基于VxWorks的NTP服务器的设计与实现

针对民航报文处理系统对时间同步的要求,采用VxWorks嵌入式操作系统,设计并实现了多工作模式的网络授时协议（NTP）服务器,建立了可靠的处理机制;并在网络授时协议的基础上,改进了广播模式实现算法和模式转换算法。最后通过测试对服务器的性能进行了评估。测试结果表明,基于VxWorks操作系统的网络授时协议服务器具有实时性好,稳定性高等优点。     

电网卫星驯服时钟的网络时间同步服务器设计

在分析网络时间同步协议的基础上,设计了一种ARM＋FPGA的网络时间同步服务器。研究了用卫星驯服时钟的方法解决了网络时间服务器中时钟源精度不高,易受干扰的特点,采用了PI调节器的时钟驯服模型。通过实验测试,该服务器可满足对电力系统二次设备的同步授时。     

矿用分布式采集系统时钟同步方案设计与实现

单一的时钟同步技术由于其精度及应用局限性,无法满足矿用分布式采集系统高精度、高可靠性的时钟同步性能要求。针对上述问题,提出了基于北斗+IEEE 1588V2+本地后备时钟的三级协同时钟同步方案。选用部署在地面的T600-BDGOCXC型北斗授时服务器作为主时钟,为系统提供纳秒级精度的绝对时钟;采用STM32F407+DP83848及PTPd协议栈实现支持IEEE 1588V2协议的采集节点,通过井下工业环网将北斗的绝对时钟同步到各采集节点;本地后备时钟采用STM32F407内部RTC(实时时钟)实现,给各采集节点提供秒级精度的时间戳初值,便于各采集节点用最短时间实现与主时钟的同步。测试结果表明,北斗授时服务器与采集节点通过交换机直连的情况下,1 min后时钟同步精度达162 ns;北斗授时服务器与采集节点通过三级交换机连接的情况下,时钟同步精度为565 ns;在北斗授时服务器失效的情况下,优先级高的采集节点升级为主时钟并为其余采集节点授时,具有较强的可靠性。     

基于VxWorks操作系统的NTP授时服务器SNMP代理

简单网络管理协议(SNMP)作为TCP/IP相关服务的一部分,是当前最为流行的网络管理协议.本文以NTP网络授时服务器的SNMP代理开发作为核心内容,在VxWorks操作系统中实现了SNMP代理的功能.     

嵌入式分布系统中网络设备的时间同步

针对航电系统中报文的处理需要时间同步的要求,采用VxWorks嵌入式操作系统,设计并实现了网络授时协议(NTP)服务器,建立了可靠的处理机制。重点对NTP协议进行介绍,包括其工作原理、网络结构、工作模式以及处理流程。最后对课题的分布式系统性能进行测试并作出详细的分析,阐明建立网络时间服务体系的必要性。NTP协议用于同步分布式系统中的计算机时间,对于分布式系统的网络应用有着重要的参考价值。     

基于PTP授时的高可靠时间统一系统的应用研究

现如今,各领域对时间统一系统的性能要求越来越高。以往的时间统一系统大多使用网络时间协议(Network Time Protocol, NTP)进行授时,但该协议只能提供毫秒级的同步精度,且主时钟一般为固定不变的,无法满足测控等应用领域的高精度、高鲁棒性的要求。基于此,对基于IEEE1588标准(Precision Time Protocol,PTP)授时的高可靠时间统一系统的应用进行了深入研究。本系统采用PTP协议进行授时,可使系统时间同步精度达到纳秒级,并以最佳主时钟算法(Best Master Clock,BMC)为理论基础,设计并实现手动设置与自动选择两种模式的双机热备功能,满足了测控等应用领域对时间统一系统的高性能要求。相比较以往的时间统一系统,本系统大大提升了系统的授时精度与鲁棒性。     

基于SIP协议的IP电话服务器的设计与实现

SIP协议作为VoIP的应用层控制协议已经变得十分重要。该文提出了一种以功能插件形式实现基于SIP协议的IP电话服务器方法，介绍了SIP协议及SIP服务器组件，设计并实现了IP电话服务器的系统结构，说明了实现插件功能的细节。     

适用网络的W态双服务器盲量子计算协议设计

结合实际的网络环境，为提高盲量子计算协议的执行效率和减少客户端占用量子服务器的时间，利用Bell态与W态的纠缠交换原理，提出了一种适用网络的双服务器盲量子协议方案。方案中客户端将计算任务分为两部分，并分别与Bob1和Bob2按照单服务器盲量子计算步骤执行完成。因为制备分别用于构造两台量子服务器中砖墙态的量子比特，只由一台量子计算机、执行一次制备过程就可以完成，与单服务器BQC相比并没有增加额外的量子服务器资源投入。方案可以实现客户端完全经典，协议具有无条件安全性。     

局域网环境下的时钟同步与保持

针对局域网环境下系统仿真的时钟同步需求,提出了一种时钟同步与保持方法.首先建立客户端与授时服务器的网络连接,通过多次网络通信,得到客户端与授时服务器时间差的不等式组,通过解不等式组求出时间差的有效范围,这样有效地提高了时钟同步的精度.然后通过两个校准时间参考点对系统的脉冲频率进行校准,使得已同步的时钟得以保持,从而避免了在仿真应用中频繁地进行同步,节省了时间开销.实验结果表明,这种方法的同步误差在50μs左右,且可以在较长时间内保持.     

基于ARM的嵌入式Web服务器的设计与实现

本文主要提出一种基于ARM的多线程并发Web服务器的设计方案,详细阐述了Linux下多线程并发Web服务器的实现方法.通过Windows或是Linux浏览器实现对Web服务器的远程访问及控制,实现与Web服务器的动态交互.在TCP/IP协议基础上,论述嵌入式Web服务器中TCP/IP协议的使用;并重点分析嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈的体系结构、动态Web服务器的移植以及在ARM处理器上运行的流程.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.