The cogeneration steam turbine of the T-40/50-8.8 type for the combined cycle power plant PGU-115

This paper describes the design of the steam turbine intended for a single-unit two-shaft combined-cycle plant and its main systems, the heat flow diagram, and turbine plant arrangement. The turbine should operate as part of the combined-cycle power plant that will be constructed on the basis of the modern PG6111FA gas turbine manufactured in the USA.     

The cogeneration steam turbine of the T-63/76-8.8 type for a series of PGU-300 combined cycle power plants

This paper describes in detail the design of the T-63/76?C8.8 steam turbine manufactured by Ural Turbine Works (refurbished significantly), its electrohydraulic control and protection system made according to the current requirements on control and protection, the heat flow diagram, and arrangement of the turbine. The T-63/76?C8.8 steam turbine is intended to be used in double-shaft double-circuit combined-cycle monoblocks at a number of thermal power plants currently under construction. The turbine has a great future, since it may be employed in various combinations with gas turbine units having the output of 150?C170 MW that are manufactured by virtually all firms.     

The T-125/150-12.8 cogeneration steam turbine

The article presents the design, the economic indicators, and the main solutions on the thermal process circuit and layout of the T-125/150-12.8 turbine, a new design version of the T-100-12.8 turbine, which is one of the best known, unique and widely used cogeneration turbines in Russia and abroad. The project of the new turbine is supposed to be used both for renovating and upgrading already installed turbines of the T-100 family and for supplying it as a full set for replacing obsolete equipment or constructing new one.     

The T-53/67-8.0 cogeneration steam turbine for the PGU-230 combined-cycle plant at the Minsk TETs-3 cogeneration station

The design features of the turbine unit and the basic solutions found for its thermal scheme and layout are considered. The fundamental principles for controlling the turbine are described, and its economic indicators are given.     

A T-113/145-12.8 cogeneration steam turbine for the PGU-410 combined-cycle plant at the Krasnodar cogeneration station

Turbine design, essential features of its control, economic indicators, and main solutions taken for the thermal circuit and layout of the T-113/145-12.8 turbine unit are considered.     

Steam turbines of the T-50/60-8.8, K-63-8.8, and Tp-100/110-8.8 types destined for modernization of thermal power plants with K-50-90 and K-100-90 turbines

This paper describes the design, schemes of regulation, and control and protection of steam turbines of the T-50/60-8.8, K-63-8.8, and Tp-100/110-8.8 types destined for modernization of thermal power plants with replacement of K-50-90 and K-100-90 turbines that have very low efficiency and exhausted not only their designed, but also fleet life. The replacement proposed is based on state-of-the-art engineering solutions and will be carried out at concrete thermal power plants and CHP plants.     

Calculation of thermal displacements for selecting gaps in the flow path of a T-40/50-8.8 turbine

The temperature fields and distributions of thermal displacements of the rotor and stator of a T-40/50-8.8 turbine are calculated for selecting the axial erection and working gaps between the diaphragm and rotor in each turbine stage in designing the flow path of this turbine and drawing up its theoretical drawing.     

Retrofitting of T-100/110-12.8 cogeneration steam turbines

Problems relating to replacement and retrofitting of steam turbines that have worked through their service life are considered, and methods for extending their service life are discussed. Concrete activities carried out at Ural Turbine Works in the course of renovating and retrofitting T-100/110-12.8 turbines are presented.     

N300-16.7/537/537型汽轮机甩负荷的试验研究

介绍了湖南华润电力鲤鱼江有限公司2号机组(300MW)采用常规法的甩负荷试验，并针对抑制超速保护控制装置(OPC)的频繁动作和防止转速二次飞升的问题，提出优化数字式电液调节系统(DEH)中OPC动作逻辑和甩负荷后尽快使再热蒸汽压力降低的见解，可供大型机组甩负荷试验参考和借鉴。     

中型抽汽供热机组特点和应用条件研究

针对中型抽汽供热机组应用较多，但却面临大容量两用机组挑战的问题，通过研究中型抽汽供热机组的特点和影响热力发电厂节能的因素，客观地评价其优缺点，得出其应用条件和范围。     

Type T-130/130-12.8 cogeneration steam turbines with reheating

The design features and basic thermal scheme of the cogeneration turbines for a rated power capacity of 130 MW and steam parameters of 12.8 MPa and 540/540°C are considered. Figures characterizing the calculated economic effect from the use of steam reheating are presented.     

Delivery-water heaters used in cogeneration steam turbine units produced by Ural Turbine Works

The designs of horizontal delivery-water heaters used as part of steam-turbine units equipped with the cogeneration turbines developed at Ural Turbine Works are described. The design features of the apparatuses relating to the specific nature of their operation as part of combined-cycle plants equipped with cogeneration turbines are pointed out.     

Cogeneration turbine unit with a new T-295/335-23.5 steam turbine

The design, schematics, and arrangement of a T-295/335-23.5 turbine and the basic features of a steam-turbine unit (STU) intended for replacement of STUs with a T-250/300-23.5 turbine with the expired service life and installed in large cities, such as Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kiev, Minsk, and Kharkov, for heat and power generation are considered. The basic solutions for an automatic electrohydraulic control and protection system using high-pressure (HP) technology are described. As the turbine operates in a power unit together with a supercritical boiler and the design turbine service life of 250000 hours must be attained, turbine component construction materials complying with these requirements are listed.     

Substantiation of the cogeneration turbine unit selection for reconstruction of power units with a T-250/300-23.5 turbine

The selection of a cogeneration steam turbine unit (STU) for the reconstruction of power units with a T-250/300-23.5 turbine is substantiated by the example of power unit no. 9 at the cogeneration power station no. 22 (TETs-22) of Mosenergo Company. Series T-250 steam turbines have been developed for combined heat and power generation. A total of 31 turbines were manufactured. By the end of 2015, the total operation time of prototype power units with the T-250/300-23.5 turbine exceeded 290000 hours. Considering the expiry of the service life, the decision was made that the reconstruction of the power unit at st. no. 9 of TETs-22 should be the first priority. The main issues that arose in developing this project—the customer’s requirements and the request for the reconstruction, the view on certain problems of Ural Turbine Works (UTZ) as the manufacturer of the main power unit equipment, and the opinions of other project parties—are examined. The decisions were made with account taken of the experience in operation of all Series T-250 turbines and the results of long-term discussions of pressing problems at scientific and technical councils, meetings, and negotiations. For the new power unit, the following parameters have been set: a live steam pressure of 23.5 MPa and live steam/reheat temperature of 565/565°C. Considering that the boiler equipment will be upgraded, the live steam flow is increased up to 1030 t/h. The reconstruction activities involving the replacement of the existing turbine with a new one will yield a service life of 250000 hours for turbine parts exposed to a temperature of 450°C or higher and 200000 hours for pipeline components. Hence, the decision has been made to reuse the arrangement of the existing turbine: a four-cylinder turbine unit comprising a high-pressure cylinder (HPC), two intermediate pressure cylinders (IPC-1 & 2), and a low-pressure cylinder (LPC). The flow path in the new turbine will have active blading in LPC and IPC-1. The information is also presented on the use of the existing foundations, the fact that the overall dimensions of the turbine unit compartment are not changed, the selection of the new turbine type, and the solutions adopted on the basis of this information as to LPC blading, steam admission type, issues associated with thermal displacements, etc.     

Development of a system for monitoring technical state of the equipment of a cogeneration steam turbine unit

Generalized results from the work on developing elements of a comprehensive system for monitoring technical state of the equipment of cogeneration turbines are presented. The parameters of the electrohydraulic turbine control system are considered together with a number of problems concerned with assessing the state of condensers and delivery water heaters.     

K-65-12.8 condensing steam turbine

A new condensing steam turbine K-65-12.8 is considered, which is the continuation of the development of the steam turbine family of 50–70 MW and the fresh steam pressure of 12.8 MPa, such as twocylinder T-50-12.8 and T-60/65-12.8 turbines. The turbine was developed using the modular design. The design and the main distinctive features of the turbine are described, such as a single two-housing cylinder with the steam flow loop; the extraction from the blading section for the regeneration, the inner needs, and heating; and the unification of some assemblies of serial turbines with shorter time of manufacture. The turbine uses the throttling steam distribution; steam from a boiler is supplied to a turbine through a separate valve block consisting of a central shut-off valve and two side control valves. The blading section of a turbine consists of 23 stages: the left flow contains ten stages installed in the inner housing and the right flow contains 13 stages with diaphragm placed in holders installed in the outer housing. The disks of the first 16 stages are forged together with a rotor, and the disks of the rest stages are mounted. Before the two last stages, the uncontrolled steam extraction is performed for the heating of a plant with the heat output of 38–75 GJ/h. Also, a turbine has five regenerative extraction points for feed water heating and the additional steam extraction to a collector for the inner needs with the consumption of up to 10 t/h. The feasibility parameters of a turbine plant are given. The main solutions for the heat flow diagram and the layout of a turbine plant are presented. The main principles and features of the microprocessor electro hydraulic control and protection system are formulated.     

布莱登汽封技术在引进型300MW汽轮机中的应用与分析

通过对大坝电厂引进型300MW汽轮机组应用布莱登汽封的必要性分析,阐述了布莱登汽封的结构、工作原理和使用该汽封可能产生的问题及采取的措施,对该汽封的使用效果进行分析,并提出了安装、运行的注意事项和参考建议。     

The design features of a K-110-1.6 bottom steam turbine

Design features of a bottom condensing turbine, fundamental principles of turbine control, and basic solutions for the thermal circuit and layout of the turbine unit are considered.