数为1.8%嗜热链球菌配比共同发酵,可得到组织状态、口感风味较好的酸豆乳,克服了单一嗜酸乳杆菌发酵豆乳产酸慢、凝乳时间长、活菌数不高且贮存期活菌数下降快的缺陷。     

嗜酸乳杆菌应用高质量分数脱脂乳的发酵工艺优化

将筛选出的嗜酸乳杆菌接种于25%的高质量分数脱脂乳中发酵,在单因素pH值、温度以及接种量试验的基础上,采用响应面法优化发酵工艺,获得高浓度的嗜酸乳杆菌活菌。结果表明:高质量分数25%脱脂乳培养基对菌株的生长有一定促进作用,得到高活菌数嗜酸乳杆菌的最佳发酵工艺为发酵pH值为5.81、发酵温度37.30℃、接种量3.18%,活菌数可达2.78×109mL-1。     

发酵型酸豆乳工艺条件的研究

以大豆为主要原料,研究了嗜热链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌为混合发酵剂进行乳酸菌发酵酸豆乳的制备工艺.通过单因素和正交实验确定了最佳制备工艺:接种嗜热链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌的比例为1∶1∶2,接种量为4％,发酵温度为43℃,蔗糖的添加量为6％,发酵时间4h.在此条件下发酵的酸豆乳活菌数可达2.8×108 mL-1,具有淳厚的豆香味和清香的乳酸味,质地均匀,且酸甜可口.     

番茄汁对嗜酸乳杆菌发酵乳的影响

研究在牛乳中添加番茄汁对嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM生长、活菌数和发酵乳风味物质的影响。灭菌的鲜牛乳添加不同质量分数的番茄汁,接种嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM发酵,一组样品用p H值跟踪分析仪检测发酵过程酸奶p H值得变化,当发酵样品p H值到达4.50时,立即取出另一组样品置于4°C冷藏,检测发酵乳样品中嗜酸乳杆菌的活菌数,抗氧化活性和挥发性风味物质。结果表明:番茄汁可以刺激嗜酸乳杆菌的生长,在冷藏的过程中,所有添加番茄汁的发酵乳的嗜酸乳杆菌的活菌数显著高于牛乳,不仅如此,随着番茄汁质量分数的增加,番茄汁的活菌数越高。番茄汁添加的发酵乳成品的的抗氧化活性均大于纯牛乳样品,且具有更高浓度的风味物质。结论:番茄汁有助于嗜酸乳杆菌的生长同时保持其冷藏阶段的存活率,且能提高发酵乳的抗氧化能力,同时提高了发酵乳的风味物质。     

羊胎水解液乳酸菌发酵菌种的选择

通过研究嗜酸乳杆菌（Lactobacillus acidophilus）1.1854；乳酸乳球菌（Lactobacillus）11454；短乳杆菌（Lactobacillus brevis）1.12；干酪乳杆菌干酪亚种（Lactobacillus casei)1.62；嗜热链球菌（Lactobacillus Streptococcus thermophilus)1.1855；植物乳杆菌9Lactobacillus plantarum）6种菌种对羊胎水解液菌发酵活力、双菌发酵活力、活菌数及风味的影响，确定了乳酸菌发酵羊水解液的最适菌种组合为嗜酸乳杆菌（Lactobacillus acidophilus)1.1854与嗜热链球菌（Lactobacillus Streptococ-cus thermophilus)1.1855。     

嗜酸乳杆菌发酵大豆酸凝乳的研究

本文研究了嗜酸乳杆菌在豆乳中的生长情况,考察了温度、接种量、木瓜汁添加、嗜酸乳杆菌与植物乳杆菌复配比例对发酵的影响,最后根据发酵豆乳的感官指标,确定了嗜酸乳杆菌发酵豆乳的最佳工艺。结果表明,发酵温度为39℃、接种量为6%、木瓜汁添加量为10%、嗜酸乳杆菌与植物乳杆菌配比为1:2是制作木瓜发酵豆乳的最佳工艺条件。产品中嗜酸乳杆菌的活菌数达到3.0×109CFU/mL,且产品口感良好。     

分段发酵提高酸乳中活菌总数的研究

为提高酸乳中乳酸菌活菌数量,在测定不同温度下嗜酸乳杆菌生长曲线及保加利亚乳杆菌与嗜热链球菌1∶1混菌发酵生长曲线的基础上,采用分段发酵的方式,发酵初期按1%接种量接入嗜酸乳杆菌,待发酵进行4h,嗜酸乳杆菌的数量达到107时,再接入保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌,接种量均为1%。发酵结束后,测得最终活菌数可达109,相比3种菌一次性接种发酵,活菌数量提高了1个数量级。     

牛羊乳促嗜酸乳杆菌增菌发酵差异性及冷藏存活率比较研究

益生菌的活菌数量是衡量益生菌产品及制剂的营养价值和保健功能的主要指标之一。本研究以嗜酸乳杆菌为发酵剂分析比较牛乳发酵奶和羊乳发酵奶中嗜酸乳杆菌增菌发酵的活力差异,及在冷藏期活菌数量的变化趋势,探讨了牛羊乳在促进嗜酸乳杆菌发酵方面的差异性及在冷藏期存活率变化规律。结果表明:嗜酸乳杆菌在羊乳基质中表现为较好的增菌发酵效能,总活菌数为1.66×1010CFU/mL,大于牛乳基质中的总活菌数3.02×109CFU/mL;羊乳发酵奶和牛乳发酵奶在21d贮藏期内嗜酸乳杆菌的活菌数均维持在较高活力水平,而在21～26d的贮藏期内,其存活性显著降低(p<0.05),存活率分别为84.15%和84.39%。由此说明羊乳基质促嗜酸乳杆菌增菌发酵效能更佳,牛、羊乳发酵奶在贮藏期活菌数变化规律基本一致。     

混料设计法应用于多菌种发酵制备大豆凝胶蛋白

采用保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌及其混合菌对大豆分离蛋白进行发酵,应用流变仪和质构仪等手段进行分析,结果表明混合菌的发酵产酸性能和对大豆分离蛋白体系凝胶性质影响优于单一菌.在单因素试验的基础上,采用混料设计对混合菌发酵大豆分离蛋白制备凝胶的发酵条件和混合菌配比进行优化.最优发酵工艺条件为:大豆分离蛋白质量分数12％,葡萄糖添加量5％,40℃发酵4.8h,4℃冷藏12h.改变混合菌的配比可得到不同性能的大豆分离蛋白凝胶,当保加利亚乳杆菌添加量1.27％、嗜酸乳杆菌添加量0.37％时,可得到凝胶强度为145.98 g的高强度凝胶;当保加利亚乳杆菌添加量0.48％、嗜热链球菌添加量0.99％、嗜酸乳杆菌添加量0.14％,可得到持水率为87.28％的高持水率凝胶.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press