玉米芯填料生物过滤法净化含氨废气研究

以玉米芯填充生物过滤塔并用于净化含氨废气.着重研究了填料类型、含水率、进气流量、填料高度等因素对净化效果的影响.结果表明:天然玉米芯的饱和吸附容量比珍珠岩高221.4 g-NH3·m-3-填料,净化效果优于珍珠岩;当含水率为41.25%时,天然玉米芯的吸附容量最大,为308.3 g-NH3·m-3-填料;进气NH3质量...     

悬浮填料在废水好氧处理中的性能研究

本文通过对在MBBR系统中投加聚氨酯填料、聚丙烯填料、改性聚氨酯填料、改性聚丙烯填料对生物膜生长和微生物净化水体的性能做对比试验,试验采用COD、氨氮去除率作为评价指标,结果表明,改性填料确实可以提高微生物对废水中污染物的净化效率,性聚丙烯填料可以将聚丙烯填料对COD的去除率从70.9%提升到83.1%,氨氮去除率从49.4%提升到61.2%,改性聚氨酯填料可以将聚氨酯填料对氨氮的去除率从81.2%提升到96.4%。这对于我们在利用悬浮填料改良现有活性污泥法工艺中具有指导性意义。     

人工湿地填料在废水中脱氮除磷的应用研究进展

首先对人工湿地相关概念及人工湿地植物、微生物、填料进行了阐述,着重介绍了多种人工湿地填料在除磷、除氮方面的净化效果,最后对人工湿地填料的发展前景进行了展望。     

不同填料生物滤池净化生活污水性能的对比研究

为了研究不同填料滤池对生活污水的净化效果和特性,构建了平行的竹丝填料曝气生物滤池和陶粒/竹丝复合填料曝气生物滤池,通过连续流对比实验研究2个滤池对污染物的去除效果。结果表明,陶粒/竹丝填料曝气池净化效果更好,在污水氨氮浓度变化时,抗冲击负荷能力更强,并能增强反硝化性能,有效去除污水中的氮盐和磷盐。相比于竹丝填料滤池而言,陶粒/竹丝填料滤池对氨氮、总氮、总磷的平均去除率高出10.9%、10.0%和15.4%。     

不同基质人工湿地对氨氮及硝酸盐氮净化效果的研究

针对单一填料类型人工湿地水质净化受限的问题,本研究构建了基于火山岩、煤灰渣和火山岩-煤灰渣组合填料的人工湿地,进行了单一填料和混合填料类型人工湿地的水质净化小试试验.研究结果表明,火山岩、煤灰渣和火山岩-煤灰渣混合湿地对NH4+-N和NO3-N的平均去除率分别为80.86％,63.10％,83.87％和36.75％,2...     

瓷塑复合型填料在脱硫塔内的运行效果

简述了焦炉煤气净化过程中,脱硫塔填料的使用情况及填料堵塞对脱硫系统的影响,阐述了瓷塑复合型填料的优点以及在生产运行中的效果。     

改造填料塔 完善净化工艺

１８０ｋｔ／ａ冶炼烟气制酸装置采用绝热增湿冷却、稀酸移热净化、两转两吸工艺。因填料塔净化效果较差,影响了电除雾器的正常运行,故对填料塔的分酸装置、捕沫器进行改造,效果良好。     

生物法净化低浓度甲苯废气装置及其操作特性

对生物法净化低浓度甲苯废气的适宜装置及其操作特性的研究表明,生物膜填料塔对低浓度甲苯废气的净化性能优于筛板塔及鼓泡塔;生物膜填料塔采用逆流并在液气比0.03～0.1、气速（30～60）m·h~(-1)的条件下操作时,低浓度甲苯废气净化效率可保持在90％以上．经实验验证,本生物膜填料塔对废气中甲苯的同系物同样具有净化作用．并且对再生胶厂、印刷厂、铸造厂、油漆厂等企业的实际生产废气也有良好的净化效果．     

人工浮床池净化富营养河水试验研究

采用三种人工浮床池研究净化西太湖地区富营养化河水。结果表明：三种浮床池对河水均具有良好的净化效果,其中设置填料的二种浮床池对河水中SS、NH4-N、TP的平均净化率分别达到64．1％～65．6％、62．2％～69．8％、50．4％～60．1％,填料的设置对河水净化起到了一定的促进作用。与球形填料相比,组合填料的表面积更大,能够固定更多的微生物,因此对应的浮床池净化效果更好。浮床植物光合作用使得池水中溶解氧含量呈现昼夜交替变化,为脱氮提供了良好的环境条件。     

超重力法净化油烟实验研究

基于餐饮业油烟净化难的现状，本文探讨了超重力技术除尘机理，提出了利用新型强化传递过程技术一超重力旋转填料床为实验设备，采用超重力法对餐饮业油烟进行净化试验研究。获得超重力强度、气液比、填料类型等对去除效率的影响，实验结果表明，在适宜的操作条件下，超重力法净化效率高，能达到95％以上，具有去除效率高、投资费用低等优点，在油烟净化方面具有良好的应用前景，并获取了最优操作工艺数据。     

陶瓷球填料生物滴滤塔降解甲苯废气

The Purification experiments of waste gas containing low concentration toluene were made in trickling biofilter with ceramic spheres. The effects of liquid flow rate,gas flow rate,pH of circulation liquid, and toluene concentration in inlet gas on the purification efficiency of trickling biofilter were investigated. The pressure drop of the trickling biofilter was also measured during experiments.Increasing liquid flow rate and gas flow rate resulted in the decrease of purification efficiency of trickling biofilter. The highest purification efficiency of trickling biofilter was found at the circulation liquid pH of 7. The porosity of the packing material at the inlet of gas was higher than that at the outlet of gas in biofilter after continuous operation in 50 days. The decrease in the porosity of packing material caused a great increase in the pressure drop of the biofilter.     

Biofiltration of xylene emissions: bioreactor response to variations in the pollutant inlet concentration and gas flow rate

In order to remove xylene vapors from an air stream, an upflow laboratory scale biofilter was operated for a period of 2 months. The experimental study consisted of two different phases: in the first phase, the biofilter was operated at various gas flow rates and the xylene inlet concentration was maintained at 1.39 g m⁻³. In the second phase, various inlet concentrations of the contaminant were tested at a constant gas flow rate of 0.4 m³ h⁻¹ corresponding to an empty bed residence time of 150 s. The biofilter response to steep and abrupt variations in the xylene inlet concentration and gas flow rate was examined. The results obtained revealed that the removal efficiency of the biofilter regained its high values (above 96%) in less than 24 h following the change to low concentrations and gas flow rate. Temperature measurements showed that the biofilter temperature strongly depends on the intensity of the microbial activity in the filter bed. The experimental mass ratio of carbon dioxide produced to the xylene removed was equal to 2.72 indicating that the contaminant was eliminated exclusively by aerobic biodegradation. These findings suggest that a follow up of the amount of carbon dioxide produced in the filter bed can be very helpful in monitoring the performance of the biofilter. For relatively small inlet loads of xylene, the contributions of the different sections of the biofilter to the removal efficiency of the contaminant and the carbon dioxide production were unevenly balanced but became more uniformly distributed for relatively high inlet loads.     

Removal characteristics of mixed gas of ethyl acetate and 2-butanol by a biofilter packed with Jeju scoria

The removal characteristics of a mixed gas of ethyl acetate and 2-butanol by a biofilter packed with Jeju scoria were investigated. The experiments were conducted by changing the mixing ratio and the inlet loading rate of the mixed gas. There was no significant difference between the removal efficiency of ethyl acetate in the mixed gas and that of ethyl acetate in the single gas, while the removal efficiency of 2-butanol in the mixed gas was higher than that in the single gas. At the same loading rate, there was no significant difference between the removal capacity of ethyl acetate in the single gas and that in the mixed gas consisting of ethyl acetate at higher concentration than 2-butanol. However, the removal capacity of 2-butanol in the mixed gas was higher than that in the single gas when 2-butanol flowed through the biofilter at higher concentration than that of ethyl acetate.     

生物膜滴滤床内温度及其分布特性对废气净化性能的影响

对不同温度下,陶瓷球填料生物膜滴滤塔净化低浓度有机废气的降解性能以及填料床内温度分布进行了实验研究,实验结果表明：填料床内微生物生长环境温度对微生物酶活性影响很大,从而造成温度对滴滤塔净化性能的显著影响.微生物酶活性最高时的温度为30℃,最高滴滤塔净化性能所对应的温度在30～40℃.在滴滤塔顺流操作条件下,滴滤床内温度沿气液流动方向升高;在进口碳源浓度一定时,滴滤床内沿气液流动方向的温升随着液体流量的减小和气体流量的增大而升高;废气进口浓度及系统操作方式对滴滤床温度分布也有显著影响.     

A mathematical steady state model for methane bioelimination in a closed biofilter

Methane is a greenhouse gas, emitted from sources such as landfills. This paper presents a steady state model of methane biofiltration taking into consideration the impact of various parameters, such as the inlet methane concentration, the gas superficial velocity and the packing bed average temperature, on the methane biofilter efficiency. More specifically, the model developed here considers that the average bed temperature is influenced by the elimination capacity of methane in the biofilter, which is function of the methane inlet load. When using this model, it is possible to estimate the biofilter performance in terms of parameters, such as the conversion, elimination capacity and carbon dioxide production. Comparison of the model generated performance values with experimental data in the range of methane concentrations varying from 1500 to 9500 ppmv yields satisfactory results (<2–10% error, depending on the inlet methane concentration and on the performance parameter).     

Measurements and modeling of heat generation in a trickling biofilter for biodegradation of a low concentration volatile organic compound (VOC)

The experimental and theoretical heat generation behavior of a trickling biofilter treating toluene is discussed. The experimental results show that the temperature of the packed bed has a significant effect on the purification performance of the trickling biofilter and that an optimal operation temperature exists between 30 and 40 °C. During the gas–liquid co-current flow, the temperature in the packed bed gradually rises along the direction of the gas and liquid flow due to the exothermic biodegradation of toluene. The temperature rise between the inlet and outlet of the trickling biofilter increases with an increase in the gas flow rate and inlet toluene concentration. In addition, a larger liquid flow rate leads to a smaller temperature rise. The heat generation process occurring in the trickling biofilter is modeled by representing the packed bed as an equivalent set of parallel capillary tubes covered by the biofilm. The temperature profile in the packed bed during the liquid–gas co-current flow is analyzed by simultaneously solving the problem of gas–liquid two-phase flow and heat and mass transfer through the liquid film and biofilm. It is shown that the model agrees well with the experimental data, predicting the variations of the temperature rise between the inlet and outlet of trickling biofilter with the increasing gas and liquid flow rates.     

生物膜填料塔净化低浓度有机废气的动力学模型研究

为了开展生物化学法净化处理低浓度有机废气的理论及应用研究，针对生物膜填料塔建立了甲苯生化降解反应的动力学模型，对比验证的结果表明，模拟计算值与实验值之间有很好的相关性（相关系数Ｒ＞０．９６），故可利用这一模式由已知的操作参数对生物膜填料塔的净化效果进行预测。     

Biofilter modeling for waste air treatment: Comparisons of inherent characteristics of biofilter models

The types of biofilter modeling may be primarily classified in accordance with whether a biofilm is differentiated from other phases in each model. It may be a secondary classification with regard to biofilter-modeling whether sorption volume and/or adsorption are adopted as reservoirs or not. Thirdly, biofilter models are classified as to whether adsorption is assumed to exist through gas phase and/or a biofilm. Among all the biofilter-models of previous investigators all model-components including gas phase, a biofilm, sorption volume and adsorption surface are considered only in the model of Lim. Since his model does not require a numerical solution but an algebraic solution to describe the concentration of organic pollutants in waste-air-streams along the height of a biofilter even under unsteady-state conditions, it satisfies the condition of simplicity that is one of the important model requirements. In spite of its simplicity, Lim's model predictions are fairly good to fit Hodge and Devinny’s experimental data.     

生物膜法净化低浓度硫化氢气体的试验研究

论述了采用生物膜填料塔净化低浓度Ｈ２Ｓ气体的可行性。研究表明：构成生物膜的脱硫杆菌对废气中低浓度Ｈ２Ｓ气体有很强的生化去除能力,生物膜填料对废气中的Ｈ２Ｓ的生化去除量可达９５．１ｇ／（ｍ３填料·ｈ）,而且当入口的Ｈ２Ｓ气体的浓度在２．３ｇ／ｍ３以下时,生物膜填料塔的净化效率在８８％以上。     

The influence of the gas flow rate during methane biofiltration on an inorganic packing material

The influence of the gas flow rate (GFR), when varied between 1 and 5.5 L/min, on the conversion, the elimination capacity (EC) and the carbon dioxide production , during the biofiltration of methane using a biofilter charged with an inorganic packing material, has been investigated. The methane concentrations considered for this purpose were selected from the operating range of 1300–12 000 ppmv. The experiments involved were conducted, using a nitrogen minimal salt nutrient solution, for the biofilter periodic irrigation, in which the nitrogen concentration was maintained at 0.75 g/L, and the phosphorus concentration was of 0.3 or 1.5 g/L. The results obtained from this study have confirmed the view that the GFR is a important parameter, the optimum values found, leading to methane conversions of ≥90%, being ≤2 L/min for inlet loads ≤55 g/m³/h. Based on this result, it was then established that the maximum volumetric load (VL) of methane in the biofilter must be estimated at around 0.075 m³ (methane)/m³ (biofilter)/h, that is, 6.8 m³ (polluted gas)/m³ (biofilter)/h. In addition, when the GFR is selected between 1 and 4.2 L/min, it has an influence on the EC. However, the GFR does not affect the within the biofilter. It has also been established that the high phosphorus level (i.e., 1.5 g/L), present in the nutrient solution, is to be preferred in the biofilter.