热泵干燥箱运行特性的分析

本文通过对热泵干燥垢计算和分析及对热泵干燥箱二燥过程的试验研究，认为热泵干燥箱的除水量随干燥温度和循环空气回风的相对湿度的升高而升高；单位除湿能耗比ＳＰＣ在一定的循环空气回风的相对湿度下有一个最佳的干燥温度使得ＳＰＣ最小，且循环空气回风的相对湿度越小，这个最佳干燥温度越大。     

芒果热泵干燥生命周期成本建模与效益分析

目的 对比研究芒果果脯热泵干燥过程与传统化石能源热风干燥的成本效益，为企业生产提供科学指导。方法 在芒果果脯干燥动力学模型基础上，为芒果果脯的干燥生产过程建立生命周期成本与效益分析模型，辅以芒果热泵干燥实验数据，验证模型的正确性，并用该模型对芒果果脯热泵干燥企业的生产成本进行预测分析，比较采用热泵干燥和传统热风干燥方法的能耗、成本效益。结果 在热泵干燥条件下，不同高度层的芒果受热均匀，可以精准调控果干温度。相较于燃煤锅炉加热干燥，采用热泵干燥可以降低17.1%的生产成本，有利于减轻企业的经济负担。与传统锅炉加热干燥方法相比，采用热泵干燥方法可使生产能耗下降30.17%，二氧化碳排放量减少了32%，符合我国节能减排发展战略。结论 证明了热泵技术在芒果果脯干燥生产上的优越性。该模型方法还可用于龙眼、荔枝等同类农副产品生产中，为果脯果干生产企业的生产成本控制提供测算方法。     

跨临界CO2热泵干燥系统研究现状与进展

干燥工艺在工、农业生产中耗能巨大，研究和应用实践表明相比于其他干燥技术，热泵干燥技术具有较好的节能效果和经济效益。CO₂作为自然工质对环境友好，而且跨临界CO₂循环放热过程具有明显的温度滑移，相比常规工质冷凝温度恒定的亚临界循环，更适合用于热泵干燥工艺。本文阐述了跨临界CO₂热泵干燥系统的研究现状，从CO₂热泵干燥应用的可行性、系统模型建立与关键参数分析、实验研究及系统优化等方面进行了深入讨论，总结各种CO₂热泵干燥系统优化方式的优缺点，提出了目前跨临界CO₂热泵干燥系统研究中存在的问题，为CO₂热泵干燥技术未来的研究应用提供参考。     

喷射循环热风加热的变压器真空干燥技术

喷射循环热风加热干燥技术是用压缩空气喷射驱动替代传统风机的扰动,实现热风循环对流换热、加热变压器的真空干燥技术.该技术克服了传统热风循环和变压法干燥技术的缺陷,从物理原理上提高了变压器热风循环干燥的技术性能.对于提高干燥设备的加热效率、防止铁心生锈、改善温度分布、保证干燥系统真空度有显著效果.     

闭式跨临界CO2热泵烘干系统最优工况研究

目的 对跨临界CO2热泵驱动的闭式干燥系统展开理论研究,得到CO2闭式热泵中最优工况的计算方法和原理。方法 通过建立CO2循环与空气循环热力学耦合的数学模型,计算干燥循环中空气的温度、焓值、相对湿度、含湿量,以及跨临界CO2热泵系统中工质的温度、压力、焓值等参数。通过调整冷凝干燥后空气温度,以热泵烘干系统的COP为评价依据,探究空气循环与CO2热泵循环的耦合机理。结果 获得了CO2循环系统最优排气压力随闭式空气循环系统在不同工况下的变化规律,并基于所建立的计算程序,获得了典型工艺参数下的热泵系统的热力学参数,为关键设备(风机、换热器、压缩机等)选型及系统控制方法提供了理论依据。结论 研究表明,在CO2热泵冷却器出口状态为临界状态时,系统的COP达到最优。     

复叠式与二级压缩式热泵冷冻干燥系统循环特性比较

为了降低干燥过程的能耗,提高冷冻干燥过程的经济性,故以R600a/R290和R90为工质,分别构建了复叠式循环和二级压缩式循环的热泵冷冻干燥系统.对2种热泵干燥系统的构建方法和循环性能进行了分析和计算,并讨论了中间温度、加热温度和冷阱温度变化对系统循环特性的影响.计算结果表明,复叠式热泵循环和二级压缩式热泵循环均可用于冷冻干燥系统;在常规的冷冻干燥条件下,系统中采用复叠式热泵循环较适宜.     

封闭式热泵干燥装置的分析及优化探讨

与传统的干燥方式相比,封闭式热泵干燥装置具有高效、节能、环保等一系列优点,然而,由于其自身结构的一些特点,封闭式热泵干燥装置尚有一些不足及有待优化的地方。本文分析封闭式热泵干燥装置实际运行时所出现的一些问题,并提出相应的改进措施,同时分析热泵系统与空气循环系统的运行参数对干燥速率和能效的影响,为封闭式热泵干燥装置的优化提供借鉴。     

地下水源热泵若不能100%回灌地下水将是子孙后代的灾难

热泵技术在暖通空调领域中构成的热泵供暖方式不仅避免了“高位能源-供暖-废弃物”的单向性传统供暖方式，而且跳过“过程末端治理”的第二种模式，直接走“再生能源＋高位能-供暖-废弃物与再生能源的”部分能量循环使用的闭环式循环过程的第三种模式。因此，近年来热泵供暖（冷）在我国应用十分广泛。但是，纵观世界各国热泵的发展态势，我们明显地看到，     

热泵干燥系统在纺织行业的应用

在分析对比热泵干燥系统的几种空气循环方式后,结合纺织干燥工艺的特点,提出一种新的干燥循环方式-物料流动准封闭式循环干燥系统,通过对这种循环方式的运行过程分析,说明该系统具有较好的节能效果.     

空气回热的热泵木材干燥机运行特性的分析和研究

本文介绍了应用热泵木材干燥机干燥木材的工作原理，阐述了采用空气回热的热泵木材干燥机的优越性，并对其运行特性进行了分析和研究。通过分析和试验结果表明，采用空气回热的热泵木材干燥机与不采用空气回热的热泵木材干燥机相比较，除湿量可以提高２４％以上，而且空气的相对湿度越小，除湿量提高的越多，其优越性越明显。     

制冷与热泵产品的能效标准研究和循环热力学完善度的分析

为了建立评价冷水机组和水源热泵的EER或COP等能效指标的公共平台,提出了热力学完善度的分析方法,并计算了我国的房间空调器、冷水机组和水源热泵等制冷装置的热力学完善度的数据范围。大多水冷产品的热力学完善度在0.3至0.5之间,高效产品可以达到0.6,但风冷产品热力学完善度在0.2左右,空气源热泵热水机等介于两者之间。热力学完善度可用于同类产品或相似产品在不同工况下的性能比较。分析可见热力学完善度表征着当前产品设计制造的综合水平,是制定相关产品能效标准的限定值、节能值及能效等级的依据。     

Energy efficiency analysis of air cycle heat pump dryers

In this paper, the feasibility of an air heat pump (reversed Brayton) cycle for tumbler clothes dryers is investigated. The goal is to increase the energy efficiency as compared to conventional electrically heated driers. Relatively simple models were used to compare the energy efficiency of the heat pump drier with that of a conventional air vented drier. The components were modeled using overall performance indices and thermodynamic relations. An air cycle heat pump dryer with practical components was found to be capable of significant efficiency improvements as compared with conventional dryers.     

Regenerated air cycle potentials in heat pump applications

Air (reversed Brayton) cycle has been utilized in the area of refrigeration and cryogenics for several decades, but its potentials in heat pump applications were longtime underestimated. In this paper, a thermodynamic model for the regenerated air heat pump cycle with practical compressor, expander and regenerated heat exchanger was developed. Based on the model, the relations between the system performance and the operating parameters were analyzed. The optimal heating COP (coefficient of performance) and the corresponding pressure ratio were derived. Then, air heat pump cycles (regenerated cycle and basic cycle) and vapor-compression heat pump cycles (CO₂ trans-critical cycle and R410A subcritical cycle) were numerically compared. The results indicated that the regenerated air heat pump cycle not only gets the heating capacity in line with the heating load under different operating conditions but also achieves higher COP over trans-critical CO₂ heat pump cycle in applications of large temperature difference.     

Using an air cycle heat pump system with a turbocharger to supply heating for full electric vehicles

Air cycle heat pump has large potentials in heating applications. However, a key challenge faced nowadays is the matching problem between its expander and compressor. This paper presents the performance evaluation of an air cycle heat pump system integrated with a turbocharger, a blower and a regenerated heat exchanger. A thermodynamic model for this system is first developed and the relationships between the system performance and the operating parameters are investigated. Then, the performance of three different air cycle heat pumps with a blower installed before the compressor, and a blower installed before the turbine, and with an expander, are numerically simulated. The results indicated that the blower installed before the compressor can achieve a higher heating capacity and thus a higher COP. Finally, the heating power consumption of air cycle heat pump was compared with the PTC and the vapor compression heat pump of the full electric vehicle.     

基于复合热源的热泵型空调器

提出将空气-水作为热泵型空调器的复合热源。根据当前的研究状况,初步设计空气-水复合热源热泵型空调器,利用热力学原理分析该空调器的工作循环和特点,结果表明该空调器的制冷性能高于空气源热泵空调器,制热和室外换热器结霜状况得到一定改善。     

空气源热泵结霜机理及除霜/抑霜技术研究进展

结霜导致蒸发器的热阻增加,传热系数降低,系统COP减小,制约了空气源热泵的推广应用。本文在表面结霜机理研究现状的基础上,总结了影响结霜的各种因素相应除霜/抑霜技术,综述了逆循环、热气旁通和电加热三种常用除霜方法的研究进展,概括了改变空气参数、表面温度和换热器结构的抑霜效果,以及表面改性抑霜技术的研究现状。指出霜导热系数模型的局限性及除霜/抑霜技术存在的问题,提出今后应结合多种措施着重探索对水蒸气凝结、冷凝水冻结、霜层回融和塌陷等阶段均有较强抑制作用的抑霜技术。     

Thermal modeling of gas engine driven air to water heat pump systems in heating mode using genetic algorithm and Artificial Neural Network methods

The gas-engine driven air-to-water heat pump, type air conditioning system, is composed of two major thermodynamic cycles (including the vapor compression refrigeration cycle and the internal combustion gas engine cycle) as well as a refrigerant-water plate heat exchanger. The thermal modeling of gas engine driven air-to-water heat pump system with engine heat recovery heat exchangers was performed here for the heating mode of operation (in which it was required to model engine heat recovery heat exchanger). The modeling was performed using typical thermodynamic characteristics of system components, Artificial Neural Network and the multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization method. The comparison of modeling results with experimental ones showed average differences of 5.08%, 5.93%, 5.21%, 2.88% and 6.2% which shows acceptable agreement for operating pressure, gas engine fuel consumption, outlet water temperature, engine rotational speed, and system primary energy ratio.     

空气源热泵回收空调系统排风能量的节能利用探讨

文章对目前空调系统排风中能量回收利用过程中存在的不足进行了理论分析和相关的技术数据比较,提出了基于空气源热泵空调排风的深度节能利用方案,即把空调系统排风引入到空气源热泵室外换热器,利用空调系统的排风具有的能量来加强空气源热泵室外换热器的换热强度,从而提高空气源热泵的制冷、制热系数和机组的制冷(热)量,减少电能消耗。该方案在技术上可行,初投资小、回收年限短、能量回收率高(可以达到100%)、节能效果显著。     

Defrost cycle performance for a circular shape evaporator air source heat pump

Air source heat pumps have numerous advantages in many applications over other heating equipment with regard to energy efficiency. However, there are two main problems with air source heat pumps: (1) heating capacity decreases when the outdoor air temperature becomes lower and (2) when there is frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger surfaces in humid climates. This paper will examine the defrost cycle for a residential heat pump with circular shaped evaporator coil in more detail paying special attention to the high humidity conditions encountered in maritime climates. The investigation was to optimise the efficiency of an air source heat pump operating under a range of conditions that would include defrost. Performance optimisation was achieved through a series of experiments carried out to the EN14511 test standard from which it was possible to note the best defrost initiation condition, defrost operating time and intervals between defrosts that most benefited the performance of the heat pump.     

一种用于低温环境下新型空气源热泵循环研究

提出了一种在低温环境下能扩大制热能力空气源热泵装置,既可按传统单级空气源热泵方式运行,又可按复叠循环方式运行.在低温环境下对两种空气源热泵循环特性进行模拟比较.模拟结果表明,在环境温度很低条件下,该热泵仍可获得较大制热量和较高COP值,并具有较小压缩比和较低压缩机排气温度.热泵制热应在最佳节能控制条件下运行以实现最大限度节能.它为解决热泵的低温适用范围和低温条件下节能等问题提供了一条可取的途径.