磁力清管器在管道清洗中的应用

通过分析“抚顺-营口”管线漏磁腐蚀检测器的模拟器卡堵的原因,提出采用磁力清管器的解决方案,清洗干净了整条管线,解决了管道中由于铁磁物质造成的清管器卡堵的问题。     

清管器中的信号发射装置电路设计

为了监测清管器在管线内卡堵位置,在清管器上加装电子信号发射装置,向外界发出电磁脉冲信号。为了克服所发出的信号频率不稳定、节拍通断时间分散性大等缺陷,对发射装置结构、发射装置内部电路、程序等都有严格特殊要求。经过深入的理论研究和测试,制造出了试验样机,该样机圆满的通过了多种环境下的试验并取得了良好的效果。     

原油管道清洗工程中清洗技术的综合运用

本文通过一个典型工程的施工,分别介绍了管道清洗技术中的清管器技术、高压水射流技术及其各自的主要特点.这些技术的综合运用保证了工程的按期按质完成,以及良好的施工效果.     

清管器(Pig)清洗技术

文章对清管器的结构。性能、应用特点进行了全面分析,并对它在输水管、输油管及工业管线清洗中的应用情况做了具体介绍     

导航接收机跟踪环路电磁干扰的预测方法研究

针对复杂战场电磁环境下,导航接收机因电磁干扰而引起内部卫星跟踪丢失的现象,该文研究了导航接收机跟踪环路在面临带内和带外双频干扰时的效应预测模型。通过对接收机射频前端的阻塞机理分析,以矢量分析的方法推导了射频前端信号的增益公式,并结合接收机跟踪环路相关处理的过程,得到了带外和带内双频干扰下的效应预测模型。之后以载噪比门限值为失锁判据,开展了双频干扰效应试验,试验结果表明上述模型能够对接收机内部卫星跟踪的状态进行预测,预测误差小于±1 dB,且对于窄带和宽带干扰信号同样适用。     

矢量跟踪算法在抗远近效应中的应用

针对室内伪卫星独立定位系统中由于远近效应而导致跟踪环路失锁甚至定位失败的问题,提出了一种有效抑制远近效应的算法矢量跟踪环路（VTL）算法。通过分析 VTL 环路结构,建立了线性化的系统模型,并推导了详细的工作流程。VTL 以定位误差为状态量,以伪距、伪距率误差为观测量,结合更新后的定位结果,得到稳定的环路跟踪输入。仿真对比分析了标量跟踪环路（STL）和矢量跟踪环路对中断信号的持续跟踪性能。搭建了室内伪卫星独立定位系统,将采集到的中频信号在 VTL 软件接收机中进行定位解算,实验结果证明VTL 相对于STL 可以有效地抑制远近效应。     

基于FPGA的卫星导航高精度定位系统设计

针对影响高精度定位的L2信号测量困难、存在多径效应等问题,分别利用Z跟踪法、MEDLL算法和改进的环路设计实现了载波相位的高精度测量;针对卫星导航（GNSS）接收机调试过程中环路参数多、不易观测等问题,设计了一种基带和定位部分的软件调试监测系统。高精度接收机和调试监测系统共同组成了卫星导航高精度定位系统。对该系统的测试结果表明,高精度接收机性能较好,精度在1cm范围内;调试监测系统达到了辅助硬件程序调试和数据监测的目的。     

车载GPS组合导航与定位系统研究

对于车辆导航来说，跟踪卫星的信号常常由于建筑物及树木等的遮挡而中断，因此，ＧＰＳ不能象在航空和海上那样确保ＧＰＳ接收机能连续、准确地进行实时导航与定位。为此，本文详细介绍了作者开发、研制的由ＧＰＳ接收机、速率陀螺仪和里程表组成的ＧＰＳ／惯性组合导航与定位系统的设计原理及测试分析结果。初步试验结果验证了该系统具有良好的导航与定位性能。     

舰载ESM接收机适应复杂电磁环境对策探讨

分析了舰载电子支援措施（ESM）接收机面临的复杂电磁环境的特点,阐述了传统体制接收机的电磁环境适应性,探讨了改进舰载ESM接收机对复杂电磁环境适应能力的措施。     

海战场复杂电磁环境对舰载雷达侦察机的影响及措施分析

针对现代战争中海战场复杂电磁环境的特点,对舰载雷达侦察接收机技术体制、侦收方法及特点进行了描述,对复杂电磁环境下接收机受到的影响进行了分析,提出了舰载雷达侦察接收机适应复杂电磁环境的解决措施。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.