盐地碱蓬提取物对高脂血症仓鼠血脂的影响

目的:探讨盐地碱蓬提取物的降血脂功效。方法:将雄性仓鼠随机分为5组,分别为空白组、模型组、添加盐地碱蓬提取物的低、中、高3个剂量组(高脂饲料中质量分数分别为0.75%、1.5%、3.0%),饲养6周后对仓鼠进行眼底静脉丛采血,并检测相关指标。结果:与高脂模型组相比,中、高剂量组仓鼠血清中的总胆固醇(TC)和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)水平显著降低(P<0.01),甘油三酯(TG)亦较高脂模型组显著降低(P<0.05),模型组仓鼠血清及肝脏中MDA含量较空白组显著升高(P<0.01),剂量组MDA含量随着盐地碱蓬提取物剂量的增加而降低。结论:盐地碱蓬提取物对高脂血症仓鼠血脂水平具有降低作用,并且具有抑制脂质过氧化的作用。     

四株益生菌对高脂血症仓鼠降血脂作用的研究

目的:观察不同益生菌菌株对实验性高脂血症仓鼠脂代谢的影响。方法:利用高脂饲料诱导仓鼠高脂血症模型,给仓鼠灌胃益生菌菌液,测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的含量及肝脏组织中TC、TG的含量。结果:四株益生菌均可有效降低高脂膳食仓鼠血清TC、TG、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)含量及动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)值,提高HDL-C含量,还可以显著降低肝脏中TC、TG含量。结论:四株益生菌均能有效改善仓鼠血脂代谢,预防和减少动脉粥样硬化的发生。鼠李糖乳杆菌降低高脂饮食仓鼠血清TC、TG含量的作用最强,嗜酸乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌升高血清HDL-C含量的作用最强,但嗜酸乳杆菌降低肝脏中TC含量的作用最强。     

D-松醇对高脂血症仓鼠血脂的影响

对D-松醇的降血脂活性进行研究,选用SPF级雄性仓鼠进行实验。高脂饲料喂养建立高血脂仓鼠模型。将实验动物分为空白组、模型组、剂量组(50mg/(kg BW·d)、100mg/(kg BW·d)和200mg/(kg BW·d))。灌胃治疗期间每周称量体重,禁食(不禁水)12h后眼眶采血,测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平。6周后仓鼠处死,并对其肝脏、粪便中的TC、TG含量进行检测。实验结果表明:剂量组经灌胃治疗6周后,高血脂仓鼠血清中的TC和TG水平均有显著性降低(p0.05),中剂量和高剂量组肝脏中TC、TG含量显著性下降(p0.05),粪便中的TC含量有所增加。说明D-松醇能有效调节高脂血症仓鼠的TC和TG水平,加速TC在仓鼠体内的代谢。     

高胆固醇膳食对SD大鼠和仓鼠血液胆固醇水平及小肠ACAT活性的影响

大鼠和仓鼠作为常用的降胆固醇研究模型而广泛应用.通过喂饲大鼠和仓鼠不同含量膳食胆固醇(0～0.9%),对大鼠和仓鼠高胆固醇模型进行比较.结果显示,仓鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)水平比同样膳食胆固醇含量组大鼠高73%-81%.与大鼠高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量只占血清总胆固醇很少比例不同,仓鼠的血脂组成与人类更为相近.并且,仓鼠小肠酰基CoA:胆固醇酰基转移酶(ACAT)活性将近是大鼠的20倍.     

菊苣仔根提取物对高脂血症仓鼠血脂的影响

探讨菊苣仔根提取物的降血脂功效.将雄性仓鼠随机分为6组,分别为空白组、模型组、添加菊苣仔根水提物及醇提物低、高剂量组(高脂饲料中质量分数均分别为1.0％、5.0％),饲养6周后对仓鼠进行眼底静脉丛采血,并检测相关指标.结果显示,与高脂模型组相比,添加菊苣仔根水提物及醇提物的低、高剂量组仓鼠血清中的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)水平均极显著降低(p＜0.01),水提物和醇提物高剂量组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平呈极显著和显著升高(p＜0.01)、(p＜0.05),水提物低、高剂量组和醇提物高剂量组仓鼠血清和肝脏中的MDA含量均呈不同程度的降低.结论:菊苣仔根水提物和醇提物对高脂血症仓鼠血脂水平均具有降低作用,并有抑制脂质过氧化的作用.醇提物在降低总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)水平方面略优于水提物,而水提物对于高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平的升高作用则更加明显.     

紫甘薯花色苷通过抑制仓鼠胆固醇内源合成降低血清胆固醇水平

研究紫甘薯花色苷对高脂高胆固醇膳食喂饲仓鼠血清胆固醇水平及肝脏中胆固醇代谢相关基因表达水平的影响。50只仓鼠随机分5组(正常组,模型组,2g/kg,4g/kg,8g/kg紫甘薯花色苷组),测定血清中总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平,荧光定量聚合酶链反应(Real-timePCR,RT-PCR)检测肝脏中胆固醇代谢相关基因的表达水平。模型组TC,TG,HDL-C水平较正常组极显著升高(P0.01),添加紫甘薯花色苷后血清TC水平呈下降趋势,且8g/kg组有显著性(P0.05);Realtime PCR分析显示,紫甘薯花色苷下调肝脏中3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰基-Co A还原酶(HMG-Co A-R)基因的表达,上调肝X受体α(LXRα)基因的表达。紫甘薯花色苷具有降胆固醇作用,其机制可能是通过抑制肝脏中胆固醇内源合成实现的。     

迷迭香对仓鼠肝脏胆固醇代谢调控基因表达的影响

目的:以高脂高胆固醇膳食喂饲仓鼠为动物模型,研究迷迭香提取物对机体血脂调控相关机制的影响。方法:实验动物随机被分为4组,分别为高脂高胆固醇膳食组(HF-HC),0.1%,0.3%,0.9%迷迭香提取物试验干预组。试验6周后,测定血脂水平及肝脏中胆固醇含量,用荧光定量PCR(Real Time-PCR)检测肝脏中调控胆固醇代谢基因表达水平。结果:血脂测定结果显示,0.3%,0.9%迷迭香提取物组仓鼠TG含量降低(P0.05),HDL-C水平升高(P0.01);肝脏中胆固醇含量随迷迭香提取物添加量的增加而降低,具有统计学差异性(P0.01);荧光定量PCR分析显示,与对照组相比,迷迭香提取物能极显著降低试验组肝脏中胆固醇合成限速酶3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶(HMG-Co A-R)m RNA的表达水平(P0.01),提高胆汁酸合成限速酶7α羟化酶(CYP7A1)m RNA表达水平(P0.01),然而迷迭香提取物对肝脏中低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLR)、肝X受体(LXRα)、胆固醇蛋白调节元件结合蛋白2(SREBP-2)基因表达水平无显著影响(P0.05)。结论 :迷迭香提取物降血脂的作用机制很可能是通过抑制肝脏中胆固醇的内源合成,增强胆固醇向胆汁酸转化,进而增加胆固醇排泄来实现。     

酸枣浓缩汁抗氧化和血脂调控的功能评价

主要研究酸枣浓缩汁在仓鼠体内的抗氧化作用和对血脂的影响。将45只仓鼠随机分为正常组、高脂组和3个不同剂量的酸枣浓缩汁组(5%、15%、25%),饲喂仓鼠特制的饲料,6周后检测仓鼠肝脏、血清中CAT、SOD、GSH-Px活性以及MDA含量,血清中TC、TG和HDL-C含量。结果显示:喂饲酸枣浓缩汁仓鼠的肝脏、血中CAT、SOD、GSH-Px活性均显著提高(P0.05),并能极显著抑制肝脏和血中MDA水平(P0.01);与高脂组比,15%和25%酸枣浓缩汁组仓鼠血清中TC、TG含量极显著下降(P0.05),但HDL-C无显著性(P0.05)。结果表明酸枣浓缩汁具有一定的抗氧化活性作用,可以调节血脂。     

不同燕麦品种对大鼠胆固醇代谢的影响

为研究不同燕麦品种对饲喂高脂饲料大鼠胆固醇代谢的影响,将40只雄性Wistar大鼠按照平均血脂水平和平均体重分为4组,即高脂对照组和3个燕麦组。喂食第0、10、20和30 d时分别测定大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和三酰甘油(TG)水平;试验结束时测定大鼠肝脏TC、胆固醇酯(CE)、游离胆固醇(FC)、TG和粪便TC、胆汁酸(BA)、脂肪含量。β-葡聚糖含量不同的燕麦品种都显著降低了血清和肝脏TC含量(P0.05),并促进了粪便胆汁酸排泄,而对血清HDL-C、TG和肝脏TG含量没有显著影响。以上结果表明摄入不同品种燕麦均能够通过促进粪便中胆汁酸的排泄来降低大鼠血清TC和LDL-C水平,及肝脏中TC和CE水平。     

无斑鹞鲼肉对大鼠脂质代谢的影响

目的：研究无斑鹞鲼肉对大鼠脂质代谢的影响,以提高低值水产品的利用价值。方法：将SD 大鼠分3 组,对照组(酪蛋白)、10% 鹞鲼肉组(酪蛋白+ 鹞鲼肉)和20% 鹞鲼肉组。分别测定大鼠血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)浓度,以及肝脏TG、TC、磷脂(PL)浓度,并测定肝脏脂质代谢相关酶--葡萄糖-6- 磷酸(G6PDH)脱氢酶、苹果酸酶、脂肪酸合成酶、磷脂酸磷酸酶和肉碱棕榈酰转移酶的活性。结果：摄食鹞鲼肉可显著降低大鼠血清TG、TC 和FFA 含量(P ＜ 0.05),对血清HDL-C 浓度无明显影响,但能显著降低大鼠动脉硬化指数(AI)。另外,鹞鲼肉可明显降低肝脏TG 和TC 含量(P ＜ 0.05),抑制肝脏脂肪合成相关酶的活性,但对脂肪酸分解酶活性则未见明显影响,同时FAS、CPT-1、CPT-2 mRNA 表达量也无明显变化。结论：摄食无斑鹞鲼肉具有降低大鼠血清和肝脏脂肪含量的作用,主要是通过抑制脂肪酸和TG 的合成实现。     

蛋白质水解度测定方法综述

对目前国内外常用的蛋白质水解度测定方法进行了综述，其中pH—state方法是通过滴定水解过程中释放的质子测定DH；OPA、TNBS及国内常用的水合茚三酮和甲醛等测定方法是利用游离氨基的反应测定DH。     

SEROLOGIC IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES OF ORIGIN OF SAUSAGE MEATS

SUMMARY: A partially purified immunoglobulin G (lgG) solution prepared from the serum of species to be tested was heated to the specifications for sausages. The resulting supernatant fluid was decanted and the precipitate washed with saline and used to immunize rabbits. The supernatant fluid was used to sensitize tanned sheep red blood cells. The immune serum was rendered monospecific by absorptions with heterologous, heated lgG precipitates. A sample of monospecific immune serum was absorbed with a washed homogenate of sausage. Aliquots of the monospecific immune serum, both untreated and sausage absorbed, were tested with cells sensitized with the homologous heated lgG supematant fluid. A significant reduction of titer by sausage absorption indicated that the sausages contained the meat homologous to the immune serum.     

聚多元羧酸盐的合成及应用

研究了聚多元羧酸盐的合成方法及反应机理,将其应用于洗涤剂和PVC制品中分别代替三聚磷酸钠和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,证明有良好效果。     

BASIS OF STABILITY OF AMINE SALTS OF LINOLEIC ACID

SUMMARY— The mechanism and generality of the known stabilization against autoxidation conferred on linoleic acid by certain basic amino acids, such as lysine and arginine, was investigated. Basic amino acids were the only class of compounds found to confer the effect. However, the smallest basic amino acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, was not effective, nor was αβω-diaminc acid, 3,6-diaminohexanoic acid, although a simple isomer of lysine. The stabilization was observed only in the solid phase. Inclusion of sodium chloride in the solid matrix was deleterious to the effect. A large number of physical and chemical observations were made and correlated but it has not been possible to draw detailed conclusions about the mechanism of stabilization, nor can a detailed structure of the stabilized complex be suggested. The cause of the phenomenon appears to be closely associated with the physical arrangement of the ions in the crystal lattice.     

STABILITY OF AQUEOUS EMULSIONS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF HOPS

Hop oil emulsions prepared from different varieties of hops have been found to exhibit enhanced physical stability on the addition of blends of the emulsifiers Span 20/Tween 80 or Span 60/Tween 60. Examination of the particle size and volume distributions of an emulsion by use of a Coulter Counter was found to be an excellent method of monitoring its stability. An indication as to the relative efficiency of emulsifiers can be obtained from Coulter Counter measurements on hop oil emulsions after storage for 4 days. The use of an ultracentrifuge provies a rapid means of testing emulsion stability and hence the effectiveness of emulsion stabilizers.     

百年风尚

一场流光溢彩、赏心悦目的展览,一段百年风尚演进的传奇旅程,一次东西方文化艺术的完美对话。2013年9月13日,“博萃臻艺一中西方珍宝艺术展”在辽宁省博物馆举行了隆重的开幕仪式,法兰西共和国驻华大使白林女士、辽宁省文物局局长丁辉先生、辽宁省博物馆馆长马宝杰先生、卡地亚全球总裁兼首席执行官邓阁仕先生、卡地亚区域行政总裁（北亚洲）陆慧全先生、卡地亚中国区首席执行官陆意斯先生、辽宁省文物店总经理张春鹰先生,以及众多文化界与文博界的贵宾齐聚一堂,共同见证了这场文化艺术盛事。     

EFFECTS OF TYPES OF FAT AND OF RATES AND TEMPERATURES OF COMMINUTION ON DISPERSION OF LIPIDS IN FRANKFURTERS

ABSTRACT— The effect of time, temperature and rpm of comminution of emulsions was determined on the dispersion of approximately 25% of beef fat, pork fat or cottonseed oil in frankfurters. The numbers of lipid particles 5 μ or less in diameter increased in frankfurters containing either beef or pork fat as comminution was continued to higher temperatures, with pork fat dispersed more thoroughly. Fat tended to separate from frankfurters containing beef fat in particles 200 μ or more in diameter. In contrast, no specific degree of dispersion of particles 5 μ or less in diameter consistently indicated emulsion stability, or its lack. Increased rpm during comminution produced an increased dispersion of beef or pork fat. Under the same conditions pork fat was dispersed more finely than beef fat. Dispersion of cottonseed oil produced finely dispersed particles beyond the resolution of light microscopy, as was confirmed by electron microscopy which showed a substantial number of particles to be less than 1 μ in diameter.     

DEVELOPMENT OF CHAINS OF CELLS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE DURING FERMENTATION

The lengths of chains of cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied during fermentation. Pitching yeast generally contained about half of the total number of cells as two-celled chains. The chain lengths varied during the subsequent fermentation and the variations were characteristic of the strain. Electronic counting assessments of chain length were unreliable.     

ANALYTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PRODUCTS OF NONENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION OF LYSOZYME

The quantitative analysis of the reaction products of the water activity dependent nonenzymatic glycosylation of lysozyme was not straightforward. Difficulties arose in the determination of the number of bound glucose molecules because glycosylation leads to glucose mediated protein aggregation, and the likely presence of a mixture of relatively labile Schiff-base intermediates, and the more stable ketoamine products generated by Amadori rearrangement. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to monitor protein aggregation; periodate oxidation, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and oxalic acid hydrolysis combined with HPLC, emerged as the most promising methods to quantitate the degree of glycosylation. Possible interpretations are advanced to explain the apparent discrepancies in degree of glycosylation suggested by the different analytical methods evaluated.     

矩阵乘积的行式,列式

给出了ｍ×ｍ矩阵与ｍ×ｎ矩阵的行（列）式的表达式．若Ａ＝ａ１１ａ１２…ａ１ｍａ２１ａ２２…ａ２ｍ……ａｍ１ａｍ２…ａｍｍＢ＝ｂ１１ｂ１２…ｂ１ｎｂ２１ｂ２２…ｂ２ｎ……ｂｍ１ｂｍ２…ｂｍｎ分别是ｍ×ｍ，ｍ×ｎ矩阵，则｜Ａ｜｜Ｂ｜＝｜ＡＢ｜＋∑ｉ１＜ｉ２＜…＜ｉｔｊ１＜ｊ２＜…＜ｊｔ１≤ｔ≤ｍｎ－ｔ≥ｍＮＢｉ１ｉ２…ｉｔｊ１ｊ２…ｊｔＮＡＢ１…ｍ（－１）ｓｔ＋１ｊｔ＋１…（－１）ｓｎｊｎ其中ｉ１，ｉ２，…，ｉｔ是１，２，…，ｍ中ｔ个数码；ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｔ＋１，…，ｊｎ是１，２，…，ｎ的一个排列；ｓｒ＝π（ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ）（ｒ＝１，２，…，ｎ）是排列ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ的反序数．