柔性化的产品开发工作流模型的研究

现有的工作流模型在支持非确定型业务和意外情况上存在着不同程度的局限性,为了提高产品开发工作流系统的动态适应性,提出了一种新的柔性化工作流模型ASD。文章给出了ASD的形式化定义,并在此基础上介绍了工作流系统的动态过程修改策略和工作流模型执行算法。     

A reflective infrastructure for workflow adaptability

We present a flexible framework that enables workflow systems to adapt to changing conditions. The model is designed to reveal key aspects of the tasks involved in representing and enacting business processes. These fundamental characteristics are identified as state, behaviour, distribution, coordination and enactment. By isolating such core concepts in a way that allows them to be varied, we open up the general process of task coordination and execution, allowing for extensions in a planned way. By suitable manipulation of each of these aspects, at the appropriate level, a workflow system may be extensively modified in a way that minimises the effect of such change upon other aspects of the system.     

动态工作流挖掘模型及算法研究

工作流挖掘是工作流再设计与分析的一项关键技术,目的在于从企业已有信息系统的日志记录中提取与实际应用相关的业务流程,从而提高工作流建模的客观性。从实际应用的角度出发,提出基于动态工作流网的挖掘模型,并设计了可行的算法。该算法从零日志开始,在工作流执行期间柔性地构建工作流模型和生成日志记录,动态生成工作流网,在很大程度上解决了常规挖掘方法在挖掘复杂结构效率低、准确性差、依赖完整的日志记录和不支持柔性工作流等方面的问题。算法的实用性在实际应用系统中得到了很好的证明。     

工作流管理系统异常处理的方法与层次

工作流技术在信息处理领域的应用越来越受到重视,但应用中环境和用户要求的不断发展和变化需要工作流管理系统具有灵活的处理能力,工作流系统的异常处理正是要解决这种不断要求的变化。文章介绍了工作流异常处理的应用范围,总结了不同的应用方法,从系统的角度提出了工作流未来的异常处理层次,并在研究可适应性工作流技术方面进行了探讨。     

柔性工作流管理系统建模与实现

本文分析了工作流管理系统柔性方面的具体要求,提出了一个柔性工作流系统的体系结构和工作流柔性建模方法。该方法在模型定义中加入过程元素,通过将活动分为静态过程和动态过程较好的满足了工作流系统的柔性要求。     

多Agent工作流管理系统中消息机制研究

Agent是一个具有感知能力、问题求解能力和与外界进行通讯能力的一个实体.将Agent技术结合到工作流管理中,非常适合构造结构复杂、灵活、智能的工作流管理系统.文章论述将多个Agent应用于工作流管理系统中,重点研究了多Agent消息机制以及在MS Windows COM 环境下的实现.     

一个OA系统中的工作流模型

研究了工作流技术在办公自动化系统中的应用,针对办公自动化系统的特点,结合LotusDomino,提出了一个通用的工作流模型,可以将应用逻辑分离出来。以这个工作流模型为基础进行设计的办公自动化系统灵活、易于维护和修改,具有更强的生命力。     

Using process-oriented, sequencing educational technologies: Some important pedagogical issues

In recent times, sequencing technologies are becoming increasingly used, both by the university and the industry sectors. In essence, these complex systems support sequencing of, and navigation through units of content. They come in two different types: SCORM-based and workflow-based systems. Current research efforts related to sequencing technologies concentrate mostly on technical issues, while the associated pedagogical issues remain unexplored.The main objective of this paper is to describe the most important pedagogical issues that need to be taken into account when implementing any type of sequencing educational technologies (either SCORM- or workflow-based). These issues were identified during an action-learning project related to the practical implementation of a workflow-based educational system. During the reflection phase of this project, these issues were then genarised, so they could be applied to any type of sequencing technology and in any application domain (teaching discipline). The paper describes how sequencing technology can be used to enable a more flexible learning experience (especially in terms of time and flexible learning pathways) and then proceeds with the detailed analysis of the associated pedagogical issues.     

群件系统工作流技术的实现研究

工作流技术是群件机制的重要组成部分,该文研究了群件系统中工作流技术的系统实现,并结合面向OA应用、集成群件各种资源的特点,参考WFMC制定的工作流产品实现参考模型、工作流参考模型,给出了一种群件中工作流管理的实现模型、过程定义元模型和数学模型等,它是进行详细系统设计的理论基础,这种模型可以保证系统功能的实现和与其他工作流管理系统的通讯。     

一种基于XML的工作流过程定义语言研究与应用

针对目前工作流过程描述语言灵活性不够的问题,从工作流系统的Web化以及适应异构应用环境角度出发,将工作流过程定义与工作流执行相分离,继承了WfMC的XPDL标准和XML的优点,提蹬了一种基于XML的工作流定义语言XML—WfPDL,并介绍了语言的设计思想、主要概念及实现的相关技术。最后,给出了利用该语言开发实现的一个网上审批软件系统。     

应用业务流程整合(BPI)方法设计供应链管理系统

目前供应链管理系统的建立存在着业务流程关系难以理顺,遗产系统和新的应用程序之间难以整合等诸多问题。因此,本文提出了应用业务流程整合(BPI)方法来设计供应链管理系统,该方法融合了工作流管理技术和企业应用集成(EAI)技术。为复杂巨型系统提供了一个高效率和高灵活性的方案。     

柔性化工作流系统的研究与实现

提出一种柔性化工作流的形式化定义，给出院 柔性化工作流系统模型和OA应用系统的实现，工作流柔性化设计提高了系统灵活性实用性。     

一个基于持续消息的分布式工作流管理模型

提出了一种新的分布式结构,在这个结构中,排除了工作流系统对一个集中式数据库的依赖,而是用持续消息的方法将与过程执行有关的信息存储起来,使过程的执行是完全分布式的,并且每个节点都是各自独立的。采用这种方式能增强对错误的恢复能力以及构造系统的灵活性和扩展性。     

Collaborative composition of processes in holonic manufacturing systems

Although it provides a flexible architecture to deal with changes and uncertainties, holonic manufacturing systems (HMS) also pose challenges in design and implementation. A challenge is to design a problem solving environment to guide the holons in HMS such that the decisions made by the individual holons as a whole collaboratively compose the production processes for the tasks. The objective of this paper is to propose a problem solving environment for the composition of minimal cost processes in HMS. Given a specific product type and due date, the problem is to dynamically compose a complete process in HMS to process the product by the due date. To achieve the objective, we combine multi-agent systems technology with Petri nets in this paper. We first propose architecture and a two-layer contract net protocol to describe the negotiation between order holons, product holons and resource holons in HMS. To determine whether it is feasible for a set product holons and resource holons to compose a process for an order holon, we propose Petri net models to capture the workflows and activities in product holons and resource holons, respectively. To optimize the cost in the composed manufacturing process, the concept of activity-based costing is adopted to assign the cost of the activities to Petri nets. The advantages of our design methodology include specification of workflows and resource activities with PNML to minimize the cost. To realize the two-layer contract net protocol relies on a mechanism for a holon to discover the services provided by other holons. We proposed a scheme for publication and discovery of holon services based on FIPA compliant multi-agent system platform. Based on the service publication and discovery scheme, interactions between holons with the two-layer contract net protocol can be realized. We develop a HMS system to solve the process composition problem.     

Supporting virtual enterprise systems using agent coordination

Open environments like the Internet or corporate intranets enable a large number of interested enterprises to access, filter, process and present information on an as-needed basis. These environments support modern applications, such as virtual enterprises and interorganisational workflow management systems, which involve a number of heterogeneous resources, services and processes. However, any execution of a virtual enterprise system would yield to disjoining and error-prone behaviour without appropriate techniques to coordinate the various business processes. This paper reports on the design and implementation of a flexible agent-based framework for supporting the coordination of virtual enterprises and workflow management systems. The paper also shows how an agent coordination infrastructure, which is explained by social constraints, can impact on the engineering of highly dynamic virtual enterprises and workflow management systems by presenting a simple case study.     

农业部政务办公系统——政府政务办公的完整实践

在农业部办公业务系统的应用实践中,笔者分析和解决遇到的一些实际应用问题。通过对工作流定义的认识和实践找到解决农业部办公业务系统的方法,从工作流的基本组成要素和基本设计要素的分析入手揭开工作流神秘的面纱。通过对工作流中基本属性,人、组织、规则和基本组成节点、节点连接的认识,从实践入手找到工作流最基本的组成的形态,在此基础上探索出流程设计的颗粒化理论。提出流程连接、流程交换、流程交换总线的理论,从根本上解决工作流在设计应用中不可避免出现的流程孤岛问题。建立以流程交换为基础,以流程交换总线为核心的工作流引擎,建立农业部办公业务系统中公文处理的流程模型。通过在农业部办公业务系统的最佳实践,用最简单的、最直接的流程设计理念诠释政府办公业务流程最基本的内在规律,以寻求打开农业部办公自动化大门的金钥匙。     

Evolutionary design of user interfaces for workflow information systems

In this paper we argue that user interface design should evolve from iterative to evolutionary in order to support the user interface development life cycle in a more flexible way. Evolutionary design consists of taking any input that informs to the lifecycle at any level of abstraction and its propagation through inferior and superior levels (vertical engineering) as well as the same level (horizontal engineering). This lifecycle is particularly appropriate when requirements are incomplete, partially unknown or to be discovered progressively. We exemplify this lifecycle by a methodology for developing user interfaces of workflow information systems. The methodology involves several models (i.e., task, process, workflow, domain, context of use) and steps. The methodology applies model-driven engineering to derive concrete user interfaces from a workflow model imported into a workflow management system in order to run the workflow. Instead of completing each model step by step, any model element is either derived from early requirements or collected in the appropriate model before being propagated in the subsequent steps. When more requirements are elicited, any new element is added at the appropriate level, consolidated with the already existing elements, and propagated to the subsequent levels. A workflow editor has been developed to support the methodology.     

工作流重构技术研究

先进的工作流技术与传统的企业管理信息系统相结合,日益成为提高企业信息化的一个重要手段。目前的工作流是基于模型驱动的,定义一个完整的模型是相当复杂和费时的;而且,实际业务流程同流程模型之间必然存在差异。本文介绍了工作流网,工作流日志的概念;提出了一种基于日志包含的信息来重构业务流程模型的算法,该算法还能处理日志中的干扰信息和有效地度量流程模型和实际业务流程之间的差异。     

基于动态结构的柔性工作流建模方法研究

柔性工作流能够快速灵活地适应企业业务流程的动态变化。在分析柔性工作流产生的原因和柔性工作流特性的基础上,详细描述了基于动态结构的柔性工作流的组成及其表示方法,提出了一种柔性工作流建模方法,结合基于Web的客户服务系统,给出了该柔性工作流建模方法的实例。     

分布式工作流中的柔性事务模型

描述了一种可以为分布式工作流提供事务支持的模型设计、并提出了一种柔性事务模型。给出了柔性事务的定义，然后描述了保证柔性事务被正确调度的可串行化正确性准则。该模型具有在多层工作流管理系统中处理分布式业务流程的能力。