共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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《当代化工》2020,(2)
碳酸二甲酯作为一种新型的汽油添加剂是一种甲基叔丁基醚替代品,能够有效提高汽油的辛烷值和含氧量,具有良好的应用前景。针对目前碳酸二甲酯合成过程成本高、路线繁琐等问题。提出了一种以廉价的二氧化碳和甲醇为原料,在高温高压条件下,经活性炭负载活性金属铜催化剂催化,一步法直接合成了碳酸二甲酯,利用单因素法对不同反应条件的影响进行了探索,得到的最佳条件为:反应温度120℃,催化剂加入量为3.5%,反应压力7.5 mPa,反应时间7 h。碳酸二甲酯收率为59.3%,甲醇的转化率为59.6%。将合成得到的碳酸二甲酯在汽油中进行了应用评价实验,结果表明合成的碳酸二甲酯在汽油中能够明显提升汽油的抗爆性能。研究了碳酸二甲酯对调合催化汽油的辛烷值、氧含量、敏感度、馏程等性能的影响。实验结果表明,碳酸二甲酯在汽油中作为添加剂具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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碳酸二甲酯是一种具有芳香气味的无色液体,可混溶于碱类、酸类等有机溶液中,其化学合成物应用较为广泛,可用于羰基化剂和甲基化剂中,如植物保护剂、食品抗氧剂等。围绕碳酸二甲酯的催化和偶联反应,对其用作汽油添加剂方面的知识进行了深入探讨,旨在促使汽油抗爆性和燃烧性水平的提升。 相似文献
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运用日本岛津公司生产的傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对汽油及甲缩醛进行扫描,获得不受其它组分干扰的甲缩醛的特征吸收峰;并根据朗伯-比尔定律,对甲缩醛进行定量分析。结果表明,傅里叶中红外光谱法可以准确测定汽油中的甲缩醛,该方法具有分析速度快、重复性好、分析成本低等优点。 相似文献
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针对近期媒体上报道的调和汽油引发“熄火门”的事件,利用中学所学的有机化学相关理论知识对汽油中的N-甲基苯胺、甲缩醛和碳酸二甲酯三种调和组分进行快速辨别。方法简便快捷,贴近生活。 相似文献
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介绍了傅立叶红外光谱测定汽油中苯含量的方法.以标准分析方法为参照,利用傅立叶红外光谱仪测定汽油的红外光谱,采用一阶微分和偏最小二乘法对汽油中的苯含量建立校正模型.该模型测定未知样品汽油苯含量的结果与标准分析方法的偏差符合标准方法的要求. 相似文献
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Synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from methyl carbamate and methanol over lanthanum compounds 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dengfeng Wang Xuelan Zhang Yangyan Gao Fukui Xiao Yuhan Sun 《Fuel Processing Technology》2010,91(9):1081-1086
Various lanthanum compounds were used as the catalyst for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from methyl carbamate and methanol. Among them, La(NO3)3 presented the best catalytic performance with the DMC yield of 53.7% under suitable reaction conditions. Based on the results of X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and element analysis, a possible reaction mechanism over lanthanum nitrate was proposed for this reaction. 相似文献
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Leonardo S.G. Teixeira Fábio S. Oliveira Hilda C. dos Santos Selmo Q. Almeida 《Fuel》2008,87(3):346-352
In the present work, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in association with multivariate chemometrics classification techniques was employed to identify gasoline samples adulterated with diesel oil, kerosene, turpentine spirit or thinner. Results indicated that partial least squares (PLS) models based on infrared spectra were proven suitable as practical analytical methods for predicting adulterant content in gasoline in the volume fraction range from 0% to 50%. The results obtained by PLS provided prediction errors lower than 2% (v/v) for all adulterant determined. Additionally, Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) was performed using all spectral data (650-3700 cm−1) for sample classification into adulterant classes defined by training set and the results indicated that undoubted adulteration detection was possible but identification of the adulterant was subject to misclassification errors, specially for kerosene and turpentine adulterated samples, and must be carefully examined. Quality control and police laboratories for gasoline analysis should employ the proposed methods for rapid screening analysis for qualitative monitoring purposes. 相似文献
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A series of polycarbonate copolymers were synthesized by the ring‐opening bulk polymerization of 2‐phenyl‐5,5‐bis(hydroxymethyl) trimethylene carbonate (PTC) and 5,5‐dimethyl trimethylene carbonate (DTC) with tin(II) 2‐ethylhexanoate and aluminum isopropoxide as initiators. The copolymers obtained were characterized by 1H‐NMR, Fourier transform infrared, and ultraviolet. The influence of the molar ratio of the monomers, the initiators, and their concentrations, the reaction time, and the reaction temperature on the copolymerization was also studied. The copolymerization of monomers DTC and PTC was a nonideal copolymerization, and the copolymerization reactivity ratio of the monomer DTC was higher than that of PTC in the copolymerization process. In vitro release profiles of fluorouracil from the copolymers showed that the copolymer had a steady drug‐release rate and good controlled‐release property. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008 相似文献
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以偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物〔P(VdF-HFP)〕、LiClO4/碳酸二甲酯(DMC)/碳酸乙烯酯(EC)或LiPF6/EC/DMC/碳酸二乙酯(DEC)和纳米SiO2为原料,用自然挥发法和相转移法制成聚合物电解质膜。测试结果表明:对LiClO4/DMC/EC体系,c(LiClO4)=1mol/L,w(SiO2)=7%时,室温(21℃)电导率达最大值2 81mS/cm,72℃时达9 6mS/cm;对LiPF6/EC/DMC/DEC体系,c(LiPF6)=1mol/L,m〔P(VdF-HFP)〕∶m(SiO2)=3∶2时,室温电导率为3 68mS/cm,72℃时达13 8mS/cm。扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射分析(XRD)结果表明,电解质膜为非晶态的多孔结构,纳米SiO2粉末掺入可使微孔的数目明显增多,孔隙率增加,孔分布更均匀;傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)结果显示,P(VdF-HFP)、增塑剂与LiClO4间存在相互作用。 相似文献