激光熔覆技术研究进展分析

采用CiteSpace软件对从中国知网检索的激光熔覆技术文献进行了关键词聚类分析,在此基础上分析了激光熔覆技术的研究进展,分析了熔覆方法及设备、熔覆材料、熔覆层组织和性能、熔覆过程数值模拟及激光熔覆应用等领域的研究进展情况。从对激光熔覆研究进展的分析结果可以看出未来的发展方向包括开发大功率半导体激光熔覆设备,开发激光熔覆专用系列熔覆材料,开展激光熔覆组织生长、演化过程的模拟研究,拓宽激光熔覆快速成型技术的应用领域。     

激光熔覆技术及工业应用研究进展

综述了国内外激光熔覆技术的研究进展，重点介绍了常用的激光熔覆材料、激光熔覆工艺、激光熔覆层的性能及其工业应用，并指出了激光熔覆技术进一步研究的几个方向。     

激光熔覆研究现状及发展趋势

综述了国内外激光熔覆技术研究现状,概括了国内外激光熔覆在熔覆材料、工艺参数设计、涂层组织性能研究、熔覆过程的数值模拟和专用设备研制等方面的研究进展,并指出了激光熔覆技术亟待解决的几个问题和进一步研究的方向.     

超高速激光熔覆研究现状及应用

超高速激光熔覆是一种新兴的表面处理技术。介绍超高速激光熔覆技术,综述国内外超高速激光熔覆技术的研究现状,目前研究热点包括熔覆工艺优化、组织性能产生机制以及过程模拟;列举了超高速激光熔覆技术在工业生产中的应用,主要包括替代硬铬电镀对大型液压缸表面进行修复、汽车制动盘涂层的制备以及快速金属增材制造。并基于目前的研究现状和应用对后续发展进行了展望,未来主要的研究热点将聚焦平面及自由曲面的超高速激光熔覆设备的研制、新型熔覆材料的研发、裂纹控制机制的探讨以及超高速激光熔覆技术结合增材制造的进一步研究。     

高速激光熔覆铁基TY-2合金组织及力学性能分析

目的 通过与激光熔覆进行对比,探究高速激光熔覆铁基TY-2合金的显微组织及力学性能.方法 采用高速激光熔覆技术在27SiMn不锈钢基体上制备铁基TY-2合金熔覆层.利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计,对熔覆层的显微组织、物相结构及力学性能进行分析测试,对比研究高速激光熔覆与激光熔覆铁基TY-2合金熔覆层的显微...     

轻合金表面激光熔覆的研究现状

通过对轻合金激光熔覆的研究现状的综述,概述了轻合金表面激光熔覆的特性,简介了轻合金表面激光熔覆技术的处理工艺,阐述了轻合金表面熔覆材料的研究近况,分析了熔覆层的组织特性及表面性能,提出了轻合金激光熔覆工艺在日后的研究趋势及方向。     

激光熔覆技术研究进展

激光熔覆技术是一种先进的材料表面改性技术,具有稀释率小、熔覆层组织致密、涂层与基体结合良好及工作环境无污染等优点。从激光熔覆喷头、激光熔覆工艺、激光熔覆材料、激光熔覆技术的工业应用这4个方面,综述了激光熔覆的研究进展。其中,在激光熔覆喷头方面,介绍了激光光斑的种类及转换原理和熔覆材料的引入方式,总结了激光束与粉束的耦合模式和熔覆喷头的种类,包括旁轴送粉熔覆喷头、光外同轴送粉喷头、光内同轴送粉喷头以及特殊工况下的熔覆喷头。在激光熔覆工艺方面,阐述了工艺参数对熔覆层宏观形貌和组织性能的影响,总结了激光熔覆复合工艺的辅助加工方法,论述了超高速激光熔覆新工艺的原理及技术优势,并介绍了激光熔覆过程控制的研究进展。在激光熔覆材料方面,阐述了熔覆材料的种类及增强相的添加方式。在激光熔覆技术的工业应用方面,介绍了激光熔覆技术在矿山机械、模具再制造以及铁路修复等领域的应用。最后对激光熔覆技术的发展趋势及应用前景做出了展望。     

激光熔覆涂层增韧改性方法的研究进展

激光熔覆涂层能够改善金属表面性能,实现表面强化,然而常发现由于涂层韧性降低,涂层表面出现裂纹缺陷问题。概述了激光熔覆涂层由于韧性降低造成裂纹的原因,包括温度梯度差引起的内应力、激光熔覆层中的应力集中以及熔覆层中的微小气孔等。同时归纳了影响激光熔覆层韧性的因素,包括熔覆材料的选择、激光熔覆工艺参数的设定以及熔覆材料的热处理方式等。在此基础上,重点阐述了近年来改善激光熔覆涂层裂纹缺陷问题的进展,并从中寻找增强激光熔覆涂层韧性的方法,包括在熔覆粉体中加入复合陶瓷增强相和稀土元素粉末等改变熔覆粉体组成、在基体与熔覆层之间增加过渡层、改变激光熔覆功率和扫描速率以及光斑直径等工艺参数、对熔覆前基体的预热和熔覆后涂层的热处理、外加超声振动和电磁场以及超声振动与电磁场的耦合等能场辅助等。针对各种增强激光熔覆涂层韧性方法的不足,探讨今后激光熔覆涂层增韧改性方法的研究前景。     

镁合金表面激光熔覆研究现状

总结了镁合金表面激光熔覆的特点,介绍了镁合金表面激光熔覆技术的处理工艺和熔覆体系及各种熔覆层的组织特征及性能的研究现状,提出了今后镁合金激光熔覆工艺的发展趋势.     

铝合金表面激光熔覆陶瓷复合涂层研究现状

介绍了铝合金表面激光熔覆工艺,总结了激光熔覆陶瓷复合涂层的研究现状。揭示了铝合金表面激光熔覆存在的问题,并对铝合金表面激光熔覆的发展进行了展望。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。