共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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声学超表面是一种能够调节声波反射、透射和吸收特性的超薄人工结构,对于空间受限的应用领域具有重要价值,目前声学超表面主要借助超构材料来实现。提出一种非超构材料的新型声学超表面,采用单向纤维周期复合材料对声波进行调制,实现了声波的定向反射调控。借助复合材料细观力学方法,采用均匀化理论和优化方法设计周期复合材料单胞的组分,使单胞具有特定的等效力学性能与声学性能,并满足特性阻抗匹配,从而形成超表面所需的声速梯度分布。通过能带分析获得了单胞纵波波速与频率的关系,显示出复合材料超表面的宽频特性。定向反射仿真展示了复合材料超表面操控声波的有效性,并验证了对于垂直入射声波纵波是影响波控性能的主要因素。研究工作为声学超表面及其他声学波控装置的设计提供了一种新途径。 相似文献
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声学超表面具有天然材料所不具备的独特属性,为声学器件的设计提供了多样性。以广义斯涅尔定律为理论基础,设计了具有多种声波调控能力的折射型相位梯度超表面。该超表面由8个具有不同结构参数的卷曲空间单元结构组合而成,在中心频率3 500 Hz附近,8个单元结构的相位覆盖π范围且声波透射率较高。通过合理地设计超表面水平方向上的相位梯度变化,能够实现对声波的任意调控,在理论和有限元仿真上依次实现了异常折射、无衍射贝塞尔声束和声聚焦。这种厚度薄、透射率高的声超表面,在声学器件设计方面具有潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
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作为一种人工微纳器件,超表面能够对光束的传播和相位进行精确的调控。具有不同偏振矢量特性的涡旋光束具有独特的光场分布特性,利用超表面生成复杂状态的矢量涡旋光场具有越来越广泛的研究前景。本文针对产生矢量涡旋光束超表面的材料进行分类,介绍了金属超表面、全介质超表面和智能超表面在矢量涡旋光束生成和调控方面的研究进展。我们详细阐述了超表面利用不同相位理论对入射波前调制的原理和超表面生成的不同矢量涡旋光束的特性,并探讨了这两者之间的联系。此外,我们总结了利用超表面代替传统光学器件生成矢量涡旋光束的优势,并展望了未来利用不同材料的超表面进行矢量光场调控研究方面的挑战和可能性。 相似文献
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对反射声波的复杂操控是声学研究的基础问题之一,并广泛应用于房间声学设计及噪声能量消除等重要场合。近年来出现的声学超表面为声学功能器件的小型化提供了新的启示,因此如何进一步缩减其尺寸和重量具有重要的物理意义与应用价值。展示了一种轻薄超表面结构对低频空气声波所产生反射声场的高效、精准操控。通过理论计算证明了利用简单的扁平中空结构,可在不显著牺牲能量反射率及结构强度的前提下,通过调控单个结构参数产生0~2π范围内的反射相位,同时避免了制备难度高和增加器件重量的复杂内部结构,因此具有尺寸超薄(λ0/20)、重量轻盈、反射率高及制备简单等优势。通过实现任意角度的异常反射、基于超薄平面透镜的可调声聚焦、构建平面棱锥镜产生类贝塞尔声束3个典型例子展示了该器件对反射声波的丰富操控性能。实现基于轻薄超表面对反射声场的操控,有助于新型平面声学器件的研究与应用,并有望在建筑声学、噪声控制、扬声器设计等领域中产生重要价值。 相似文献
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Acoustic metamaterials (AMs) for sound wave manipulation have attracted significant attention due to their fascinating functionalities, such as anomalous reflection/refraction, acoustic cloaking, sound absorption, acoustic imaging, etc. The acoustic phase-gradient metamaterials possess the capability of wavefront manipulation, thus, are fundamental to designing these fascinating functionalities. The underlying mechanism is controlling the acoustic responses (the phase and/or amplitude) of the units by varying the parameters so that one can redirect the wavefront in the desired manner. In this article, we review the state-of-the-art on development of phase-gradient metamaterials for wavefront manipulation. The governing principles of the phase-gradient metamaterials for wave control in static and moving media are first introduced. Then, according to the unit type, the phase-gradient metamaterials are roughly classified into three categories: the locally resonant structures, the space-coiling structures and the material-filling structures. Afterwards, three representative functionalities of the gradient metamaterials are reviewed, including acoustic cloaking, sound absorption/isolation and acoustic lens. Finally, the limitations of present metamaterials and possible future directions for development are concluded. 相似文献
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基于超薄平面型超声超表面构建了超声束定向发射器件,利用有限元仿真验证了声束定向发射的高效性和采用不同单元结构配置时定向发射效果的高鲁棒性。所设计的超表面器件由结构单元周期性排列而成,在保持结构周期性不变的条件下,尽管结构单元几何形状呈随机分布、或者结构中存在几何缺陷,但仍可有效地保持声束定向发射的良好性能。基于超声超表面的超声束定向发射器件具有结构设计简单、定向准确性高、灵活性强、适用范围广等优点,在工业无损检测、水下探测、医学超声工程等领域具有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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Lei Tong Zhu Xiong Ya-Xi Shen Yu-Gui Peng Xin-Yu Huang Lei Ye Ming Tang Fei-Yan Cai Hai-Rong Zheng Jian-Bin Xu Gary J. Cheng Xue-Feng Zhu 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(37):2002251
Acoustic metamaterials with artificial microstructures are attractive to realize intriguing functions, including efficient waveguiding, which requires large impedance mismatches to realize total side reflection with negligible transmission and absorption. While large impedance mismatch can be readily realized in an air environment, acoustic waveguiding in an underwater environment remains elusive due to insufficient impedance mismatch of state-of-the-art metamaterials. Here, a superhydrophobic acoustic metasurface of microstructured poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane, referred to as a “meta-skin” insulator, which is able to confine acoustic waves in an all-angle and wide spectrum range due to tremendous impedance mismatch at stable air/water interfaces, viz., the Cassie–Baxter state is demonstrated. By utilizing the meta-skin insulator with broadband and high throughput, orbital-angular-momentum multiplexing at a high spectral efficiency and binary coding along large-angle bending channels for bit-error-free acoustic data transmission in an underwater environment are demonstrated. Very different from optical and/or electrical cable communications, acoustic waves can be simply and effectively coupled into remote meta-skin acoustic fibers from free space, which is technologically significant for long-haul and anti-interference communication. This work can enlighten many fluidic applications based on efficient waveguiding, such as in vivo ultrasound medical treatment and imaging. 相似文献