The cogeneration steam turbine of the T-40/50-8.8 type for the combined cycle power plant PGU-115

This paper describes the design of the steam turbine intended for a single-unit two-shaft combined-cycle plant and its main systems, the heat flow diagram, and turbine plant arrangement. The turbine should operate as part of the combined-cycle power plant that will be constructed on the basis of the modern PG6111FA gas turbine manufactured in the USA.     

A T-113/145-12.8 cogeneration steam turbine for the PGU-410 combined-cycle plant at the Krasnodar cogeneration station

Turbine design, essential features of its control, economic indicators, and main solutions taken for the thermal circuit and layout of the T-113/145-12.8 turbine unit are considered.     

The T-53/67-8.0 cogeneration steam turbine for the PGU-230 combined-cycle plant at the Minsk TETs-3 cogeneration station

The design features of the turbine unit and the basic solutions found for its thermal scheme and layout are considered. The fundamental principles for controlling the turbine are described, and its economic indicators are given.     

The T-125/150-12.8 cogeneration steam turbine

The article presents the design, the economic indicators, and the main solutions on the thermal process circuit and layout of the T-125/150-12.8 turbine, a new design version of the T-100-12.8 turbine, which is one of the best known, unique and widely used cogeneration turbines in Russia and abroad. The project of the new turbine is supposed to be used both for renovating and upgrading already installed turbines of the T-100 family and for supplying it as a full set for replacing obsolete equipment or constructing new one.     

Substantiation of the cogeneration turbine unit selection for reconstruction of power units with a T-250/300-23.5 turbine

The selection of a cogeneration steam turbine unit (STU) for the reconstruction of power units with a T-250/300-23.5 turbine is substantiated by the example of power unit no. 9 at the cogeneration power station no. 22 (TETs-22) of Mosenergo Company. Series T-250 steam turbines have been developed for combined heat and power generation. A total of 31 turbines were manufactured. By the end of 2015, the total operation time of prototype power units with the T-250/300-23.5 turbine exceeded 290000 hours. Considering the expiry of the service life, the decision was made that the reconstruction of the power unit at st. no. 9 of TETs-22 should be the first priority. The main issues that arose in developing this project—the customer’s requirements and the request for the reconstruction, the view on certain problems of Ural Turbine Works (UTZ) as the manufacturer of the main power unit equipment, and the opinions of other project parties—are examined. The decisions were made with account taken of the experience in operation of all Series T-250 turbines and the results of long-term discussions of pressing problems at scientific and technical councils, meetings, and negotiations. For the new power unit, the following parameters have been set: a live steam pressure of 23.5 MPa and live steam/reheat temperature of 565/565°C. Considering that the boiler equipment will be upgraded, the live steam flow is increased up to 1030 t/h. The reconstruction activities involving the replacement of the existing turbine with a new one will yield a service life of 250000 hours for turbine parts exposed to a temperature of 450°C or higher and 200000 hours for pipeline components. Hence, the decision has been made to reuse the arrangement of the existing turbine: a four-cylinder turbine unit comprising a high-pressure cylinder (HPC), two intermediate pressure cylinders (IPC-1 & 2), and a low-pressure cylinder (LPC). The flow path in the new turbine will have active blading in LPC and IPC-1. The information is also presented on the use of the existing foundations, the fact that the overall dimensions of the turbine unit compartment are not changed, the selection of the new turbine type, and the solutions adopted on the basis of this information as to LPC blading, steam admission type, issues associated with thermal displacements, etc.     

Heat flow diagrams with and without a deaerator for steam turbine plants with T-250/300-23.5 turbines

A T-250/300-240 turbine (currently known as T-250/300-23.5), which is operated at 31 steam turbine plants, is the largest in the world extraction turbine (by the heating extraction load) and one of the largest by the nominal capacity. All steam turbine plants equipped with T-250/300-23.5 turbines of different modifications are operated in large cities of Russia and the neighboring countries covering a significant part of the needs of cities for the electric power and almost fully supplying them with heat power. The design life of a significant part of the operated steam turbine plants of this family is either expired or almost expired. It refers to both the turbine unit (including a turbine and a generator) and the turbine plant equipment. For steam turbine plants equipped with T-250/300-23.5 turbines, which were initially designed and mounted for work with deaerators at electric power stations, the heat flow diagrams with and without a deaerator were compared. The main advantages and disadvantages of each scheme were shown. It was concluded that, for the newly constructed power units with supercritical steam parameters, it is preferable to use the heat flow diagram without a deaerator; for the upgraded blocks, if there are no objective reasons for the removal of a deaerator, it is recommended to keep the existing heat flow diagram of a turbine plant.     

联合循环供热电厂水处理设备配置

介绍了漕泾电厂燃气-蒸汽联合循环供热机组的化学水处理设备装置的组成配置情况,分析了超滤、反渗透及除盐系统的工艺流程,归纳了该套化学水处理系统的技术特点.     

Steam turbines of the T-50/60-8.8, K-63-8.8, and Tp-100/110-8.8 types destined for modernization of thermal power plants with K-50-90 and K-100-90 turbines

This paper describes the design, schemes of regulation, and control and protection of steam turbines of the T-50/60-8.8, K-63-8.8, and Tp-100/110-8.8 types destined for modernization of thermal power plants with replacement of K-50-90 and K-100-90 turbines that have very low efficiency and exhausted not only their designed, but also fleet life. The replacement proposed is based on state-of-the-art engineering solutions and will be carried out at concrete thermal power plants and CHP plants.     

Retrofitting of T-100/110-12.8 cogeneration steam turbines

Problems relating to replacement and retrofitting of steam turbines that have worked through their service life are considered, and methods for extending their service life are discussed. Concrete activities carried out at Ural Turbine Works in the course of renovating and retrofitting T-100/110-12.8 turbines are presented.     

Cogeneration turbine unit with a new T-295/335-23.5 steam turbine

The design, schematics, and arrangement of a T-295/335-23.5 turbine and the basic features of a steam-turbine unit (STU) intended for replacement of STUs with a T-250/300-23.5 turbine with the expired service life and installed in large cities, such as Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kiev, Minsk, and Kharkov, for heat and power generation are considered. The basic solutions for an automatic electrohydraulic control and protection system using high-pressure (HP) technology are described. As the turbine operates in a power unit together with a supercritical boiler and the design turbine service life of 250000 hours must be attained, turbine component construction materials complying with these requirements are listed.     

西门子HE型联合循环汽轮机的技术特点

上海汽轮机有限公司引进西门子与V94.3A型燃气轮机配套的HE型联合循环汽轮机的设计与制造技术。该型汽轮机与国内常规汽轮机相比,具有诸多特点。介绍了配套的燃机—联合循环汽轮机整体布置以及HE型汽轮机的结构布置特点;详细阐述了该型汽轮机的汽缸结构、滑销系统、支承方式、配汽系统、液压盘车装置以及各相关系统的设计特点。对HE型汽缸和润滑油系统采用模块化设计的优点及本土化生产问题,提出了思考与建议。     

燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电机组轴系配置的思考

燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电机组因高效、节能、环保而越来越受到重视,为此,从我国当前大力发展燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电机组的实际情况出发,全面分析联合循环机组轴系的配置型式及其影响,重点比较了单轴和多轴“2拖1”机组在设备投资、占地面积、建设周期、起动停机、功率和效率、检修和控制系统方面的优缺点,为燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电新机组建设的轴系配置提供参考。     

Diagrams of regimes of cogeneration steam turbines for combined-cycle power plants

General considerations regarding the form of the steam-consumption diagram for a three-loop cogeneration-type combined-cycle plant are formulated on the basis of well-known approaches. According to these considerations the diagram should consist of the main chart and numerous corrections that must be taken into account in using the diagram. The steam-consumption diagram of the T-113/145-12.4 steam turbine for the PGU-410 combined-cycle plant at the Krasnodar cogeneration station is presented.     

N300-16.7/537/537型汽轮机甩负荷的试验研究

介绍了湖南华润电力鲤鱼江有限公司2号机组(300MW)采用常规法的甩负荷试验，并针对抑制超速保护控制装置(OPC)的频繁动作和防止转速二次飞升的问题，提出优化数字式电液调节系统(DEH)中OPC动作逻辑和甩负荷后尽快使再热蒸汽压力降低的见解，可供大型机组甩负荷试验参考和借鉴。     

单轴联合循环发电机组燃气轮机与汽轮机功率区分方法研究

单轴联合循环发电机组中燃气轮机输出功率和汽轮机输出功率的合理区分是联合循环机组运行状态监测与性能分析领域亟需解决的重要问题之一。基于燃气轮机和汽轮机的基本原理,提出一种实施方便、通用性强的单轴联合循环机组燃气轮机与汽轮机功率区分方法。结果表明:采用该方法获得的计算结果与某F级单轴联合循环机组（匹配三压再热凝汽式汽轮机）热平衡设计数据对比,汽轮机功率的最大相对偏差为1.6%,燃气轮机功率的最大相对偏差为–1.42%。这表明本文提出的功率区分方法具有较好的计算精度,可为相关工程应用提供参考和借鉴。     

Calculation of thermal displacements for selecting gaps in the flow path of a T-40/50-8.8 turbine

The temperature fields and distributions of thermal displacements of the rotor and stator of a T-40/50-8.8 turbine are calculated for selecting the axial erection and working gaps between the diaphragm and rotor in each turbine stage in designing the flow path of this turbine and drawing up its theoretical drawing.     

The selection of a profile of the PGU-400T combined-cycle cogeneration unit for the TETs-25 cogeneration power plant of the mosenergo power utility

The selection of a profile of a heat-recovery combined-cycle cogeneration plant of 400- to 420-MW capacity for the expansion of the TETs-25 Mosenergo cogeneration plant is substantiated. It is shown that the most preferable version is a two-shaft arrangement with a gas turbine installed at a zero elevation level and a steam turbine mounted on a frame foundation, with cogeneration equipment located in the basement.     

鸭溪电厂300MW引进型汽轮机本体优化改造

鸭溪电厂300MW引进型汽轮机运行中暴露出一些问题,如调节级存在汽封齿易倒伏、设计效率与实际运行效率偏差大、高压缸上下缸温差大等问题。通过优化改造的途径加以完善．取得了较好的效果。