浅析真空系统对膨化硝铵炸药的影响

本文主要对膨化硝铵炸药的真空系统的影响因素进行分析,针对膨化硝铵炸药真空系统低,不稳定,造成膨化效果较差、水份高,等因素进行了分析改进;改进后膨化真空系统真空度较为稳定,膨化硝铵炸药产品的性能得到了提高,产品稳定,而且节约了能源。     

一种提高膨化硝铵炸药作功能力的方法

应用膨化硝酸铵作氧化剂、木粉和复合油相作可燃剂、无机物或有机物作添加物制备了具有较大作功能力的膨化硝铵炸药.研究表明,这种硝铵炸药不仅作功能力大,而且炸药的装药密度高,其主要的爆炸性能基本没有变化.该方法是完善膨化硝铵炸药性能较好的方法之一.     

提高岩石膨化硝铵炸药装药密度的几种措施

文章分析了影响岩石膨化硝铵炸药装药密度的主要因素,对如何提高岩石膨化硝铵炸药装药密度进行了探讨,提出了几种改进措施.     

膨化硝铵炸药爆温的理论计算分析

运用B-W法确定膨化硝铵炸药的爆炸反应方程式,用盖斯定律计算定容爆热,用加权法计算爆炸产物的摩尔定容热容,研究计算得出露天膨化硝铵炸药、岩石膨化硝铵炸药、一级、二级煤矿许用膨化硝铵炸药的爆温依次为2722 K、2 771K、2544K和2 486 K.同时计算分析了复合油相中不同的石蜡与柴油的混合比例对岩石膨化硝铵炸药...     

浅谈秸秆粉在膨化硝铵炸药中的应用

秸秆在农田随处可见,且经常被农民大面积的焚烧,既污染了环境,又浪费了资源。通过理论分析并结合生产实际,从秸秆粉的理化特性、膨化硝铵炸药的配方设计及生产工艺等方面提出秸秆粉作为膨化硝铵炸药的一种组分,可替代木粉在膨化硝铵炸药中的物理敏化作用。通过秸秆粉与木粉在膨化硝铵炸药性能中的对比试验研究,得出秸秆粉在膨化硝铵炸药中更有利于提高炸药的爆轰性能、更有利于炸药生产工艺的稳定、更有利于炸药生产的环保与节能降耗。     

膨化硝铵炸药生产过程中的安全技术

膨化硝铵炸药是采用膨化硝酸铵替代普通硝酸铵制造的一类新型硝铵炸药.膨化硝酸铵的制造是膨化硝铵炸药生产中独有的工序.对其生产过程进行安全分析,并提出相应的安全技术.     

浅谈提高岩石膨化硝铵炸药密度的方法

由于膨化硝酸铵具有大量的敏化微气泡,使岩石膨化硝铵炸药的密度降低,相应的单位体积装药量少,炮孔的利用率低。文章从岩石膨化硝铵炸药的组成及生产工艺入手,对提高岩石膨化硝铵炸药密度的一些常见方法进行了探讨。添加的材料A具有原料来源广,价格与硝酸铵相当,加入工艺简单,可实现连续化生产,生产过程安全性好,能显著提高岩石膨化硝铵炸药密度等特点。     

膨化硝铵炸药堆积密度控制方法

对膨化硝铵炸药堆积密度的影响因素进行了分析和试验研究,试验结果表明硝酸铵水溶液析晶点、膨化剂添加量和真空度都影响膨化硝铵炸药堆积密度。在实际生产中,可通过检测膨化硝铵炸药堆积密度的方法来控制产品质量。     

膨化硝酸铵和膨化硝铵炸药的创新与发展

膨化硝铵炸药的低成本,高效率,无毒性,优性能使其得到了广泛的推广和应用。该文综合叙述了膨化硝铵炸药近期的研究状况和发展趋势。其中包括;第二代膨化剂,果林爆破具,系列化产品,功能添加剂;提出了“乳化炸药－膨乳炸药－膨化炸药”的新型产品结构,开发了“先混合后膨化”所获得的第二代膨化硝铵炸药,明确了先进生产技术的发展方向。     

提高岩石膨化硝铵炸药的堆积密度研究

文章通过对影响膨化硝铵炸药产品性能的配方、膨化硝酸铵密度等因素的研究,分析了影响膨化硝酸铵密度和颗粒尺寸分布的真空度、膨化剂、硝铵浓度、溶液温度、设备等关键因素,结合连续化工艺设备特点,提出了一些提高膨化硝铵炸药堆积密度的方法,以达到改善炸药体积威力的目标。     

Some observations on element performance in isochoric and dilatant plastic flow

The performance of finite elements is scrutinized in isochoric and dilatant/contractant plastic flow. Standard displacement based elements, uniformly and selectively integrated elements, and elements with augmented strain rate fields are considered in plane-strain, axisymmetric and three-dimensional configurations with particular reference to the kinematic constraint imposed by dilatant/contractant plastic flow. It turns out that findings for isochoric deformations do not necessarily carry over to cases with plastic dilatancy or contraction. For the elements with augmented strain rate fields the danger of spurious mechanisms in ideal plasticity is brought out. A particular strategy which augments only the normal strain rates at the expense of a lesser improvement for the bending behaviour does not suffer from the possibility of spurious modes, while preserving the ability to accommodate dilatant/contractant plastic flow. Illustrative examples on plane-strain, axisymmetry and three-dimensional structures are included which support the above findings.     

Plane strain asymptotic fields for cracks terminating at the interface between elastic and pressure-sensitive dilatant materials

The plane strain asymptotic fields for cracks terminating at the interface between elastic and pressure-sensitive dilatant material are investigated in this paper. Applying the stress-strain relation for the pressure-sensitive dilatant material, we have obtained an exact asymptotic solution for the plane strain tip fields for two types of cracks, one of which lies in the pressure-sensitive dilatant material and the other in the elastic material and their tips touch both the bimaterial interface. In cases, numerical results show that the singularity and the angular variations of the fields obtained depend on the material hardening exponent n, the pressure sensitivity parameter μ and geometrical parameter λ. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Discussion influence of yield surface curvature on flow localization in dilatant plasticity

The results of finite element calculations for a hollow sphere micromodel are used to examine the underlying assumptions and the specific yield functions in the dilatant plasticity theories of Gurson (1977) and Mear and Hutchinson     

嵌入桥体的分洪闸拆除爆破

介绍了某复杂环境下分洪闸的控制爆破拆除的爆破方案、爆破参数及对爆破进行的实时振动监测,并进行了爆破效果的分析.     

17层综合办公大楼定向爆破拆除

用定向控制爆破拆除 17层钢筋混凝土框架结构综合办公大楼。文中介绍了爆破方案、预处理 ,以及预处理后楼体稳定性的校核 ;较详细地论述了爆破部位、破坏高度和破坏程度以及倾倒可靠性校核 ;此外 ,还介绍了炮孔和装药参数、炮孔布置、装药结构、起爆网路和起爆顺序、爆破安全性分析和采取的其它安全措施     

内河航道水下炸礁钻孔爆破技术研究

水下炸礁是工程爆破的重要组成部分,但是其施工的周边环境复杂、爆破技术难度较大、受河水影响控制较难。为解决水下钻孔爆破施工的困难,以施怡滩水下炸礁工程为背景,仔细梳理该工程项目的周边环境、水下礁石特性等情况,通过探索水下炸礁施工过程中的关键技术,精细设计孔网参数等方法,顺利实施水下礁石爆破。结果表明施怡滩水下炸礁取得了良好的爆破效果,并对周边民用建筑未造成有害的影响,爆破孔网参数可为其他类似的水下炸礁爆破工程提供一定的参考和借鉴。     

Waves of dilatancy in a granular material with incompressible granules

As a densely packed granular material begins to flow through a constriction, dilatant waves are often observed. These waves initiate at the constriction and propagate outward into the granular material with an increase in the porosity of the material behind the wave front. As a model for dilatant waves, we consider curved waves carrying a jump in the gradient of porosity in the context of the continuum theory for the flow of granular materials presented by Goodman and Cowin. Their speed of propagation is determined and it is shown that such waves carry a jump in the stress acting on planes transverse to their direction of propagation. For the case when a wave of dilatancy propagates into a uniform region at rest, an explicit formula for the amplitude of the wave is derived for waves of general shape and then specialized to give results for plane, cylindrical, and spherical waves. In this case, the wave is purely longitudinal.     

巡检司电厂除灰中心站的爆破拆除

被拆除的除灰中心站爆破环境非常复杂,采用毫秒微差爆破和预处理措施,确保了除灰中心站的顺利倒塌和周围建筑物的绝对安全.介绍了该次爆破的爆破方案选择、爆破参数、安全防护技术及爆破效果.     

复杂环境下铁路路堑爆破开挖安全技术研究

为了确保既有铁路线和民房密集区域爆破作业的施工安全,需要着重控制爆破有害效应。结合位于湖南张家界禾家村站东侧的路堑山体爆破开挖工程,探讨了周边民房、铁路路基、铁路边坡的爆破振动控制标准,并从爆破技术和防护等方面对控制爆破振动、爆破飞石及爆破冲击波进行了研究,采取调整爆破自由面方向、预留部分山体不爆破、预裂爆破、逐孔起爆等技术,降低了爆破有害效应。为准确预报后续爆破振动,每次爆破都进行振动监测,并根据实测结果预测下一次爆破的振动值,及时调整段药量,优化爆破参数。爆破效果表明,本工程研究提出的安全技术措施确保了既有铁路线的正常运行及周边民房、居民的安全,可为类似工程提供借鉴。