硼铁矿冶炼Fe—Si—B合金的工艺研究

建立了以辽东硼铁矿为原料，用碳热还原或碳－铝热还原冶炼Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ合金的工艺，测定了还时间和温度对合金中Ｂ，Ｓｉ，Ｃ含量的影响以及Ｃ含量与Ｂ和Ｓｉ含量的关系；用熔渣－金属平衡方法对合金进行脱Ａｌ，研究了碱度以及Ｂ２Ｏ３和ＳｉＯ２含量对合金中Ａｌ含量的影响。     

CO还原CaO－SiO_2－Al_2O_3－Fe_tO渣系研究

研究了在１７２３Ｋ下ＣＯ还原ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－Ａ１_２Ｏ_３－Ｆｅ_ｔＯ渣系。根据ＣＯ_２红外分析仪测定的出口气体中ＣＯ_２浓度变化，计算了炉渣的表现还原速度常数Ｋ_ａ和还原速度常数Ｋ。结果表明，加入Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３，提高了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－Ｆｅ_ｔＯ的Ｋ_ａ和Ｋ值；炉渣碱度不变时，随着Ｆｅ_ｔＯ含量的增加，Ｋ_ａ呈增加趋势，但Ｋ则呈抛物线趋势变化；当ＦｅＯ的光学碱度∧_ＦｅＯ为１．０或０．８７时，Ｋ_ａ随该四元渣系光学碱度的增加而线性增加，而Ｋ则呈递减趋势。用炉渣规则溶液模型计算了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－Ｆｅ_ｔＯ四元渣系的Ｆｅ_ｔＯ活度ａ_Ｆｅ_ｔＯ。     

玻璃净化剂组分对Cu50Ni50合金熔体过冷度稳定性的影响

在高真空下,研究了净化剂Ｂ２Ｏ３,８９％ＳｉＯ２＋１２．５％Ｂ２Ｏ３＋２．２％Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋０．６％ＣａＯ＋５．７％Ｎａ２Ｏ（简写为Ｎａ－Ｃａ－Ａｌ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ）和５０％Ｎａ－Ｃａ－Ａｌ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ＋５０％ｎａ２Ｂ８Ｏ４对Ｃｕ５０Ｎｉ５０ｘ合金溶体在循环过热过程中的过冷度及其稳定Ｃａ－Ａｌ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ玻璃的净化过程为物理－化学复合净化,但由于该净化剂粘度大,在循环过热的冷却过程中因发生合金溶体与净化剂分离     

玻璃组分与Cu—Ni熔体过冷稳定性

在高真空下,研究了５０ ％ （７９ ％ Ｓｉ Ｏ２ ＋ １２ ．５ ％ Ｂ２ Ｏ３ ＋ ２ ．２ ％ Ａｌ２ Ｏ３ ＋ ０ ．６ ％ Ｃａ Ｏ ＋ ５ ．７ ％ Ｎａ２ Ｏ） （ 简写为 Ｎａ Ｃａ Ａｌ Ｂ Ｓｉ） ＋ ５０ ％ （ Ｎａ２ Ｂ７ Ｏ４） 对 Ｃｕ５０ Ｎｉ５０ 和 Ｃｕ７０ Ｎｉ３０ 合金熔体循环过热过程中过冷度稳定性的影响。结果表明,５０ ％（ Ｎａ Ｃａ Ａｌ Ｂ Ｓｉ） ＋ ５０ ％ （ Ｎａ２ Ｂ７ Ｏ４） 玻璃对合金熔体的净化过程为物理—化学复合净化, 且在（ Ｎａ Ｃａ Ａｌ Ｂ Ｓｉ） 净化剂中加入（ Ｎａ２ Ｂ７ Ｏ４） 玻璃形成的净化剂粘度适中,因此合金熔体在２ ～５ 次循环过热过程中可以获得稳定深过冷。     

冰晶石熔体中Al热还原法制备Al-Sc合金

在ｎＮａＦ·ＡｌＦ３ＫＣｌＮａＣｌ熔盐体系中,用液体Ａｌ还原Ｓｃ２Ｏ３成功制取了ＡｌＳｃ中间合金。最佳工艺条件为：Ｓｃ２Ｏ３加入量约２％,温度１０９３Ｋ左右,反应时间２ｈ。合金中Ｓｃ含量最高为１％,金属收得率接近８０％。此工艺操作简单,反应温度低,同时避免了金属的烧损,可大大降低合金生产成本。实验结果及热力学分析表明,在冰晶石熔体中,Ａｌ还原Ｓｃ２Ｏ３的过程并非是简单的一步还原过程,而是由复杂的多步反应（如络合等）构成的。     

Al-Ti-B-Sr对Al-Si-Mg合金的变质细化作用

用快速凝固和热变形处理的Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－Ｓｒ中间合金,对Ａｌ－Ｓｉ－Ｍｇ铝轮毂材料进行处理,试验结果表明：Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－Ｓｒ中间合金可以对Ａａ－７Ｓｉ－０．３５Ｍｇ合金有效地细化与变质;改善Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ－Ｓｒ的细化与变质效果,Ａｌ－Ｓｉ－Ｍｇ合金的抗拉强度和延伸率较Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｂ、Ａｌ－Ｓｒ两种中间俣金分别外入时提高了约１０％和２５％。     

粉末热锻Al－Si合金

研究了Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金粉末热锻密实工艺和合金性能。结果表明，当合金含硅量不超过３０％时，锻坯的密度可达到理论密度的９９％以上。合金组织中初晶硅分布均匀，没有针状或大块片状组织出现。添加Ｃｕ、Ｍｇ的Ａｌ－１０Ｓｉ－２Ｃｕ－１Ｍｇ和Ａｌ－１５Ｓｉ－２Ｃｕ－１Ｍｇ合金性能比相应的Ａｌ－Ｓｉ二元合金明显提高，拉伸强度分别达到２８４～３２４ＭＰａ和３０４～３３３ＭＰａ，布氏硬氏１２４～１２８和１２２～１２４     

碳对Fe－Cr－Al耐热合金的组织和性能的影响

研究了不同含量的碳（０．０５～０．５０％Ｃ）对铸造Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ耐热合金的组织和性能的影响。结果表明，较高含量的碳对Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ合金的显微组织、强度和抗氧化性均有不利的影响。当碳含量高于０．１７％时，在合金晶界上有富铬的碳化物生成，恶化了铸态组织、降低了合金强度；同时，在１３００℃以上应用时，发生了异常氧化。该合金的适宜含碳量为０．０５～０．１２％。     

微量碳对淬态Fe－Si－B非晶丝表面层结构及脆性的影响

用旋转水中熔融金属纺丝法制备了Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ非晶金属丝。拉伸和弯折性能表明，当合金中杂质碳原子分数含量≥０．２％时，制备态（淬态）非晶丝发生脆化。电子探针、Ａｕｇｅｒ能谱分析与透射电镜观察发现，非晶丝表面具有大约１５０－３００ｎｍ宽的富碳层且包含Ｆｅ＿（２３）（Ｃ，Ｂ）＿６相。该相是Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ非晶丝脆化的原因。     

A3钢热镀Al-Si层的微弧氧化及其耐蚀性

用低碳钢表面热浸镀Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金后进行微弧氧化的方法获得复合膜层,分析了热镀层的表面质量对形成陶瓷层的影响。对复合膜层进行了断面形貌观察和Ｘ射线衍射分析测定了复合膜层在不同浓度ＮａＣｌ溶液及海水中的耐蚀性,结果表明：微弧氧化要求热镀层厚度均匀;陶瓷层由α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３,ｋ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３及单质Ａｌ,Ｓｉ组成,复合层由三大部分组成;最外层为陶瓷层,次层为Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金层,再向内至基体为Ｆｅ－Ａｌ－Ｓｉ,Ｆｅ－Ａｌ,Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ合金层,陶瓷层的耐蚀性优于热镀层,更好于低碳钢。     

Influence of the permeability of networked primary Si on the ejection of hypereutectic Al-Si melts by centrifugation

The separation of high purity Si for solar cells from Al-Si alloy melt in the mushy zone was investigated using an advanced centrifugal technique. The efficiency of separating Si, based on the weight ratio of separated Si to Si in alloy melt, was maximized by optimizing the permeability of a porous structure of Si (Si foam.) For the optimization of the permeability, two fundamental microstructure variables, size and the solid fraction of primary Si platelets, were controlled by adjusting the Si content in the melts and the rotation start temperature, respectively. The best separation efficiency (48.3% with 3N purity) was achieved when Si content in melt was 24% and the solid fraction was 8.7%. The melt with 23% Si led to a higher separation efficiency (69.8%) for a solid fraction of 10.4%, but Al sandwiched between the Si platelets resulted in a decrease in the purity to 2N.     

Effect of Si content on surface hardening of Al–Si alloy by shot peening treatment

The effect of Si content was investigated for Al–Si alloys (Al-7%, 11%, 18%Si) by shot peening process. The hardness increment by shot peening increased as the Si contents in Al–Si alloys increased. Finer Si particles and more dense distribution of those were observed in Al–18%Si than Al–7%Si. As Si contents of Al–Si alloys increased, grain size at the surface area of Al–Si alloy decreased. Higher hardness of Al–Si alloy with higher Si content could be attributable to more dense and refine Si particles and accelerated grain refinement during severe deformation.     

Sr+B联合熔体处理对Al-Si-Mg合金组织和力学性能的影响

考察了A1—lB中间合金对0．030％Sr变质的A1—11．6％Si0．4％Mg合金组织和力学性能的影响。发现A1—B中间合金在近共晶铸造A1—Si合金中具有优异的枝晶细化能力。通过比较3种不同熔体处理条件下(末变质 未枝晶细化处理、0．030％Sr变质处理、0．030％Sr 0．028％B联合熔体处理)合金铸态和T6状态下的力学性能并对断口形貌进行分析，可以得出在近共晶铸造A1—Si合金中同时加入Sr，B进行枝晶细化和共晶Si变质联合处理是十分必要的。     

Morphology and formation of Fe–Al intermetallic layers on iron hot-dipped in Al–Mg–Si alloy melt

We have examined the morphology and the growth of Fe–Al intermetallic layers of η-Fe₂Al₅ and θ-FeAl₃ phases formed on pure Fe sheets dipped in an Al-8.2Mg-4.8Si (wt.%) alloy melt and pure Al melt at 750 °C. The η phase layer grows one order of magnitude slower in the Al–Mg–Si alloy melt than in the pure Al melt. The change in thickness of Fe sheets with dipping time is less pronounced in the Al–Mg–Si alloy melt than in a pure Al melt. Microstructure observations suggest that the retarded interfacial reaction between solid Fe and liquid Al–Mg–Si alloy is associated with a continuous θ phase layer formed in the Al–Mg–Si alloy melt, which acts as the diffusion barrier.     

United modification of Al-24Si alloy by Al-P and Al-Ti-C master alloys

The modification effect of a new type of Al-P master alloy on Al-24Si alloys was investigated.It is found that excellent modification effect can be obtained by the addition of this new type of Al-P master alloy into Al-24Si melt and the average primary Si grain size is decreased below 47μm from original 225μm.It is also found that the TiC particles in the melt coming from A18Ti2C can improve the modification ffect of the Al-P master alloy.When the content of TiC particles in the Al-24Si melt is 0.03%.the improvement reaches the maximum and keeps steady with increasing content of TiC particles.Modification effect occurs at 50 min after addition of the Al-P master alloy and TiC particles,and keeps stable with prolonging holding time.     

Fe-Si-B非晶粉末及其磁粉芯研制进展概述

本文概述了带材破碎制备Fe78Si9B13非晶合金粉末及其磁粉芯的制备与性能研究;铁硅硼合金是制备磁粉芯的理想原料;球磨气流复合破碎法是带材破碎制粉的有效途径之一;通过不同磁导率非晶磁粉芯产品的磁性能测试,证明Fe78Si9B13非晶磁粉芯是综合性能良好的一种新型磁粉芯.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al–Si alloy modified with Al–3P

Al–Si alloy was modified with Al–3P master alloy at 740 °C. The effects of Si content (7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 wt.%) and adding amount of alterant Al–3P (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0 and 1.5 wt.%) on microstructures and tensile properties of the alloy were investigated with optical microscope (OP), Image Pro Plus 6.0, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and universal testing machine. When the content of Al–3P is 0.6 wt.%, the area fraction of primary α(Al) in the Al–Si alloy increases more compared to the unmodified alloy with an increase in Si content, which could be explained by the movement of non-equilibrium eutectic point. When the Si content is constant (Al–10Si), with the increase of Al–3P content, the increased rate in area fraction of primary α(Al) phase in the Al–10Si alloy increases first and then decreases. And when 0.6 wt.% Al–3P is added, the increase in area fraction of primary α(Al) phase is the largest. Compared to the unmodified Al–10Si alloy, the tensile strength and elongation of Al–10Si alloy increase by 2.3% and 47.0%, respectively, after being modified with 0.6 wt.% Al–3P alloy. The fracture mode of the modified Al–10Si alloy is ductile fracture.     

微量碳对淬态Fe—Si—B非晶丝表面层结构及脆性的影响

用旋转水中熔融金属纺丝法制备了Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ非晶金属丝。拉伸和弯折性能表明，当合金中杂质碳原子分数含量≥０．２％时，制备态（淬态）非晶丝发生脆化。电子探针、Ａｕｇｅｒ能谱分析与透射电镜观察发现，非晶丝表面具有大约１５０－３００ｎｍ宽的富碳层且包含Ｆｅ＿（２３）（Ｃ，Ｂ）＿６相。该相是Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ非晶丝脆化的原因。