DCS在压滤脱水装置中的应用

针对压滤脱水装置生产工艺的特点和控制要求,采用ECS-100 DCS系统对原PLC系统进行升级改造。在简要介绍压滤脱水工艺流程的基础上,从硬件配置、软件设计及人机接口设计等方面阐述了控制系统的组成和功能。实际投运后,系统稳定、人机界面友好且控制功能完善。     

模拟事故工况下非能动核电厂安全相关涂层的可靠性测试及评估方法研究

安全相关涂层在非能动核电厂中起着重要的作用，涂层的失效会影响核电厂安全系统的功能执行，影响核安全。国内外核监管机构对于在设计基准事故（DBA）工况下涂层系统的可靠性及评估方法非常重视。文章结合非能动核电厂涂层系统的工程应用，针对其在DBA下的可靠性及评估方法进行了研究。研究表明：在DBA下非能动核电厂安全相关涂层的可靠性要综合考虑涂层的模拟DBA性能、干膜密度、导热性能等。而非能动核电厂安全相关涂层工程应用，则需从涂层的模拟DBA性能、干膜密度、导热性能、涂层碎片（数量、大小、位置和性能等）以及包络涂层碎片后的碎片裕量等角度进行综合评估，以确定在事故工况下涂层的可靠性，不对系统安全产生影响，保证核电厂更安全、高效和经济性运行。     

核电厂危险化学品使用及贮存设施设计

核电厂的运行和检修过程用到多种化学品,其中一部分属于危险化学品. 核电厂中,危险化学品安全与核安全不直接相关,但其危害可能会与核安全叠加,从而将危害放大,因此核电厂危险化学品的设计和管理非常重要. 以二代改进型的M310压水堆核电厂为例,结合多个机组的设计实践,对核电厂中的危险化学品进行分析,并对主要危险化学品贮存设施的设计和管理进行论述. 经辨识,核电厂贮存使用的危险化学品不属于重大危险源;贮存设施设计方案严格按照标准规范执行,结合核电厂的特点设计足够的安全措施,措施完备并满足危险化学品日益严格的监管要求,保证了核电厂内的危险化学品的安全.     

核电厂聚乙烯管道设计方法及标准简介

随着聚乙烯管道在三门核电厂、大亚湾核电厂中的试应用成功,大量的新建核电厂及核电厂改造项目均将聚乙烯管道作为海水冷却水管道系统的首选管材,自主研制核电厂聚乙烯管技术标准迫在眉睫。本文介绍了核电聚乙烯管道的发展历史和应用现状,对比了核安全3级聚乙烯管道和非核安全相关聚乙烯管道、城市燃气与给水聚乙烯管道技术标准的设计方法及适用范围,探讨了中国目前聚乙烯管技术标准与核3级聚乙烯管道技术标准的差异与差距,为核电厂聚乙烯管道的设计制造与标准研制提供参考。     

阀门含杂质流体试验方法研究

核电厂在设计时需要考虑各种事故工况,并在设计中采取相关措施将事故风险控制在可接受范围内。因事故后堆芯衰变热的存在,核电厂仍需保持一回路的运行以便排出衰变热,事故后的一回路冷却水存在各种杂质,可能会造成设备和阀门的堵塞,进而造成堆芯余热无法排出,因而在设备和阀门安装需要进行一系列的理论及试验验证。本文介绍了一种核电站阀门含杂质流体试验工艺流程和试验方法,分析了阀门含杂质流体试验系统用工艺和测量控制,给出了阀门含杂质流体的一种工艺流程和试验方法。     

SPPID 在化工项目应用中的探讨

在简要介绍SPPID软件的基础上,分析了SPPID在化工项目实际应用中的优缺点及如何在化工设计中更好地实施智能SPPID系统。作为在P＆amp;ID整个生命周期中的数据中心和规则基础, SPPID可帮助用户改进设计质量、提高数据的一致性及标准的统一性。项目实践证明,因能快速访问支持工程数据, SPPID显著节约了设计和修改时间,提高了设计准确度, SPPID的推广必将推动化工设计向数字化、集成化发展的趋势。     

SPPID在化工项目应用中的探讨

在简要介绍SPPID软件的基础上,分析了SPPID在化工项目实际应用中的优缺点及如何在化工设计中更好地实施智能SPPID系统。作为在P&ID整个生命周期中的数据中心和规则基础,SPPID可帮助用户改进设计质量、提高数据的一致性及标准的统一性。项目实践证明,因能快速访问支持工程数据,SPPID显著节约了设计和修改时间,提高了设计准确度,SPPID的推广必将推动化工设计向数字化、集成化发展的趋势。     

基于GB150的废液冷却器设备设计

所设计的废液冷却器应用在某核电厂工程2号机组的废液冷却，其管侧和壳侧分别承受0.4MPa和1.0MPa的压力，一旦失效其危害性较大。通过GB150《钢制压力容器》对该设备的材料、设计、制造、检验提出了具体的要求，以确保该设备安全稳定运行。     

人血蛋白制剂的生产技术及工艺设计

本文简要介绍了人血蛋白制剂及其生产技术的发展概况，对生产制剂的厂房如何按照ＧＭＰ要求进行设计作了描述；从传递工程的角度对蛋白制剂生产的主体设备分层罐长径比、搅拌型式等进行了设计分析。     

人因工程设计在工程项目中的应用探讨

本文通过人因工程(Human Fact Engineering,简称HFE)设计概念的描述,HFE设计原则中重要的内容以及在工程项目设计中的应用及问题分析,有效地阐述了HFE设计在工程项目设计的重要性,为后续工程项目HFE设计提供借鉴.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。