天然气管道用直通球阀的开裂原因分析

某天然气管道用直通球阀卡套螺母在服役期间发生开裂。采用宏观观察、断口分析、腐蚀产物分析、化学成分分析、显微组织分析等方法对该卡套螺母的开裂原因进行了分析,并进行了热模拟试验及晶间腐蚀试验。结果表明:化学成分不合格和固溶处理不充分是卡套螺母开裂的主要原因;大量非金属夹杂物的存在导致电化学腐蚀,是卡套螺母开裂的次要原因。     

HB4-49收紧螺母开裂原因

通过理化检验、仿真分析和装配拧紧试验等方法，对HB4-49收紧螺母的开裂性质和原因进行了分析。结果表明：该螺母开裂的原因为拧紧力矩过大。     

7A04模锻螺母开裂原因分析

通过化学成分分析、硬度测试、宏观及微观检验对某螺母螺纹根部出现开裂的原因进行了分析。结果表明:螺母开裂的原因是其存在设计缺陷,即退刀槽设计为模锻件的分模面,致使关键部位螺纹根部存在非锻造组织而使强度弱化。     

调整螺母裂纹成因分析

调整螺母在调质处理后探伤时发现有裂纹,采用宏观检验、化学成分分析、金相检验等方法对其开裂原因进行了分析。结果表明：该批调整螺母开裂是由于明显的带状偏析和较多的夹杂物引起的淬火裂纹,同时由于回火温度过高,使得裂纹两侧脱碳出现网状铁素体。     

杯形螺母表面开裂分析

对开裂杯形螺母的力学性能和化学成分进行了检验分析,并进行了工艺试验。结果表明,毛坯尺寸偏短是造成开裂的主要原因。提出了改进措施。     

GH2036螺母开裂原因分析

某批GH2036螺母在使用过程中,有8件的表面出现了开裂现象。通过宏观观察、金相检验、硬度测试、断口分析等方法,确定了螺母开裂的原因。结果表明:该批零件局部区域存在大量呈带状分布的球型夹杂物,球型夹杂物的类型为含锰、硅和氧的硅酸盐型夹杂物,由于夹杂物的存在,破坏了材料的连续性,降低了材料的强度,同时由于夹杂物与基体之间变形速率的差异,导致了裂纹在棒材成型过程中的扩展,最后在外力的作用下发生了开裂。     

醋酸环境下的钛合金腐蚀分析

本文针对化工厂醋酸装置用钛合金设备的腐蚀和断裂原因进行了分析,从实验的结果来看,钛合金螺母断裂为应力腐蚀开裂所致,而在还原性缺氧以及副反应中有氢生成的情况下,会出现点蚀和严重的整体腐蚀,在该环境中采用增厚钛合金表面氧化层的方法并不能有效解决腐蚀问题。     

螺杆螺母传动机构设计方式探究

在产品设计中需要转动、移动,螺旋传动是实现此种方式的有效模式。螺旋传动主要就是通过螺杆以及螺母构成,论述螺杆螺母传动机构的设计模式与手段,可以提升二者的配精密度,降低运行过程中产生的噪声问题。基于此,该文主要分析了螺杆螺母传动机构的作用,了解了螺杆与螺母传动类型,探究了螺杆螺母传动机构的设计方式与手段,仅供参考。     

基于锚杆构件振动响应特征的锚杆轴力无损检测方法EI北大核心CSCD

锚杆轴力测量对评价围岩稳定性具有重要意义。采用接触力学理论建立了锚杆构件振动频率与锚杆轴力关系模型,开展了锚杆锚固系统振动试验。通过采集螺母和托盘的振动响应信号,对不同受力条件下螺母和托盘的非线性振动特性进行了分析,获得了螺母和托盘振动频率与轴力关系;提出了基于螺母和托盘非线性振动特性的实时轴力无损检测方法。试验结果表明:随着锚杆轴力增加,螺母和托盘振动频率呈非线性增加,螺母频率大于托盘,托盘频率的增长率大于螺母;且二者振动频率增长趋势与轴力大小均为单值映射关系,通过测量螺母和托盘的振动频率可以实现锚杆轴力的无损检测。     

17-4PH不锈钢高锁螺母裂纹产生的原因

在17-4PH不锈钢高锁螺母的加工过程中，发现其螺纹部位有裂纹产生。采用微观观察、加工工艺分析、挤压过程分析等方法研究了该螺母裂纹产生的原因。结果表明：裂纹是在挤压过程中产生的，挤压前坯料硬度偏高、挤压变形量偏大，使材料的塑性及心部流动性变差，最终导致螺母心部产生裂纹。对挤压前的坯料进行双重退火处理，可以避免螺母在加工过程中产生裂纹。     

普通螺母及自锁螺母对螺栓标定特征曲线的影响

采用纵波法并使用自制的内螺纹夹具,分别选择普通螺母和自锁螺母来标定螺栓,通过不同的拧紧策略和标定方法,分析普通螺母和自锁螺母标定螺栓特征曲线的差异.结果表明:采用普通螺母和自锁螺母标定螺栓因方法不同会获得不同的标定特征曲线,自锁螺母的锁紧扭矩使螺栓温度升高导致超声波声时差增加,因此获得的标定特征曲线会平行右移.     

Case Study: Analysis of Corrosion Patterns to Evaluate the Preaccident Configuration of an ATV Tie Rod End Connection

A forensic investigation was performed on an ATV that was involved in an accident in which the vehicle struck a tree. Postaccident, the front knuckle/tie rod end connection was found to be loose. The prevailing torque nut was found positioned at the end of the tie rod end bolt such that there was a gap between the face of the nut and the knuckle. The subject nut exhibits machining asperities that resulted from close contact with the knuckle face. EDS analysis of the corrosion product ring on the knuckle face revealed the corrosion product was zinc oxide, which had formed due to galvanic corrosion between the galvanized nut and the carbon steel knuckle. Scuffing patterns on the nut, wear patterns on the bolt, and lack of damage to the knuckle corrosion ring confirmed that the nut could not have loosened from the as-manufactured position to the postaccident position. No viable nut loosening mechanism was identified other than deliberate, manual manipulation.     

Experimental results and finite-element predictions of the effect of nut geometry, washer and Teflon tape on the fatigue life of bolts

The effect of nut geometry, curved spring washer and a sealing material (Teflon tape) on the fatigue life of M12 and M16 ISO bolts was investigated. This was accompanied by the study of the axial and bending stress distribution in threads by numerical simulation of bolt and nut connections using the finite‐element method. The experimental results showed that the highest fatigue life is achieved for a slotted tapered nut. The presence of a spring washer also increases the fatigue life, providing that the correct tightening torque is applied to produce a pretension in the bolt. The use of Teflon tape as a filling material between engaging threads of the bolt and nut is shown to significantly increase the fatigue life. On the whole, the highest fatigue life is obtained for a slotted tapered nut using washer. Four fracture mechanisms were observed for bolt–nut connections during the fatigue tests.     

Experimentation on solvent extraction of polyphenols from natural waste

The main commercial product of the cashew tree is the cashew apple and nut. Cashew nut is regarded as lost crop in the content of agricultural produce of India despite its industrial and export potentials. After separation of nut from the cashew fruit, the nut shell is disposed into the environment and this is acting as a waste. The nut shell containing a dark reddish brown viscous liquid is called cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) and consists of 70% anacardic acid (polyphenol), 18% cardol, and 5% cardanol. This waste material is having twofold advantages: CNSL is a low-cost phenol, which is having many industrial applications and after extraction of CNSL from the shell, the shell is acting as a fuel for many boilers. Cashew nut shell liquid was extracted from cashew nut shell by indirect leaching process using soxhlet extraction equipment. Different solvents were used in the extraction of CNSL from the cashew nut shell (CNS) and a comparison was made between them. Among all the solvents acetone gives more amounts of CNSL and its properties rely with the industrial CNSL. The operating conditions for the extraction were 60 °C and 1 atm; in every 25 g of cashew nut shell used for the extraction, 8.75 g CNSL was obtained. The CNSL was further separated into cardol, cardanol, and anacardic acid (polyphenol) using an extractant, ammonium hydroxide, with the aid of mechanical shaker equipment. Subsequently, the polyphenol was further separated into dihydric phenols (resorcinol) and monohydric phenol (phenol).     

Development of an anti-loosening fastener and comparing its performance with different other threaded fasteners

Threaded fasteners are widely used for temporary joining of different components that require occasional disassembling. However, threaded fasteners may have the problem of loosening under vibrating conditions, which may lead to decreasing clamping force and, thereby, a system failure. In the present experimental investigation, anti-loosening ability of various fastening elements, such as conventional nut, nylock nut, flat washer, spring washer, inside and outside serrated washer, is tested with a conventional M16 high-tension steel bolt. A hybrid double nut is used to clamp the plates in which a conventional nut is used to tighten first, and one nylock nut is then placed at the outer side for further tightening. An adhesive-bonded nut is also tested, where an adhesive is placed between bolt and nut threads. All these fasteners are tested in terms of their loosening characteristics. Accelerated vibrating conditions are used for the test on an indigenously made test rig. A split bolt with taper pin is introduced for the first time to reduce loosening of fasteners. The split bolt with taper pin shows considerably good anti-loosening property compared with other threaded fasteners tested in this work.     

航天器结构用不同材质的侧面销钉和螺母组件的耐蚀性能研究

目的 针对航天器结构用不同材质的侧面销钉和螺母组件在实际的使用工况下极易出现腐蚀与咬死的问题,对不同材质的侧面销钉和螺母组件的耐蚀性能进行研究。方法 分别在高量级腐蚀条件和低量级腐蚀条件下,采用重复拧紧试验方法,对侧面销钉和螺母开展耐腐蚀性能、防咬死性能研究。结果 在高量级腐蚀条件下,无表面处理的30CrMnSiA侧面销钉+TC4螺母组件在经历12 h腐蚀试验后,其表面发生了100%的腐蚀;经历过重复拧紧试验的30CrMnSiA（表面镀镍）侧面销钉+TC4螺母组件,在经历12h腐蚀试验后,其表面腐蚀面积>50%;未经历重复拧紧试验的30CrMnSiA（表面镀镍）侧面销钉+TC4螺母组件,在经历12 h腐蚀试验后,其腐蚀面积约为25%～50%。在低量级腐蚀条件下,经历重复拧紧试验和未经历重复拧紧试验的30CrMnSiA（表面镀镍）侧面销钉+TC4螺母组件均未发生表面腐蚀,而30CrMnSiA（无镀镍）侧面销钉+TC4螺母组件的腐蚀面积为25%～50%。镀镍处理可以显著提高30CrMnSiA侧面销钉的耐腐蚀性能。结论 经过镀镍表面处理的30CrMnSiA侧面销钉比经过表面钝化处理的1...     

壳聚糖结合脱氢乙酸钠涂膜对槟榔品质的影响

目的以槟榔为实验材料,基于气调贮藏(O2和CO2的体积分数均为4%)技术,探究壳聚糖结合脱氢乙酸钠涂膜对槟榔的保鲜效果。方法采用不同质量分数壳聚糖溶液(0,0.5%,1.0%,1.5%)结合质量浓度为50 mg/L的脱氢乙酸钠对槟榔进行涂膜,测定其在气调贮藏期间对槟榔感官品质、腐烂率、营养品质的影响。结果涂膜后的槟榔各项品质显著优于未涂膜槟榔。结论经壳聚糖(0.5%)/脱氢乙酸钠(50 mg/L)涂膜后的槟榔在贮藏期30 d内能保持良好的品质,能延缓果皮变黄。     

常温下MAP对红松仁酸价的影响

研究常温下MAP对红松籽油酸价的影响,为松仁的科学贮藏提供技术参考。研究结果表明MAP可以较好地抑制松仁的酸败,有利于保持松仁的贮藏品质,其中充入100%N2和100%CO2气体的试样在贮藏期间其酸价的变化相对一致,效果相对其他充气方式较好,建议在常温贮藏中使用。     

水表连接黄铜螺母断裂分析

居民住宅内与水表连接的黄铜螺母发生断裂,造成管路泄漏.采用宏、微观检验方法对失效螺母进行了分析.结果表明,黄铜材料中含有较多的铅,使金属基体脆化并在晶界上存在脆性共晶体网膜,加上金属中还存在孔洞、缩松等铸造缺陷,是造成螺母断裂的主要原因.